Delirium is a common clinical syndrome characterized by acute disruption of all cognitive and behavioural functions.

– Draw up an epidemiological and clinical profile of patients hospitalised for delirium;

– Assess different pathologies involved.

We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study, in the neurology department at Habib Bourguiba university hospital, Sfax, Tunisia, at the period from 2009 to 2013. We included 52 patients hospitalised for delirium. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected from patient files.

The mean age was 66.5 years. The majority (73.1%) were elderly patients (> = 60 years). Sex-ratio (M/F) was 1.73. It was the first episode in 96.2%.

Medical histories were cardiovascular in 55.8%, endocrinal in 25%, neurological in 11.5% and psychiatric in 13.5%. The beginning of the signs was brutal in 55.8% of cases. The reported symptoms were: disorientation in time and space (76.9%) and behaviour disturbance (63.5%), memory disorder (23.1%), headaches (26.9%) and hallucinations (17.3%). Organic etiologies were noted in 75% of cases: vascular 42.30%, metabolic 11.50%, infectious 11.5%, tumoral 3.9% and iatrogenic 3.8%. Delirium grafted on dementia was retained in 5.8% of cases.

Delirium is associated with increased mortality. Its prevention is essential and requires recognition of risk situations.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Hydrocephalus is a neurological disease caused by excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid following an abnormal secretion, circulation and absorption. It is considered the most common reversible cause of dementia but still an underestimated cause of psychiatric disorders.

Highlighting the possible association of hydrocephalus in some psychiatric disorders and know how to adapt the management of this co-morbidity.

He is Mr O.Y, aged 27, unmarried, his parents divorced, lives with his mother. He had surgery in 2012 to the orthopedic service for disabling scoliosis. No significant psychiatric family history. Discovery of a tri ventricular hydrocephalus in 2011 requiring regular monitoring neurology.

Indeed Mr O.Y followed the CMP for a mood disorder requiring antidepressant treatment based. The evolution of disorder was marked by the installation of a hallucinatory and delusional syndrome motivating several hospitalizations and relapses iterative partial response to various therapies.

Mr O.Y was received a ventricular shunt within the sound hydrocephalus.

The postoperative course was marked a progressive amendment acoustic verbal hallucinations and delusions of persecution.

The conduct was to gradually reduce the dose of antipsychotic (Risperdal) to the stop. No recurrence pathological productions.

Psychiatric disorders may mark the evolution of hydrocephalus. Share against the indications and side effects of some psychotropic drugs, the management of this co-morbidity may be difficult. Further studies are needed to better elucidate causality for this association and to develop appropriate therapeutic consensus.

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

To describe the use and abuse of alcohol, cigarettes and street drugs in nursing degree students of Alfredo Pinto nursing school at federal university of state of Rio de Janeiro.

cross-sectional and descriptive data of first and final year students enrolled in a nursing degree course. One hundred and seventeen students took part in a questionnaire, providing sociodemographic information and completed the alcohol smoking and substance screening test (ASSIST). A double variant and chi-squared analysis and Fisher's exact test was performed.

One hundred and seventeen students participated. Of the first year students 82% (n = 73) were woman; 61% (n = 54); 18–20 years old; 43% (n = 38) were white and 40% (n = 36) had parents that identified as Roman-Catholic. The students in their last year: 89% (n = 25) woman; 54% (n = 15) aged between 21–23 years old; 70% (n = 20) are white and 71% (n = 20) have roman-catholic parents. That is a high prevalence of alcohol use: 84% (n = 75) in the first year and 78% in the last year had used alcohol. 24% (n = 21) had smoked during their first year and 18% (n = 5) during the last year. It was found that the consumption of street drugs during early years of university is correlated to the age (P = 0.033) and the religious orientation by parents (P = 0.047).

