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This textbook is meant for first-year undergraduates majoring in mathematics or disciplines where formal mathematics is important. It will help students to make a smooth transition from high school to undergraduate differential calculus. Beginning with limits and continuity, the book proceeds to discuss derivatives, tangents and normals, maxima and minima, and mean value theorems. It also discusses indeterminate forms, functions of several variables, and partial differentiation. The book ends with a coverage of curvature, asymptotes, singular points, and curve tracing. Concepts are first presented and explained in an informal, intuitive, and conceptual style. They are then covered in the form of a conventional definition, theorem, or proof. Each concept concludes with at least one solved example. Additional solved examples are also provided under the section "More Solved Examples". Practice numerical exercises are included in the chapters so that students can apply the concepts learnt and sharpen their problem-solving skills.
This textbook focuses on general topology. Meant for graduate and senior undergraduate mathematics students, it introduces topology thoroughly from scratch and assumes minimal basic knowledge of real analysis and metric spaces. It begins with thought-provoking questions to encourage students to learn about topology and how it is related to, yet different from, geometry. Using concepts from real analysis and metric spaces, the definition of topology is introduced along with its motivation and importance. The text covers all the topics of topology, including homeomorphism, subspace topology, weak topology, product topology, quotient topology, coproduct topology, order topology, metric topology, and topological properties such as countability axioms, separation axioms, compactness, and connectedness. It also helps to understand the significance of various topological properties in classifying topological spaces.
The Art of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry is an engaging and authoritative account of the essential skills required to practice child and adolescent psychiatry for all those working in children's mental health, from trainees to experienced professionals in paediatrics, psychiatry, psychology, and psychotherapy. The practical tasks of meeting the child and family, planning treatments, and working with colleagues are all covered, building on existing texts that mainly focus on diagnostic criteria, protocols, and laws. This book respects the evidence base, while also pointing out its limitations, and suggests ways in which to deal with these. Psychiatry is placed within broader frameworks including strategy, learning, management, philosophy, ethics, and interpersonal relations. With over 200 educational vignettes of the authors' vast experience in the field, the book is also highly illustrated. The Art of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry is an indispensable guide to thoughtful practice in children's mental health.
Processability theory (PT) is a psycholinguistic theory of second language acquisition. The theory builds on the fundamental assumption that learners can acquire only those linguistic forms and functions which they can process. Therefore, PT is based on the architecture of the human language processor. Processability theory is implemented in a theory of grammar that is compatible with the basic design of the language processor. This Element gives a concise introduction to the psycholinguistic core of PT – showing that PT offers an explanation of language development and variation based on processing constraints that are specified for typologically different languages and that apply to first and second language acquisition, albeit in different ways. They also delineate transfer from the first language and the effect of formal intervention. This Element also covers the main branches of research in the PT framework and provides an introduction to the methodology used in PT-based research.
The elections of Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro, as well as the strengthening of the radical right globally, brought back debates of the similarities and differences between populism and fascism. This volume argues that fascism and populism are similar in so far that they constructed the people as one; understood leadership as embodiment; and performed politics of the extraordinary. They are different because there is a consensus that fascism occurred at a particular historical moment, and what came after was postfascism. There is not such an agreement to restrict populism to a historical moment. These isms also differ in the use of violence to deal with enemies, and on how they constructed their legitimacy using elections or abolishing democracy. Whereas fascism destroyed democracy and replaced elections with plebiscitary acclamation, populists promise to give power back to the people. Yet when in power the logic of populism leads to democratic erosion.
This book presents the foundational physics underlying the generation of high intensity laser light and its interaction with matter. Comprehensive and rigorous, it describes how the strong electric and magnetic fields of a high intensity light pulse can shape the nonlinear dynamics of all forms of matter, from single electrons up to atomic clusters and plasmas. Key equations are derived from first principles and important results are clearly explained, providing readers with a firm understanding of the fundamental concepts that underlie modern strong field physics research. The text concludes with suggestions for further reading, along with an extensive reference list. Effective as both an educational resource and as a reference text, this book will be invaluable to graduates and researchers across the atomic, molecular and optical (AMO) and plasma physics communities.
In early modern Italy, letters were not only written and read but, in some cases, sung. Musical settings of love letters rekindled a complex kind of vocality which was rooted in the letters of antiquity and endured in the musical sub-genre of the lettera amorosa. Epistolary poetry served to transform, or, to echo Achillini's lettera set by Monteverdi (1567–1643), to 'distill' a lover's thoughts and emotions into verse, and the music that set it was equally transformative. The history of musical letters spans several centuries. It begins in the early sixteenth with a setting of Ovid's Heroides by Tromboncino; returns in the early seventeenth through the lettere amorose of Monteverdi, D'India, and Frescobaldi; and ends with epistolary cantatas by Carissimi, Melani, and Domenico Scarlatti. This Element traces the breadth and significance of the musical love letter with a focus on the provocative lettere amorose of the seventeenth century.
This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the social and organizational factors shaping K-16 teachers' cultural learning processes, through both a systematic review of the extant literature on K-12 urban teacher thinking and interviews with instructional staff at a high-performing minority-serving institution (MSI). It highlights common challenges K-16 educators face in navigating cultural differences between themselves and their students. Drawing from cultural psychology, organizational behavior, and organizational psychology, the book offers evidence-based strategies for creating school systems where educators working with students from low-income and other minoritized cultural communities can critically examine and challenge their cultural assumptions to create more inclusive and supportive learning environments for all students, as well as develop and implement more culturally responsive classroom management practices.
