Violation of the functional activity of the nervous and immune systems is an essential link in the pathogenesis of chronic alcohol dependence. The search for new psychopharmacological agents whose action is directed to correction of neuroimmune interaction opens new perspectives for the treatment of alcohol dependence.

(CBAxC57Bl/6) F1 mice with active and passive behavioral types in a state of chronic alcohol dependence owing to 6 month 10% ethanol exposure were undergoing intragastric administration of original anticonvulsant meta-chloro-benzhydryl-urea. Animal's behavioral and immune parameters, brain cytokines synthesis before and after anticonvulsant receiving were estimated.

In the formation of experimental alcohol dependence in animals the most pronounced changes in motor and exploratory activities in open field test, brain cytokines synthesis and suppression of immune response were registered in mice with passive type of behavior. Daily consumption of ethanol solution in mice with chronic alcohol dependence decreased sharply starting from 2 days of anticonvulsant administration and led to the cessation of ethanol consumption by the 5 day. After anticonvulsant administration for 10 days behavioral parameters in mice were comparable with those in the control group of healthy animals. It also restored brain cytokines synthesis and significant stimulated humoral immune response, estimated by the relative number of antibody-forming spleen cells.

Behavior and immune changes following chronic ethanol exposure depended on the behavior status of animals; administration of the original anticonvulsant meta-chloro-benzhydryl-urea may correct both immune and behavior disorders in mice with chronic alcohol dependence, so it has promise in the treatment of alcoholism.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Apoptosis is a complex physiological process of the organism which supports cellular homeostasis, provides important aspects of development and functioning of the immune system. In various pathological conditions the process of apoptosis can be impaired that leads to decrease or increase in pro-apoptotic activity.

We conducted investigation of relative and absolute number of CD3+CD95+–lymphocytes in groups of patients with adjustment disorders (n = 90), PTSD (n = 100), organic emotionally labile (asthenic) disorder (n = 232), organic personality disorder (n = 93). Clinical verification was conducted according to ICD–10. Control group included 190 practically healthy persons. Fas protein (CD95) expression on CD3 lymphocytes surfaces was detected using flow cytometry. Cytometric measurements were conducted on flow cytofluorimeter FacsCalibur (Becton Dickinson, US).

In the control group relative number of CD95+–lymphocytes was 11.6%, absolute–0.21 × 109/L. In all examined patients as compared with control the reliable increase both in relative and absolute number of lymphocytes of CD3+CD95+–phenotype was identified. So, in persons with adjustment disorder content of this indicator made 17.0% and 0.28 × 109/L (Р = 0.0015), in PTSD–18.0% and 0.33 × 109/L (Р = 0.0007) and in patients with organic asthenic disorder–19.0% and 0.32 × 109/L (Р = 0.0048), respectively. The highest content in blood of CD3+–lymphocytes, expressing on the surface of membrane the basic marker of apoptosis CD95 is observed in patients with organic personality disorder: 26.0% and 0.44 × 109/L (Р = 0.0003).

In case of intensification of psychopathological symptoms especially in persons with non-psychotic organic mental disorders a receptor-mediated signaling pathway of apoptosis is activated – process of programmed cell death.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The data collected from 271 patients with MetS according IDF criteria, (aged 30–60 years) have been analyzed. Lifetime diagnoses of depression (D), anxiety (A) was self-reported. Current D and A were confirmed by psychodiagnostic interview according to the criteria of ICD-10. All patients passed through: MMSE test, Wechsler memory scale, symbol coding and category Fluency test, scales HADS, HAM-A. Inflammatory markers included CRP, IL-6, IL-1 and TNF-α. Subjects were divided into group A–with D and/or A (139) and group B–without affective disorders (132). Using Mann–Whitney test significant connection between presence of MCI and high levels of inflammation is associated with simultaneous presence affective disorders. High correlations in subjects with A/D were between IL-6, IL-1 and MCI. In-group B, there was no significant correlations between inflammatory markers and MCI.

There is link between affective disorders and levels of inflammatory markers. Increased levels of IL-6 and IL-1 provoke co-morbidity of MCI and depression or anxiety.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The autoimmune (AI) limbic encephalitis (LE) can manifests as changes in neuropsychiatric functions and can even occur with isolated psychiatric symptoms. Many times it is a manifestation of paraneoplastic syndromes and it is lately diagnosed.

Our objective is to increase awareness to this pathology, since initial contact with these patients is often performed by a psychiatrist and its early detection and treatment greatly improve the prognosis of the patients.