Universities responsibility towards their students, and students involvement with their learning process are factors that lead to changes in attitudes, beliefs and knowledge that are so important in maintaining healthy habits and lifestyle in line with what is taught in a nursing degree.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Modern selfie-infatuation extent went far beyond fashion and subculture causing distinct tendency to non-chemical addiction state transformation requiring evidential scientific identification.

To develop clinical-psychological and classification basis for new type of gadget addiction (selfie-mania), prevention and approaches to mental correction and rehabilitation.

Selfie attitude testing of 157 respondents-students, and internet resources topical data analysis were done.

Behaviour models were rubricated, design and content, causes, clinical-psychological description, selfie-phenomenon prevalence were clarified. It allows to state selfie-addiction specific key symptoms, conforming to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for addiction states:

– psychological and emotional supercomfort feeling during realizing selfie-interventions (substantional analogue of euphoria phenomenon caused by psychoactive substances in narcology);

– desire for permanent updating and layouting in social networks selfie-portraits, selfie-positions (impulse control disorder analogue);

– selfie-modifying need causing adrenaline extreme and life threat (analogues: compulsive craving, megadoses, overdosages, amnesias);

– obsessive craving to increase daily number of selfie-shots (tolerance syndrome analogue);

– constant foreshortening change of selfie-interventions (analogue: experimentation with different psychoactive substances, searching behaviour);

– selfie-destruction psychopathological consequences (neurotism, mental and behavioural disorders, group pattern of behavioural selfie-deviations);

– formation of associated comorbid chemical and other substantional addiction forms;

– selfie-deprivation syndrome (analogue: alcohol or drug withdrawal syndrome);

– interdisciplinary range of problems (professional sphere of study for sociologists, psychologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, narcologists, psychotherapists, sexopathologists, lawyers).

Selfie-addiction problem recognition is necessary on the level of inclusion to ICD, that will allow to develop scientific, legal and clinical base for integrated prevention, rehabilitation and treatment.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The study of psychological mechanisms motivating perception of internet space via selfie.

The identification of:

– The personal-social necessity in selfie, as a method of the virtual world perception;

– The factors of personal-social necessity of the virtual communication via selfie;

– The personal features, which contribute to self-presentation in virtual space via selfie.

One hundred and thirty-four respondents aging between16–28 (1stgroup: 68 respondents fond of selfie(50.8%), 2ndgroup: 66 respondents not fond of selfie(49.2%)) were studied using standardized scales of anxiety (Spilberger-Hanin), depression (Zung), ego-defense mechanisms(EGMs)(Plutchik-Kellerman-Konte), and life quality(WHO, 1991).

Desire of high evaluation dominates in 47.8% of respondents(r = 0.3; P < 0.01). Fifty point seven percent of the 1stgroup and13.4% in 2ndgroup have heightened anxiety (r = 0.3; P < 0.01). Forty-three point two percent in1stgroup and 23.9% in 2ndgroup don’t have depression.

Subdepressive level dominates in 19,4% of 2ndgroup(r = 0.36; P < 0.01), against 11.9% of 1stgroup.

In 1stgroup dominate: denial (17.9%), projection (16.4%), regression (7.5%); in 2ndgroup: denial(17.9%), intellectualization(13.4%), projection(7.5%)(P < 0.05). Forty-four point eight percent in 1stgroup and 40.3% in 2ndgroup have a high level of EGM stress (P < 0.05). Forty-six point eight percent in 1stgroup have high level of subjective life quality, 0% had low one; in 2ndgroup: 26.9% have high level, 13.4% low one.

Personal-social necessity of virtual space perception via selfie reflects the severity of narcissistic tendencies. Selfie in conditions of illusory reality increases the subjective level of life quality. Isolation of narcissistic personality from communication through selfie suggests subjective decrease of life quality. Effects of the selfie should be considered in the development of rational methods of use of internet-technologies and in the psycho-correction of people with low life quality.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The interest for academic background and investigational activities are essential in psychiatry. Several European-wide, early career psychiatrists-driven studies have been carried out completely independently, leading to high quality publications, where all the co-authors are junior researchers.

