Fungi in the Environment

doi:10.1017/CBO9780511541797

Fungi are of fundamental importance in the terrestrial environment. They have roles as decomposers, plant pathogens, symbionts, and in elemental cycles. Fungi are often dominant, and in soil can comprise the largest pool of biomass (including other microorganisms and invertebrates). They also play a role in maintenance of soil structure due to their filamentous growth habit and exopolymer production. Despite their important roles in the biosphere, fungi are frequently neglected within broader environmental and microbiological spheres. Additionally, mycological interests can be somewhat fragmented between traditional subject boundaries. This multi-disciplinary volume explores the roles and importance of fungi in the environment. Particular emphasis is given to major research advances made in recent years as a result of molecular and genomic approaches, and in cell imaging and biology. Drawing together microbiologists, mycologists, and environmental scientists, this work is a unique account of modern environmental mycology, and a pivotal contribution to the field.

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-iv
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Contents
pp v-vii
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List of contributors
pp viii-xvi
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Preface
pp xvii-xx
- By Geoffrey Michael Gadd, Professor of Microbiology and Head of the Division of Environmental and Applied Biology, University of Dundee, Sarah C. Watkinson, Research Lecturer, Department of Plant Sciences; Tutor in Biology, St Hilda's College, University of Oxford, Paul S. Dyer, Lecturer, School of Biology, University of Nottingham
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I - Imaging and modelling of fungi in the environment
pp 1-2
- By Geoffrey Michael Gadd, Professor of Microbiology and Head of the Division of Environmental and Applied Biology, University of Dundee, Sarah C. Watkinson, Research Lecturer, Department of Plant Sciences; Tutor in Biology, St Hilda's College, University of Oxford, Paul S. Dyer, Lecturer, School of Biology, University of Nottingham
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1 - Imaging complex nutrient dynamics in mycelial networks
pp 3-21
- By Daniel P. Bebber, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Monika Tlalka, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Juliet Hynes, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Peter R. Darrah, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Anne Ashford, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sarah C. Watkinson, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Lynne Boddy, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Mark D. Fricker, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford
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2 - Natural history of the fungal hypha: how Woronin bodies support a multicellular lifestyle
pp 22-37
- By Gregory Jedd, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore
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3 - Environmental sensing and the filamentous fungal lifestyle
pp 38-57
- By Nick D. Read, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh
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4 - Berkeley Award Lecture: Mathematical modelling of the form and function of fungal mycelia
pp 58-74
- By Fordyce A. Davidson, Division of Mathematics, University of Dundee
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II - Functional ecology of saprotrophic fungi
pp 75-76
- By Geoffrey Michael Gadd, Professor of Microbiology and Head of the Division of Environmental and Applied Biology, University of Dundee, Sarah C. Watkinson, Research Lecturer, Department of Plant Sciences; Tutor in Biology, St Hilda's College, University of Oxford, Paul S. Dyer, Lecturer, School of Biology, University of Nottingham
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5 - Mineral transformations and biogeochemical cycles: a geomycological perspective
pp 77-111
- By Geoffrey M. Gadd, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Euan P. Burford, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Marina Fomina, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Karrie Melville, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee
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6 - Mycelial responses in heterogeneous environments: parallels with macroorganisms
pp 112-140
- By Lynne Boddy, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, T. Hefin Jones, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University
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7 - Natural abundance of 15N and 13C in saprotrophic fungi: what can they tell us?
pp 141-158
- By Andy F. S. Taylor, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Petra M. A. Fransson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala
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III - Mutualistic interactions in the environment
pp 159-160
- By Geoffrey Michael Gadd, Professor of Microbiology and Head of the Division of Environmental and Applied Biology, University of Dundee, Sarah C. Watkinson, Research Lecturer, Department of Plant Sciences; Tutor in Biology, St Hilda's College, University of Oxford, Paul S. Dyer, Lecturer, School of Biology, University of Nottingham
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8 - Mycorrhizas and the terrestrial carbon cycle: roles in global carbon sequestration and plant community composition
pp 161-184
- By Jonathan R. Leake, Department of Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield
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9 - Water relations in lichens
pp 185-200
- By Rosmarie Honegger, Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich
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10 - Development of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis: insights from genomics
pp 201-224
- By Jinyuan Liu, Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York, Melina Lopez-Meyer, Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York, Ignacio Maldonado-Mendoza, Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York, Maria J. Harrison, Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York
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IV - Pathogenic interactions in the environment
pp 225-226
- By Geoffrey Michael Gadd, Professor of Microbiology and Head of the Division of Environmental and Applied Biology, University of Dundee, Sarah C. Watkinson, Research Lecturer, Department of Plant Sciences; Tutor in Biology, St Hilda's College, University of Oxford, Paul S. Dyer, Lecturer, School of Biology, University of Nottingham
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11 - Functional genomics of plant infection by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea
pp 227-254
- By Joanna M. Jenkinson, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Richard A. Wilson, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Zachary Cartwright, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Darren M. Soanes, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Michael J. Kershaw, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Nicholas J. Talbot, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter
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12 - Exploring the interaction between nematode-trapping fungi and nematodes by using DNA microarrays
pp 255-268
- By Anders Tunlid, Department of Microbial Ecology, Lund University
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13 - Role of α(1-3)-glucan in Aspergillus fumigatus and other human fungal pathogens
pp 269-288
- By Anne Beauvais, Aspergillus Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, David S. Perlin, Public Health Research Institute, Newark, New Jersey, Jean Paul Latgé, Aspergillus Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris
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14 - Plagues upon houses and cars: the unnatural history of Meruliporia incrassata, Serpula lacrymans and Sphaerobolus stellatus
pp 289-310
- By Nicholas P. Money, Department of Botany, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
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V - Environmental population genetics of fungi
pp 311-312
- By Geoffrey Michael Gadd, Professor of Microbiology and Head of the Division of Environmental and Applied Biology, University of Dundee, Sarah C. Watkinson, Research Lecturer, Department of Plant Sciences; Tutor in Biology, St Hilda's College, University of Oxford, Paul S. Dyer, Lecturer, School of Biology, University of Nottingham
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15 - Fungal species: thoughts on their recognition, maintenance and selection
pp 313-339
- By John W. Taylor, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Elizabeth Turner, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Anne Pringle, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Jeremy Dettman, Department of Botany, University of Toronto, Hanna Johannesson, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Uppsala University
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16 - Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) in fungi
pp 340-354
- By Matthew C. Fisher, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, London
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VI - Molecular ecology of fungi in the environment
pp 355-356
- By Geoffrey Michael Gadd, Professor of Microbiology and Head of the Division of Environmental and Applied Biology, University of Dundee, Sarah C. Watkinson, Research Lecturer, Department of Plant Sciences; Tutor in Biology, St Hilda's College, University of Oxford, Paul S. Dyer, Lecturer, School of Biology, University of Nottingham
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17 - Fungi in the hidden environment: the gut of beetles
pp 357-370
- By Meredith Blackwell, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Sung-Oui Suh, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, James B. Nardi, Department of Entomology, University of Illinois
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18 - A saltmarsh decomposition system and its ascomycetous laccase genes
pp 371-378
- By Steven Y. Newell, The University of Georgia – Marine Institute, Justine I. Lyons, The University of Georgia – Marine Institute, Mary Ann Moran, The University of Georgia – Marine Institute
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Index
pp 379-386
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Fungi in the Environment