The aim of this presentation is to address the AI LE as a differential diagnosis in patients with psychiatric symptoms.

Presentation of a clinical case of AI LE and syndrome revision.

The clinical case involves a 62-year-old man, with no psychiatric history, who begun to present depressive symptoms, emotional lability, aggressiveness and amnesic deficits with 4 months of evolution. After realize an exhaustive clinical evaluation, a cerebral MRI and LCR analysis, the results were consistent with seronegative AI LE. The patient was treated with corticoid therapy and presented a favorable evolution, with remission of the symptoms.

Even though it is a rare pathology, AI LE is an important differential diagnosis to consider in patients with psychiatric symptoms and it is essential to enhance the early detection and treatment of this pathology. This condition also reinforces the role of AI diseases in psychiatric disorders in general, an area, which requires further investigation. With this clinical case, we expect medical professionals to be able to recognize the importance of this diagnosis.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Aggression and violence are common phenomena, potentially experienced by everyone.

To demonstrate that coping patterns to face aggression and violence may exhibit differential group features.

To find differences in coping styles during moments of high aggression in psychiatric patients compared to non-affected controls.

We evaluated 34 outpatients from the section of psychiatry of university Federico II of Naples by two psychometric scales: AQ to evaluate aggression levels and Brief-COPE for coping patterns. Outcomes were compared with that of 34 non-affected controls, recruited from the university student population. Pearson's correlation was used to find relationships between aggression levels and coping skills in these two groups.

We found significant differences between groups in multiple scale items and in the correlation measures, e.g. the use of expression was completely reversed in this two samples according to aggression levels.

These results show that aggression is experienced differentially and with different coping styles by psychiatric patients compared to non-affected controls.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Patients with psychosis often present with cognitive dysfunction during the course of their illness. Inflammatory markers such as cytokines and neurotrophins have been investigated, as they are relevant to the change in cognitive function.

To evaluate the cognitive function between patients with acute psychosis and those without. Moreover, this study also investigates cytokines and neurotrophins levels in acute psychosis and their relation with cognition, severity of psychosis and trajectory of their levels across time and under treatment.

Longitudinal, observational, pilot study, of psychiatric inpatients. Participants were assessed on the first day using brief psychiatric rating scale, CAGE, trail making test B and Wisconsin card sorting test. These assessments were repeated weekly until patients were discharged. Blood samples were also collected on the same day for cytokines and neurotrophins analysis. However, the result on cytokines and neurotrophins levels is still pending, therefore only clinical findings will be presented.

Thirty-one patients (mean age: 43.7, SD: 18.9, 14 females and 17 males) were recruited. Eleven were acutely psychotic. Generalized estimating equations modelling were used to compare these two groups based on cognitive and demographic variables. Patients with psychosis are more likely to have significantly lower scores for CAGE (Wald-x2 = 6.268, df = 1, P = 0.012), significantly more abnormal scores in Trail Making Test B (Wald–x2 = 7.338, df = 1, P = 0.007), failure to maintain set (Wald–x2 = 8.323, df = 1, P = 0.004) and perseveratives errors (Wald-x2 = 4.385, df = 1, P = 0.036) although they have more years of education than those without psychosis.

These data show individuals with acute psychosis have impaired cognitive function compared to others.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Although, disturbances of sleep, as well as aggressiveness, have been described in patients with mood disorders, these patients may not be aware of them.

To access the personal perception of sleep, disturbances and aggressiveness in patients with mood disorders, admitted to an acute psychiatric ward.

Diagnostic data (ICD-10: F31–33), including mood evaluation, were prospectively collected for all patients admitted at the affective disorder ward at Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa (Portugal), during the third trimester of 2016. Then, 2 auto-questionnaires – Athens insomnia scale (AIS) and Buss and Perry aggression scale (both validated to the Portuguese population) – were applied to these patients. Statistical analysis was performed for possible correlations between patients’ mood and the questionnaires’ scores, using R software.

Thirty-eight patients admitted were enrolled in this study: 28 with bipolar disorder (19 manic, 4 depressive and 5 mixed episodes), and 10 with depressive disorder. Depressed patients presented statistically higher values in the AIS (average = 20), compared to manic (14) and mixed ones (17.2) (P = 0.031). However, there were no statistical differences found between depressed patients (bipolar versus non-bipolar). Even though manic patients presented an increased average score in the Buss and Perry questionnaire (both total–65; but also sub-scores), these values were not significantly different than depressed (60) or mixed patients’ scores (57.4).