To further elaborate the European federation of psychiatric trainees (EFPT) platform of promoting the experience of collaborative work and research lead by psychiatric trainees in different countries all over Europe.

A review of EFPT collaborative trainee-led research initiatives since the beginning with the focus on published articles and their impact on psychiatric community in Europe.

Main topics of trainee research are related to postgraduate psychiatric training schemes in Europe raising awareness on enhancing and harmonizing standards of psychiatric education and training across Europe. Other research topics are related to treatment strategies while being a psychiatric in Europe, to migration and “brain drain” phenomenon of psychiatric trainees in Europe, to access to information in psychiatric training.

International cooperation's in research should be promoted since the training. Joining professional associations provides opportunities for participating in research activities and establishing networks with other colleagues. Collaboration between psychiatric trainees ensures a more effective use of individual talents and a quick way of accessing and transferring new knowledge and research expertise. Moreover it provides a supportive framework for multi-center research.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Yoga is an ancient system of concepts and practices designed to address problems of the mind and body, codified during the few centuries BCE in India. Yoga has become increasingly popular in the West during the past half century, and its practice in various forms is now widespread. Along with mindfulness-based techniques, yoga is increasingly seen as compatible with Western therapeutic methods of approaching physical and mental illness.

To introduce the audience to the yoga model of the mind, and to show how it is both compatible with and complementary to Western models, including psychoanalytic and cognitive behavioral.

We will explore how this ancient system can be introduced into clinical practice, and in what ways it can accelerate the process of psychotherapy and psychological change.

This talk will include a review of yoga theory, including the causes of suffering and its resolution. We will explore roadblocks in treatment and how daily practices can accelerate the process of growth and change.

Yoga can be a very helpful adjunct to a psychiatric practice, in addition to medications and psychotherapy.

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

To investigate the effect of saikosaponin B2 on the damage of cultured SH-SY5Y cells.

10% calf serum including volume fraction 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 saikosaponin B2 (10−4mol·L−1) were added respectively into the SH-SY5Y cells, which were then treated with 140 μmol· L−1 hydrogen peroxide(H2O2). 10% calf serum group and blank serum without H2O2-treated group were as the model group and the control group. The effect of saikosaponin B2 was observed by morphological identification, colorimetric MTT assay.

Both saikosaponin B2 of 10−6mol·L−1 and 2 × 10−6mol·L−1 can relieve the damage of SH-SY5Y cells and increase the survival of the cells.

saikosaponin B2 can protect the cultured SH-SY5Y cells from damage induced by H2O2.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Many of contemporary studies of procrastination were conducted with healthy students. Only a few investigators analyzed procrastination's connection with personal features (self-esteem), socio-psychological parameters (aggression, well-being). Researchers do not consider procrastination as a personal factor in patients with different mental disorders. Most of procrastination's researches are related to affective spectrum disorders (depression), often found in the student's environment.

Male and female students (aged 18–25). Normal group–61. Experimental group - 54 patients of psychiatric clinic, divided to diagnosis: schizophrenia F20.01, bipolar disorder F31 and personality disorder F60.

Study of procrastination combined with personal characteristics (self-esteem, aggression) on young people: normal and with endogenous pathology.

Procrastination assessment scale-students (PASS) by L.J. Solomon, E.D. Rothblum; Rosenzweig Picture Frustration Test; E. Wagner's The Hand Test; Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; Self-esteem by Dembo-Rubinstein. Multiple linear regressions were used as method of data assessment.

Assessment of obtained data allowed to distinguish some different models of connections parameters of PASS and other tests. These models differ in comparing groups. Healthy students: multidimensional model of communication procrastination and personality parameters harmoniously combined personal and socio-psychological parameters. Schizophrenia: fewer models, mostly one-dimensional structure (identified only communication based on personal parameters). Bipolar disorder: one or two dimensional model (include mainly characteristics of aggression and self-rated health). Personality disorders: some mono and multi-dimensional models, their structure and content are very close to normative sample.

