150 words: The books of Nahum, Habakkuk, and Zephaniah contain oracles that address problems in and around ancient Judah in ways that are as incisive and critical as they are optimistic and constructive. Daniel C. Timmer’s The Theology of Nahum, Habakkuk, and Zephaniah situates these books in their social and political contexts and examines the unique theology of each as it engages with imposing problems in Judah and beyond. In dialogue with recent scholarship, this study focuses on these books’ analysis and evaluation of the world as it is, focusing on both human beings and their actions and God’s commitment to purify, restore, and perfect the world. Timmer also surveys these books’ later theological use and cultural reception. Timmer also brings their theology into dialogue with concerns as varied as ecology, nationalism, and widespread injustice, highlighting the enduring significance of divine justice and grace for solid hope and effective service in our world.

50 words: This volume examines the powerful and poignant theology of the books of Nahum, Habakkuk, and Zephaniah. Daniel C. Timmer situates these books’ theology in their ancient Near Eastern contexts and traces its multifaceted contribution to Jewish and Christian theology and to broader cultural spheres, without neglecting its contemporary significance.

20 words: This volume draws out the theology of Nahum, Habakkuk, and Zephaniah, attending to their ancient contexts, past use and reception, and contemporary significance.

There is a great deal of varied terminology used to refer to cultural heritage, and this chapter explores how definitions of these terms translate into practice the importance of cultural heritage to communities that care about it. At times the UK’s system of law and non-law instruments can lead to a fragmented approach to caring for cultural heritage. In addition, there is a body of jurisprudence where a cultural heritage object, place or practice is at the centre of the dispute, but where general legal principles (rather than specialist cultural heritage laws) are applicable; it is the way in which the judges in these cases construct notions of cultural heritage which present an opportunity to fully appreciate the way in which the UK, as a community, imagines cultural heritage. Concepts such as value, significance, interest, importance, uniqueness and value all demonstrate the recognition of the varied ways in which communities in the UK care about cultural heritage. Although the importance of cultural heritage to a community’s identity is frequently cited, this concept is rarely, if ever, translated into legal or non-legal instruments in the UK. This chapter explores how the relationships between different communities and cultural heritage have been translated into the various nested practices of care.

Susanne Staschen-Dielmann’s history episode is designed to offer learners deep understanding and command of a specific historical genre. Criteria-centred evaluation is one of the most challenging text types to master in history. It requires the ability to analyse and evaluate historical events from different perspectives in a nuanced way through a set of criteria. A series of tasks leads to students creating instructional videos for other students. In those videos, students explore aspects of society in the German Empire guided by the research question: ‘After unifying the German Reich with “blood and iron” in 1871, did Bismarck manage to unify German society as a nation?’ After sharing their findings on different social and political factions and analysing similarities and differences according to social, political, economic and ideological positions, learners collaboratively assess the degree of national unity or disunity in Germany under Bismarck, following the principles of criteria-centred evaluation.

In his 1914 monograph, The Value of the State and the Significance of the Individual, accepted as an Habilitation in law in the field of state theory in 1916, Carl Schmitt proceeds from a discussion of his view of the relation between law (Recht) and power (Macht), through a discussion of the role of the state in the realization of law, to a discussion of his view of the significance of the individual within the state. Schmitt argues that the value of the state consists in the realization of law in the world, while the significance of the individual is that of fulfilling the roles that the state assigns and ascribes to them for the completion of the state’s task of realizing law and right. Schmitt thus claims a great value for his view of the state and a correspondingly diminutive significance for his view of the individual.

The aim of this chapter is to explicate the relationship among social anxiety, bodily experiences, and interpersonal contact with others. In so doing, I will first revisit the phenomenology of bodily experiences and confirm the difference between the body-as-subject and the body-as-object. Next, I will describe the experiences of one's body-as-object for others, distinguishing them from those of one's body-as-object for oneself. Among phenomenologists, it was Sartre (1943/1956) who emphasized the former aspect of bodily experiences as the “third ontological dimension of the body.” On the basis of this notion, I will try to develop a phenomenology of social anxiety as well as its disorder. In its most basic form, social anxiety can be described as a feeling of uncertainty of the other's mind that becomes salient in social situations.

This chapter introduces the basic principles of hypothesis testing. We explain the ideas of the null and alternative hypothesis, and the role of the test statistic in quantifying the discrepancy between the null hypothesis and the observed data sample. The value of the test statistic is used to estimate the probability of incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis (i.e. the test significance). We also discuss the Type II error probability and the related concept of test power. The process of statistical decision-making for formulated hypotheses is illustrated with the help of simple categorical data, assessed by the goodness-of-fit test. We also touch on the issues of sampling bias, suitable sample sizes, and briefly outline a different approach to exploring our hypotheses using Bayesian statistics. Finally, we discuss the limitations and failures of hypothesis testing in statistical practice and outline improvements to this approach. The methods described in this chapter are accompanied by a carefully-explained guide to the R code needed for their use.

We concluded the previous chapter by introducing two methods of inference concerning the parameter vector. Since the Bayesian approach was one of them, we focus here on the competing frequentist or classical approach in its attempt to draw conclusions about the value of this vector. We introduce hypothesis testing, test statistics and their critical regions, size, and power. We then introduce desirable properties (lack of bias, uniformly most powerful test, consistency, invariance with respect to some class of transformations, similarity, admissibility) that help us find optimal tests. The Neyman–Pearson lemma and extensions are introduced. Likelihood ratio (LR), Wald (W), score and Lagrange multiplier (LM) tests are introduced for general hypotheses, including inequality hypotheses for the parameter vector. Monotone LR and the Karlin–Rubin theorem are studied, as is Neyman's structure and its role in finding optimal tests. The exponential family features prominently in the applications. Finally, distribution-free (nonparametric) tests are studied and linked to results in earlier chapters.