The purpose of this study was to assess to effects of the playing light music & story telling (with Radio) Regulations of sleep disorders on University girl's Dormitory.

This was a quasi-experimental study which covered 60 boys with acute sleep disorders in Shiraz University. The samples have been selected through purposive sampling and then Random assignment into intervention (30 Samples) and control group (30 Samples). Intervention was lasted 10 weeks.

The results suggested that playing light music & story telling (with Radio) could be an alternative treatment intervention to Regulations in girls with sleep disorder. Data analysis between the mean scores of playing light music & story telling (with Radio) an alternative treatment and sleep disorder samples before and after the intervention group showed significant difference (p<0/001).

According to the results of this research, development use of Radio in dormitory of our university.

Around 800,000 to a million people die by suicide every year, making it the 10th leading cause of death worldwide.

The aim of this study was to survey contact to Mobile by psychiatrist physicians with nursing before suicide attempt in suicide attempters with anxiety & depression in outpatient hospital in Tehran.

This research is interventional. In this study one questionnaire was distributed to nursing staff working in prevention suicide Unit. The questionnaire was to assess the knowledge of the nurses with regards to essential information required for; nursing care for patients with anxiety & depression disorders. Their knowledge was then re-assessed following forward of 22 Newsletter via SMS mobile phone to the same nursing staff during a one month. The two results, before and after sending the information, was compared.

The findings of this study showed there was significant improvement in awareness and knowledge of the nurse in the bipolar disorders ward of Tehran Psychiatry Hospital before and after sending E-newsletter containing the required information, via SMS. (p<.0/05).

Knowledge about behavioral patterns of suicidal persons before suicide attempt is needed for suicide prevention programs. Many studies have shown that suicide attempters had contacts with physicians before suicide attempt. Thus it is suggested that nurses and other medical group-s uses a Distance learning by mobile in suicide programs

The aim of the study was to examine the association between specific physical diseases and suicide in older adults as well as to assess whether depression or perceived burdensomeness might be causal mechanisms.

Individual-level register data on all older adults aged 60 years and over living in Denmark during 1990-2009 (N=2,301,709) was assessed using survival analysis. Relative risks of suicide were assessed for a total of 38 physical disorders while adjusting for age, period, conjugal status, income, physical comorbidity, and psychiatric disorders among others depression. Impact was examined within short and long term after diagnose.

In all, 6,012 deaths due to suicide were observed during more than 22 mill. person-years. Presence of a physical disorders resulted in a 51% and 39% higher suicide rates for older adult men and women, respectively. Men with no physical disorders had a suicide rate of 33.0 [CI- 95%: 31.6-34.4] vs. 49.7 [47.3-52.1] among those with 1-3 physical disorders. For older adult women the corresponding figures were 14.1 [13.1- 15.2] and 19.6 [18.5-20.6], respectively.

Significantly higher rate ratios of suicide were identified for lung cancer, intestinal cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders (COPD), liver disease, and male genital disorders when compared to persons with no diagnose. Men and women diagnosed with COPD experienced a 1.8 [CI- 95%: 1.6-2.1] and 1.8 [CI-95%: 1.5-2.2] fold higher risk of suicide during first three years, respectively.

Elevated risks of suicide were identified in numerous physical disorders, also when adjusting for psychiatric comorbidity.

Ayu rveda medicine is a system of traditional medicine native to the Indian medicine and a form of alternative medicine.

The purpose of this study was to assess to the effects of Ayurveda Reduce in Women's with dysmenorrhea in Shiraz Society in 2013.

This was a quasi-experimental study which covered 40 girls with acute stress reaction in Tehran stress Society. The samples have been selected through purposive sampling and then Random assignment into intervention (20 Samples) and control group (20 Samples). Intervention was meditation classes for 6 months (24 weeks).

The results suggested that Ayurveda exercise could be an alternative exercise intervention to Reduce in women with dysmenorrhea. Data analysis between the mean scores of meditation an alternative exercise and acute stress reaction samples before and after the intervention group showed significant difference (p<0/001).

According to the results of this research, Use of complementary medicine like this Ayurveda medicine is effective in treating dysmenorrhea.