Procrastination is consider as common phenomenon at young people.

Connections PASS and personal features differ according to disease.

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Patients with chronic pain are more likely to develop depression, which is associated with decreased function, poorer treatment response and poor quality of life.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression in patients with chronic pain.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among clinically diagnosed chronic pain patients from the pain management ward of La Rabta hospital in Tunisia over a period of six months.

Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from patients’ interviews and medical records.

The Beck depression inventory (BDI) was used for screening depression diagnoses and the Visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess the severity of pain.

The sample included 102 patients with a mean age of 46.4 ± 10.4 years. The majority of the patients were females (72.5%, n = 74), married (83.3%, n = 85) and being employed (58.8%, n = 60). The prevalence of depression was (40.1%, n = 41). The mean duration of pain was 3.6 ± 1.5 years. The severity of pain was mild in 28 cases (19.3%), moderate in 36 cases (31.3%) and severe in 38 cases (49.4%). Depression was significantly associated with the duration of pain (P < 0.01). A positive correlation was observed between pain severity assessed by VAS and BDI (r = 0.521, P = 001). Depression was significantly associated with the duration of pain (P < 0.01).

Depression is frequent in patients who suffer from chronic pain and it was significantly associated with the duration and the severity of pain. Antidepressants and psychological therapies can be effective and should be delivered as part of a multidisciplinary pain management plan.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Chronic pain and its estimate in general population varies widely depending on the area and population studied. It is concluded that exerts effects on both physical and mental health, either in the patient or his family, in addition to its social cost to influence activities of daily living, employment and economic welfare of a significant proportion of the general population, constituting one of the main reasons for medical consultation.

Hypothesis: The painful perception is an operant behaviour. Subjects Six subjects (S): 5 females and 1 male, aged between 56 and 72 years Diagnosis ICD-10: R52.2 chronic pain of neuropathic origin. Material soundproof booth with audiometer Maico MA52.

Experimental single case.

Independent variable: behaviour modification treatment by differential molding using auditory stimulation as discriminative stimulus. Dependent variable: pain perception scale of 0-100%. Analysiscomparisons using non-parametric test, significance at P < 0.05.

Table 1.M (Media), SD (Standard deviation)

Six replications of behavioural experiment were performed. All show statistical significance. Generalization occurs in 83%. The hypothesis is confirmed and effectiveness of the treatment protocol was concluded; however the line of work should continue.

Table 1

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Study is aimed at evaluating the effects of ketamine and magnesium sulphate on acute nociceptive pain in rats and examination whether magnesium sulfate added to ketamine or morphine-ketamine combination produces higher level of analgesia.

Analgesic activity was assessed by tail-immersion test in male Wistar rats (200–250 g).

Magnesium sulfate (2.5–60 mg/kg, s.c.) and ketamine (2.5-30 mg/kg, i.p.) given alone did not produce any effect on antinociception. However, there is a synergistic interaction between ketamine (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg) and magnesium sulfate (5 mg/kg). Both ketamine and magnesium sulfate, as well as their combination potentiated the antinociceptive effect of morphine (2.6 mg/kg, i.p.).

This study revealed potentiation of ketamine and morphine-ketamine combination by magnesium sulphate in tail-immersion test in rats with higher activity when ketamine is given before magnesium sulfate. It is first time to demonstrate the synergistic interaction between magnesium sulphate and ketamine in lowering body temperature and in antinociception with statistical confirmation.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

In this study, a list of demographic details and a list of psychiatric diagnoses of patients who presented to physical therapy and rehabilitation outpatients clinics of Erenköy state hospital for physical medicine and rehabilitation and were diagnosed with fibromyalgia were investigated.