Even though some symptoms (like sleep or aggressiveness) seem to be relevant to the clinics, patients with affective disorders do not seem to be aware these disturbances, and therefore are not able to acknowledge their relevance.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Smoking causes many life-threatening diseases and is a major risk factor for several main causes of death. Damage by smoking is also caused to those called “passive smokers”. Passive smoking has been implicated in many adverse effects on health. Very few studies deal with empathy in smokers while smoking in the presence of non-smokers.

Estimation of empathy and psychological characteristics of Greek smokers.

For research purposes we used questionnaires Toronto empathy questionnaire (TEQ), symptom check list 90-R, experience of shame scale (EES) and other as Shamer scale – OAS.

A statistically significant difference has been observed in the TEQ to gender (2.436, 0.02), with women showing the highest value (3.4 ± 0.4), as well as in the mean in behavioral shame 2. Another statistically significant difference has been observed in behavioral shame between educational level (3.419, 0.026) and the price of characterological shame among those who reported smoking in the workplace and those who did not.

The sample consisted of 27 subjects with average age 24 years and standard deviation of 4 years. Smokers accounted for 48.1%, of whom 69.2% stated that smoke in their living space. Respectively, the percentage of smokers in the workplace was equivalent. The largest percentage of smokers, (13 people, 69.2%) think that non-smokers are very annoyed when surrounded by people smoking close to them. The proportion of those who said they are very much bothered when in places where smoking is prohibited but somebody smokes, is large (47.1%).

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Cotard syndrome (CS) is a rare neuropsychiatric condition characterized by nihilistic delusions, which may range from negation of existence of parts of the body to delusion of being dead or negation of self-existence, and it requires an urgent and appropriate therapy.

Our objective is to highlight the importance of CS, reinforcing that medical professionals should be aware of this pathology to prompt clinical description, diagnostic and treatment.

The aim of this presentation is to alert psychiatrists to this remaining syndrome.

Review of phenomenological and theoretical issues regarding SC.

CS can be found in numerous psychiatric or neurologic pathologies but it is most seen in patients with severe depression. It is typically divided in three subtypes: psychotic depression, Cotard type I, with nihilistic delusions without mood symptoms, and Cotard type II, with mood symptoms and auditory hallucinations. There are numerous etiological hypothesis mechanisms, including unusual perceptual experiences, which can similarly be involved in Capgras delusion, disconnection from emotional or limbic processes, an impaired belief evaluation or a tendency to excessive self-attribution. Frontotemporoparietal circuitry also seems to have an important role in its pathology. Treatment usually involves electroconvulsive therapy, antidepressants and anti-psychotics and the prognosis depends on the underlying disorders.

CS is a rare pathology with self-defeating risk and its clinical recognition and proper treatment are essential to improve the prognosis of these patients. Diagnostic criteria or clinical instruments for assessment of this syndrome should be encouraged, since its lack is a limitation for systematic studies and consequent management advances.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Hoarding disorders (HD) have increasingly become a public health hazard. It usually emerges during two broad life periods: in early age-of-onset is usually associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); in the elderly, it can be due to psychiatric and organic disorders, unrelated to OCD.

Our objective is to increase medical awareness and to highlight that both young and elderly people may suffer from this condition.

The aim of this presentation is to address HD and its different presentations.

Presentation of two clinical cases of HD and pathology revision.

A 30-year-old woman was hoarding litter, food and several items in a systematic way, become aggressive when her family tried to clean the house and was admitted several times in a psychiatric facility for cleanliness of her house. She had a history of depressive symptoms and severe OCD, with obsessive thoughts and several verification behaviors. A 78-year-old woman, with history of cerebral vascular disease, was self-neglected, living in a filthy home, with hoarding of litter and many worthless objects in a disorganized way, become aggressive after her relatives try to enter her house and refused to get help of any kind. Later on, she was admitted in a psychiatric facility and diagnosed with vascular dementia.

Timely diagnosis and proper management of these two variations of HD will allow more advanced studies in this matter and more effective pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments. These clinical cases reinforce the importance of practical guidelines for appropriate approach of these patients with complex and multidimensional needs.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Individual's personality profile is one of the major determinants of one's behavior. Thus, poor personality disposition of fathers and the child's perception of father have been reported to be powerful predictors of subsequent delinquency and criminal offences. The externalizers resemble the dimensions of conduct disorder as prescribed in diagnostic statistical manual IV. The essential feature is their repetitive behavioral pattern wherein the basic right of others or major age appropriate societal norms are violated.