Can you trust results from modeling and simulation? This text provides a framework for assessing the reliability of and uncertainty included in the results used by decision makers and policy makers in industry and government. The emphasis is on models described by PDEs and their numerical solution. Procedures and results from all aspects of verification and validation are integrated with modern methods in uncertainty quantification and stochastic simulation. Methods for combining numerical approximation errors, uncertainty in model input parameters, and model form uncertainty are presented in order to estimate the uncertain response of a system in the presence of stochastic inputs and lack of knowledge uncertainty. This new edition has been extensively updated, including a fresh look at model accuracy assessment and the responsibilities of management for modeling and simulation activities. Extra homework problems and worked examples have been added to each chapter, suitable for course use or self-study.
Poetry has always courted suffering. Poets sing their suffering, we've been told, and there can be no poetry without suffering. Louise Glück wasn't too sure about that. Suffering features centrally in her poetry and she discussed its role in poetry in her critical writing, where she often retained the language of poetry as martyrdom. However, she was keen to stress that suffering's part in composition has been misplaced and misunderstood, its function idealised and fetishised. Surveying a wide range of texts about poetry's relationship to suffering, and drawing surprising links between very different voices, this book situates Glück both in the tradition of Rainer Maria Rilke's lyrical suffering and in the tradition of T. S. Eliot's impersonal approach to poetry. Glück's most powerful and characteristic discussion of suffering, it argues, takes place in her 1992 volume, The Wild Iris.
Henry Sidgwick's The Methods of Ethics is one of the most important and influential works in the history of moral philosophy. The Methods of Ethics clarifies and tackles some of the most enduring and difficult problems of morality. It offers readers a high-calibre example of analytical moral philosophy. This Element interprets and critically evaluates select positions and arguments in Sidgwick's The Methods of Ethics. It focuses specifically on Sidgwick's moral epistemology, his argument against common-sense morality, his argument for utilitarianism, his argument for rational egoism, and his argument for what he calls 'the dualism of practical reason', the thesis that utilitarianism and rational egoism are coordinate but conflicting requirements of rationality. Sidgwick's Ethics attempts to acquaint readers with the scholarly and theoretical debates relating to Sidgwick's theses, while providing readers with a greater appreciation of the depth and sophistication of Sidgwick's masterpiece.
The Element challenges histories of the League of Nations that present it as a meaningful if flawed experiment in global governance. Such accounts have largely failed to admit its overriding purpose: not to work towards international cooperation among equally sovereign states, but to claim control over the globe's resources, weapons, and populations for its main showrunners (including the United States) – and not through the gentle arts of persuasion and negotiation but through the direct and indirect use of force and the monopolisation of global military and economic power. The League's advocates framed its innovations, from refugee aid to disarmament, as manifestations of its commitment to an obvious universal good and, often, as a series of technocratic, scientific solutions to the problems of global disorder. But its practices shored up the dominance of the western victors and preserved longstanding structures of international power and civilizational-racial hierarchy. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Shared leadership entails a dynamic, interactive influence process among groups and teams. Whereas traditional models of leadership emphasize the importance of vertical leadership as a role occupied by an individual in a designated position, shared leadership emphasizes the importance of leadership as an unfolding social process, shifting the influence to the person with the most relevant knowledge, skills and abilities, juxtaposed against the emerging task related requirements. Research shows that shared leadership is a robust predictor of group, team and organizational outcomes across a variety of organizations, industries and cultural contexts. In fact, shared leadership is a better predictor of outcomes than vertical leadership. This Element provides a comprehensive review of the research on shared leadership, and points to promising directions for the future, in terms of both research and the practical application of shared leadership in action. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Health Law as Private Law delves into the complex relationship between private law and health care. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of public ordering and state-created rules was evident, yet this work reveals the equally important role of private agreements in shaping health care policy. The volume's five sections – theory and structure, reproductive care, costs and financing, innovation and institutions, contracts and torts – include innovative conceptualizations and approaches to applying private law to health law. Chapters authored by leading experts explore how private law can be utilized to address significant health care and public health problems, and to achieve much-needed health care reform. Comprehensive and timely, Health Law as Private Law opens new pathways that will influence future policy, jurisprudence, and regulation. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
Highly original and insightful, Billig and Marinho's book investigates how politicians misuse official statistics. Setting this problem in its historical context – and offering vivid case studies of Donald Trump, Boris Johnson and Gérald Darmanin – the authors demonstrate that the manipulation of statistics involves the misuse of words as well as the misuse of numbers. Most importantly, the authors show that politicians will manipulate official statisticians to produce politically convenient, but statistically inappropriate, numbers. Another unique part of the book is that the authors are not content with analysing how statistics are manipulated, but they also rigorously analyse the efforts of statistical agencies in France and Britain to combat such manipulation. The chapters herald unsung heroes who operate largely 'behind the scenes' to expose and oppose the corruption of statistics. An indispensable read for anyone concerned with the intersection of power and data.
Fanny Price, in Mansfield Park, tells her persistent suitor that 'we have all a better guide in ourselves...than any other person can be'. Sometimes, however, we crave external guidance: and when this happens we could do worse than seek it in Jane Austen's own subtle novels. Written to coincide with Austen's 250th birthday, this approachable and intimate work shows why and how - for over half a century - Austen has inspired and challenged its author through different phases of her life. Part personal memoir, part expert interaction with all the letters, manuscripts and published novels, Janet Todd's book reveals what living with Jane Austen has meant to her and what it might also mean to others. Todd celebrates the undimmable power of Austen's work to help us understand our own bodies and our environment, and teach us about patience, humour, beauty and the meaning of home.