Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T14:37:35.573Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Centering the relationship between structural racism and individual bias

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 May 2022

Agustín Fuentes Open the ORCID record for Agustín Fuentes [Opens in a new window] ,
Laurence Ralph  and
Dorothy E. Roberts
Agustín Fuentes
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA. afuentes2@princeton.edu (primary contact), lralph@princeton.edu, https://anthropology.princeton.edu/people/faculty/agustin-fuentes, https://laurenceralphauthor.com
Laurence Ralph
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA. afuentes2@princeton.edu (primary contact), lralph@princeton.edu, https://anthropology.princeton.edu/people/faculty/agustin-fuentes, https://laurenceralphauthor.com
Dorothy E. Roberts
Affiliation:
Carey Law School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. dorothyroberts@law.upenn.edu, https://www.law.upenn.edu/cf/faculty/roberts1/
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Cesario misrepresents or ignores data on real-world racist and sexist patterns and processes in an attempt to discredit the assumptions of implicit bias experimentation. His position stands in stark contradiction to substantive research across the social sciences recognizing the widespread, systematic, and structuring processes of racism and sexism. We argue for centering the relationship between structural racism and individual bias.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 45 , 2022 , e76
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amutah, C., Greenidge, K., Mante, A., Munyikwa, M., Surya, S. L., Higginbotham, E. … Aysola, S. (2021). Misrepresenting race – The role of medical schools in propagating physician bias. New England Journal of Medicine, 384, 872–878. doi: 10.1056/NEJMms2025768.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bailey, Z. D., Feldman, J. M., & Bassett, M. T. (2021). How structural racism works – Racist policies as a root cause of U.S. Racial health inequities. New England Journal of Medicine, 384, 768–773. doi: 10.1056/NEJMms2025396.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beliso De Jesús, A. M. (2020). The jungle academy: Molding white supremacy in American police recruits. American Anthropologist, 122(1), 143–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dror, I., Melinek, J., Arden, J. L., Kukucka, J., Hawkins, S., Carter, J., & Atherton, D. S. (2021). Cognitive bias in forensic pathology decisions. Journal of Forensic Science, 66(5), 1751–1757. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14697.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dunham, R. G., & Petersen, N. (2017). Making black lives matter: Evidence-based policies for reducing police bias in the use of deadly force. Criminology & Public Policy, 16, 341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
FBI UCR. (n.d.). 2019 Crime in the United States. https://ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u.s/2019/crime-in-the-u.s.-2019/tables/table-43.Google Scholar
Gordon, D. (2020). The police as place-consolidators: The organizational amplification of urban inequality. Law & Social Inquiry, 45(1), 1–27. doi: 10.1017/lsi.2019.31CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grusky, D. (2019). Social stratification, class, race, and gender in sociological perspective. Routledge.Google Scholar
Healey, J. F., Stepnick, A., & Eileen, O. (2008). Race, ethnicity, gender, and class: The sociology of group conflict and change. Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Hehman, E., Flake, J. K., & Calanchini, J. (2018). Disproportionate use of lethal force in policing is associated with regional racial biases of residents. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 9(4), 393–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krieger, N. (2020). Measures of racism, sexism, heterosexism, and gender binarism for health equity research: From structural injustice to embodied harm – An ecosocial analysis. Annual Review of Public Health, 41(1), 37–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pager, D., & Shepherd, H. (2008). The sociology of discrimination: Racial discrimination in employment, housing, credit, and consumer markets. Annual Review of Sociology, 34(2008), 181–209.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ralph, L. (2019). The logic of the slave patrol: The fantasy of black predatory violence and the use of force by the police. Palgrave Communications, 5, 130. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-019-0333-7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, D. R., & Rollins, O. (2020). Why sociology matters to race and biosocial science. Annual Review of Sociology, 46(1), 195–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosa, J., & Díaz, V. (2020), Raciontologies: Rethinking anthropological accounts of institutional racism and enactments of white supremacy in the United States. American Anthropologist, 122, 120–132. https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.13353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schlosser, M. D. (2013). Racial attitudes of police recruits in the United States Midwest Police Academy: A quantitative examination. International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences, 8(2), 215.Google Scholar
Small, M. L., & Pager, D. (2020). Sociological perspectives on racial discrimination. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 34(2), 49–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swencionis, J. K., & Goff, P. A. (2017). The psychological science of racial bias and policing. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 23(4), 398.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waldman, K. (2014). Demons and Supervillains: The Language of Darren Wilson's Grand Jury Testimony. https://slate.com/human-interest/2014/11/the-language-of-darren-wilson-s-testimony-close-reading-the-demons-and-supervillains.html.Google Scholar