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2 results

  • 2 - Basic Concepts

  • Matthew C. H. Tointon, University of Cambridge
  • Book:
    Introduction to Approximate Groups
    Published online:
    31 October 2019
    Print publication:
    14 November 2019, pp 11-34

  • Summary

    We motivate the definitions of sets of small doubling and approximate groups, and introduce their basic properties. We show that random sets of integers (suitably defined) have large expected doubling. We prove Freiman’s theorem that a subset of a group of doubling less than 2/3 is close to a finite subgroup. We prove the Plünnecke–Ruzsa inequalities, Ruzsa’s triangle inequality and Ruzsa’s covering lemma. We motivate in detail the definition of an approximate group, and reduce the study of sets of small doubling to the study of finite approximate groups. We show that the notions of small tripling and approximate group are stable under intersections and group homomorphisms. We introduce Freiman homomorphisms and present their basic properties.

Introduction to Approximate Groups
  • Matthew C. H. Tointon
  • Published online:
    31 October 2019
    Print publication:
    14 November 2019
  • Approximate groups have shot to prominence in recent years, driven both by rapid progress in the field itself and by a varied and expanding range of applications. This text collects, for the first time in book form, the main concepts and techniques into a single, self-contained introduction. The author presents a number of recent developments in the field, including an exposition of his recent result classifying nilpotent approximate groups. The book also features a considerable amount of previously unpublished material, as well as numerous exercises and motivating examples. It closes with a substantial chapter on applications, including an exposition of Breuillard, Green and Tao's celebrated approximate-group proof of Gromov's theorem on groups of polynomial growth. Written by an author who is at the forefront of both researching and teaching this topic, this text will be useful to advanced students and to researchers working in approximate groups and related areas.