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-iv

Contents
pp v-vii

List of contributors
pp viii-xvi

Preface
pp xvii-xx

I - Imaging and modelling of fungi in the environment
pp 1-2

1 - Imaging complex nutrient dynamics in mycelial networks
pp 3-21

2 - Natural history of the fungal hypha: how Woronin bodies support a multicellular lifestyle
pp 22-37

3 - Environmental sensing and the filamentous fungal lifestyle
pp 38-57

4 - Berkeley Award Lecture: Mathematical modelling of the form and function of fungal mycelia
pp 58-74

II - Functional ecology of saprotrophic fungi
pp 75-76

5 - Mineral transformations and biogeochemical cycles: a geomycological perspective
pp 77-111

6 - Mycelial responses in heterogeneous environments: parallels with macroorganisms
pp 112-140

7 - Natural abundance of 15N and 13C in saprotrophic fungi: what can they tell us?
pp 141-158

III - Mutualistic interactions in the environment
pp 159-160

8 - Mycorrhizas and the terrestrial carbon cycle: roles in global carbon sequestration and plant community composition
pp 161-184

9 - Water relations in lichens
pp 185-200

10 - Development of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis: insights from genomics
pp 201-224

IV - Pathogenic interactions in the environment
pp 225-226

11 - Functional genomics of plant infection by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea
pp 227-254

12 - Exploring the interaction between nematode-trapping fungi and nematodes by using DNA microarrays
pp 255-268

13 - Role of α(1-3)-glucan in Aspergillus fumigatus and other human fungal pathogens
pp 269-288

14 - Plagues upon houses and cars: the unnatural history of Meruliporia incrassata, Serpula lacrymans and Sphaerobolus stellatus
pp 289-310

V - Environmental population genetics of fungi
pp 311-312

15 - Fungal species: thoughts on their recognition, maintenance and selection
pp 313-339

16 - Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) in fungi
pp 340-354

VI - Molecular ecology of fungi in the environment
pp 355-356

17 - Fungi in the hidden environment: the gut of beetles
pp 357-370

18 - A saltmarsh decomposition system and its ascomycetous laccase genes
pp 371-378

Index
pp 379-386

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