The study sample included patients who presented to outpatient clinics of the department of physical therapy and rehabilitation and the department of psychiatry in the hospital in 2015 and patients who were diagnosed with fibromyalgia (FMS) in the outpatient clinic of department of physical therapy and rehabilitation and also presented to the outpatients’ clinics of psychiatry department. SCID-Mood Module and HAM-D were used during psychiatric assessment of the patients.

It was determined that a total of 5225 patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia were examined in physical therapy and rehabilitation outpatient clinics in 2015. Of these, 183 patients also presented to the psychiatric outpatients clinic and were diagnosed with a psychiatric diagnoses. In this study, a list of demographic details and a list of psychiatric diagnoses of these 183 patients were made. The results were compared with the literature.

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Understanding factors that determine the choice of a specialty among junior doctors are crucial for career counseling and candidates selection. Most studies focused on working hours, income and other lifestyle factors. However, few studies have explored the role of personality traits of the doctors in influencing specialty choice.

To examine the relation between personality traits and specialty choice among residents at Oman Medical Specialty Board (OMSB).

Residents from different specialties were invited to participate in this study by completing Eysenck Personality Questionnaire – Revised (EPQ-R) and Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) & Behavioral Activation System (BAS) scale.

A total of 255 residents participated in the study (M = 40%, F = 60%). Surgical residents scored significantly higher on the Psychoticism sub-scale (P-value, 0.002) and the Behavioral Activation System (BAS) scale compared to nonsurgical residents (P-value, 0.05). On the other hand, medical residents scored higher in Behavioral Inhibition System sub-scale suggesting a tendency towards avoidance of anxiety-provoking situation (P = 0.023). Concerning neuroticism trait, psychiatrists had the lowest score indicating more emotional stability. Residents from diagnostic specialties score the highest in BAS–Fun seeking with a difference reaching the level of statistical significance.

The findings of this study suggest a possible correlation between career choice and personality traits. Therefore, adapting a well-constructed, efficient and standardized selection approach is of great importance. A reasonable framework for conceptualizing specialty choice would be recognizing one's own personality traits along with exploring social and technical factors related to a particular specialty.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Psychological entitlement can be conceived as a disposition to believe that one deserves or is entitled to more than others. This pervasive sense has a wide impact on social behaviour, namely undesirable social outcomes. Given these theoretical implications on self-concept and interpersonal functioning, Campbell and Bonacci developed a shorter questionnaire of the Psychological Entitlement Scale (PES) to evaluate this construct by reducing from the original version from 57 to 9 items.

To investigate the psychometric properties of Psychological Entitlement Portuguese version.

A community sample composed of 286 university students (69.2% females; mean age = 21.09 ± 2.133; range: 17–33) answered the Portuguese preliminary versions of the PES, of the Dirty Dozen and of the honesty-humility dimension from the HEXACO-100.

The PES Cronbach alpha was “very good” (a = 0.75). Following Kaiser and Cattel Scree Plot criteria, only one factor was extracted (explained variance = 35.46%), meaning that the scale is unidimensional. Pearson correlation coefficient of between PES and narcissism (r = 0.36), psychopathy (r = 0.21) and Machiavelism (r = 0.24) were positive, moderate and significant (P < 0.01). Pearson correlation between PES and honesty-humility was negative, moderate and significant (r = −0.43 P < 0.05).

The Portuguese version of PES present good internal consistency and convergent-divergent validity. Because we consider that psychological entitlement reflects a stable disposition, it is our intent to analyze PES temporal stability within the ongoing research project on the relationship between perfectionism and other personality traits. PES could be very useful both in clinical and research contexts.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The Dark Triad is a term used to describe a constellation of three socially undesirable personality traits: narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. Contrary to Altruism (the desire to help others with no personal reward or gain), these traits are harmful to others. Given the increased scientific interest on the dark triad, Jonason and Webster developed a shorter questionnaire to evaluate these three independent-yet-related constructs with only 12 items – Dirty Dozen (D12).

