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2 results

  • Chapter 27 - Urinary Incontinence

  • from Section 5 - Post-Reproductive Care
  • Edited by Tahir Mahmood, Charles Savona-Ventura, Ioannis Messinis, Sambit Mukhopadhyay
  • Book:
    The EBCOG Postgraduate Textbook of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    Published online:
    24 November 2021
    Print publication:
    02 December 2021, pp 218-226

  • Summary

    Urinary incontinence is a common condition in women. All cases require a basic assessment, while urodynamic studies are indicated in those with complex or refractory symptoms. Initial treatment includes lifestyle advice, behavioural modifications, bladder retraining and pelvic floor muscle training. Synthetic mid-urethral sling procedures have revolutionized stress incontinence surgery and reduced the popularity of ‘traditional’ procedures, such as colposuspensions and pubovaginal slings. With regard to urgency urinary incontinence, antimuscarinic agents are the mainstay of current medical management, while a selective β3-adrenergic receptor agonist (Mirabegron) offers an alternative pharmacological option. Intravesical botulinum toxin and neuromodulation (peripheral or sacral) are available to women with refractory symptoms

  • Chapter 26 - Thyroid disorders

  • from Section 6 - Common medical problems
  • Edited by Jo Ann Rosenfeld, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
  • Book:
    Handbook of Women's Health
    Published online:
    26 December 2009
    Print publication:
    22 October 2009, pp 297-306

  • Summary

    This chapter discusses the risk factors, clinical definitions, diagnosis, and treatment of urinary incontinence (UI) and urinary tract infections (UTIs). In institutionalized women, UI is much more common. Approximately one-half of postmenopausal women develop UI while exercising. The four forms of urinary incontinence include: stress incontinence, urge incontinence, overflow bladder and functional incontinence. There are medical, behavioral, electrical, magnetic, and surgical treatments of UI. Every type of treatment has a success rate of 50% or greater. Family and general physicians can diagnose and treat UI in women with a great deal of efficacy using a history, physical examination and simple test in the office, using a variety of methods including behavioral therapy and medication. The risk factors for recurrent UTI include a personal history of UTI, incontinence, and presence of a cystocele. UTIs are common, and must be identified and treated.