This study finds out the relationship between the fathers’ personality-disposition, having male children with conduct disorder (CDC, n = 30, experimental group), dysthymic disorder (DDC, n = 30, control group), and normal (NC, n = 30, control group), by applying the new five factor inventory, and children's perception of their fathers on the parent–child relationship scale.

The children were matched on age, sex, socio-economic status and other relevant variables. The CD and DD were selected on the DSM-IV criteria for the diagnosis of conduct disorder and dysthymic disorder. The fathers of each group of children were administered the aforesaid questionnaires.

The CDF showed only significantly poor agreeableness compared to the NF. The CDC's perceived their fathers most negatively compared to the DDC and NC. The CDF's conscientiousness was significantly correlated to a number of variables of the children's perception of them as observed on the PCRS.

The CDF showed lower agreeableness than the NF. The CDC perceived their fathers most negatively, hence, setting the model for the child to observe and learn socially inappropriate behavior.

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Influence of repetitive watching of films of fiction and horror genres on onset phenomenology in young adults.

Two case reports on onset of psychotic features and mixed anxiety depressive phenomenology were seen in two patients aged 16 and 20 years respectively and based on the fantastic imagination created by films. The 28-year-old female patient diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder had onset at 16 years of age and the course of phenomenology was influenced by the fiction movie ‘Jumanji’ with partial response to medications over 10 years. The depressive and anxiety symptoms of less than 6 months duration of a 20-year-old male patient was influenced by film ‘Hannibal’ and responded to antidepressant and cognitive behavior therapy.

Horror and fiction films can influence the thinking patterns and attribution styles of a young adult by stimulating fantasy thinking which if unrestrained can lead to phenomenology. Viewing films compulsively, obsessive ruminations on horror and fictional themes can lead to onset of psychopathology of both psychosis and neurotic spectrum. Further research on neurobiological, psychological correlates is needed. Parental guidance and restricted viewing of horror genre films with avoidance of repeated stimulatory viewing of same genre movies in children, adolescents, young adults and vulnerable individuals is required.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Behavioral addictions are conceptually controversial and their relationship with mental health problems and psychopathology is poorly understood.

To review the relationships between personality traits, mental health issues and mental disorders on one hand and several behavioral addictions on the other. The latter include problematic Internet use, Internet gaming disorder, hypersexual disorder/compulsive sexual behavior disorder, compulsive buying and exercise addiction.

Literature review and conceptual synthesis.

Mental health issues, personality dimensions and mental disorders are commonly associated with behavioral addictions. Although some relatively specific associations were found (e.g., between Internet gaming disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, between compulsive buying and pathological hoarding and between exercise addiction and eating disorders), the specificity of most associations was low. Most studies were cross-sectional and the direction of causality, if any, was uncertain. Therefore, it is unknown under what circumstances certain mental health issues predispose to the particular behavioral addiction or represent a primary problem and when they are a consequence of behavioral addictions. This review also underscores the importance of distinguishing between certain behavioral addictions and overlapping conditions, e.g., between compulsive buying and bipolar disorder (mania/hypomania).

These findings suggest that proper conceptualization of behavioral addictions as distinct conditions or a manifestation of an underlying psychopathology will have to await results of the prospective studies. In the meantime, there are implications for treatment in terms of the importance of identifying and addressing the underlying or associated mental health problems in individuals with behavioral addictions.

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

A recent cohort study in the Netherlands and Belgium showed that 38% of children experienced psychological violence, 11% physical violence, and 14% sexual violence in sport (Vertommen et al., 2016). This study aims to explore the long-term consequences on anxiety, depression and somatic complaints in adults who experienced psychological, physical or sexual violence in the specific context of organized youth sport.

A web survey in a representative sample of adults, prescreened on having participated in organized sport before the age of 18 (n = 4043) was conducted. In this sample, depression, anxiety and somatic problems were assessed using the brief symptom inventory. A generalized linear model was used to quantify the impact of experiencing severe interpersonal violence in sport on psychopathology.

All three types of severe interpersonal violence (psychological, physical and sexual) were significantly associated with the total score and the subscales of the brief symptom inventory. The effect remains significant after controlling for socio-demographics, as well as disability, sexual orientation, adverse childhood experiences outside sport, recent trauma and family history of psychological problems.

Experiencing interpersonal violence against in youth sport is associated with mental health problems in adulthood. This is an important finding to consider in child protection policy in sport.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.