To investigate the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Dirty Dozen.

A community sample composed of 286 university students (69.2% females; mean age = 21.09 ± 2.133; range: 17–33) answered the Portuguese preliminary versions of the Dirty Dozen and of the Altruism dimension from HEXACO-100. To study the temporal stability, 30 participants (66.7% females) answered the D12 again after six weeks.

The EA Cronbach alpha was “very good” (a = 0.72). Following Kaiser and Cattel Scree Plot criteria, three meaningful factors were extracted which explained variance (EV) was of 54.64%: F1 Machiavellianism (EV 32.07%; a = 0.73), F2 Narcissism (13.665%; a = 0.74), F3 Psychopathy (8.90%; a = 0.64). The test-retest correlation coefficients were high, positive and significant for the total D12 and its dimensions (r > 0.70; P < 0.001). Pearson correlations of D12 total and dimensional scores and Altruism were negative, moderate and significant (r@ − 0.30).

The Portuguese version of Dirty Dozen has good reliability and validity. It could be very useful both in clinical and research contexts, namely in an ongoing project on the relationship between dark triad and perfectionism traits.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The narcissistic perversion is a psychoanalytical term resulting from the association of 2 Freudian notions: perversion and narcissism. The concept of narcissistic pervert has no clinical validity. The companions of the narcissistic perverts undergo moral suffering, often unknown by their entourage.

We suggest studying the trajectory of life of two wives of narcissistic perverts.

Emphasize the peculiarities of the narcissistic perverse personality.

We are going to postpone 2 clinical cases of spouses of narcissistic perverts.

Case 1: Mrs. A., 60-year-old, divorced once. Mother of a girl. She met her current husband during the marriage of her daughter. At the beginning of their common life, Mr. M. was loving and in the small care with his wife. After three months of the marriage, Mrs. A. reported the change of character of her husband who became aggressive, decreasing her and taking her away from her family. He seized all her goods. She is actually getting a divorce.

Case 2: Mrs. R., 27-year-old, married Mr. C. after 9 months of knowledge. At the beginning of their marriage, they had a good agreement. Forced to stay at home to take care only of domestic spots, she reported a real-life experience of neglect and emotional carelessness, she felt belittled and isolated. At present engaged in a divorce procedure after been physically assaulted threatened with death.

Both women consulted for depression.

The narcissistic perversion is a personality problem which affects as well the person involved but especially his entourage. When you are in connection with a narcissistic pervert, even after leaving him, you never recover from it.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The core features of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), such as deliberate self-harm, suicide attempts and demandingness in interpersonal relationships persist with age, even though impulsivity decreases. Impairing progressive disease combined with affective instability and chronic feelings of emptiness can lead to a desire for death.

To present a case of BPD with severe chronic endocrine pathology and liver cirrhosis who refused to take his treatment as prescribed.

A case report is presented and discussed.

We report the case of a 61-year-old man with BPD and liver cirrhosis, complex endocrine pathology (pituitary adenoma, diabetes insipidus and primary hypothyroidism), type 2 diabetes mellitus with insulin therapy, essential hypertension and alcohol use disorder. He had a history of 5 suicide attempts caused by marked feelings of rejection and emptiness and a pattern of unstable relationships and lack of commitment, thus his marriage lasted only 2 years. He idealized and was extremely familiar with his clinician and displayed marked affective instability (dysphoria, periods of anger and despair, affective ambivalence towards his parents and recurrent depressive symptoms). Because of his liver disease, the psychotropic medication was ceased by his physician. The patient refused to follow the rest of his treatment plan and diet as prescribed, resulting in the deterioration of his somatic status. The patient denied an active suicidal ideation, but did not explain his non-compliance.

The impairment from BPD and the risk of suicide persist even in older age affecting the outcome of co-morbid somatic conditions.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.