A patient page is a document describing a disease in easy-to-understand, layperson's terms. It is considered important in motivating patients and their relatives to engage in treatment. Patient pages are distributed widely in many areas of health care and typically present general information about a disease and its treatment.

We believe that the value of a patient page would be improved, if the information was placed in the context of the patient's personal clinical data. We call this a personalized patient page.

The idea of a personalized patient page is fairly new, and until now it has not been applied to the treatment of persons with mental illness. With this in mind, we developed an example of a personalized patient page for a fictional patient with depression (see sample page). When the page is implemented in the clinic, we envisage that it would be generated automatically when results from an examination are recorded in the patient's file. Furthermore, the page could be delivered to the patient's e-mail inbox or smartphone application, and the page could have an interactive design. For example, if the patient wishes to clarify or know more about ‘minor depression,’ he or she would click on that term and the relevant information would be displayed.

We predict that implementing a personalized patient page in the treatment of persons with mental illness will promote patient engagement in treatment, motivate patients to take responsibility, and lead to greater satisfaction with patient-doctor communication.

(Published in Psychiatric Services, October 2013. Figure 10.1176/appi.ps.018120130)

The aim of this study was the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and quality of life patients with lumbar and cervical disc herniation.

One hundred twenty five patient with lumbar or cervical disc herniation and fourty healthy subject were included into the study. The axis I psychiatric disorders were diagnosed with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). Depression and anxiety disorders severity and quality of life (QoL) were assessed Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment—Brief (WHOQOL-BREF), respectively. The severity of pain was assessed with Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients group were higher than control group. The QoL of patients with LDH or CDH was significantly lower in domains of physical health and social relationship. There was no statistically significant difference between the localization of disc pathology and psychiatric disorders

In conclusion, results of the present study suggest that mood and anxiety disorders were more frequently observed among patient with disc herniation. Assessment of psychiatric disorders could not only be helpful in improving QoL but may also be used to relieve pain.

We detected significant differences in personality disorders evaluated by SCID II. Temperament and character items - as evaluated by NEO FFI and TCI -showed also significant differences in personality traits, such as novelty seeking and self transcendence as well as conscientiousness. These results may be relevant for prognosis of treatment seeking individuals.

Brain tumors may present with multiple psychiatric symptoms (> 50%) and in 80% of the cases tumors are located in the frontal or limbic regions. Neuropsychiatric symptoms may be the first clinical indication of a brain tumor in 18% of the patients.

Brain metastatic tumors may be associated with a greater incidence of mental symptoms and are probably due to the tumors being scattered throughout the brain substance.

The authors report a case of a patient where the severe psychiatric symptoms, secondary to a metastatic brain tumor, were the initial presentation of a primary lung tumor.

A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted for reports of brain tumors and psychiatric symptoms, through PubMed, between Jan 1970 and Out 2010.

We also reviewed the patient medical records and computed tomography (CT) scans in detail.

Neither tumor location nor type is associated with specific psychiatric symptoms.

Mood symptoms may be a harbinger to an evolving brain tumor.

There is a statistically significant correlation of anorexia, without disturbance of body image perception, with hypothalamic tumors.

We conclude that brain tumors can be neurologically silent and only present with psychiatric symptoms. The diagnosis and treatment in the early phase of the disease are determinant for the survival and quality of life of patients with brain tumors.

Neuroimaging (CT and MRI scan) should be considered in patients with new-onset psychosis, recurrence of previously well-controlled psychiatric symptoms, occurrence of atypical symptoms and in patient's refractory to psychiatric treatment.

Description of socio-demographic characteristics and symptoms of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, treated in Tirana CAP (Child and Adolescent Psychiatry).

Study included 38 patients 13-19 years old who had been hospitalized in child and adolescent psychiatry during 2009-2012 years and diagnosed with psychotic disorders and/or schizophrenia. P value was obtained at 0.01 critical value using SPSS 19 for Windows 2007.

52.6% of study group were females. 84.2% were presented with psychotic symptoms, 5.3% were suicidal attempts. More than 55.3% have had loss of interest in daily activities. Through the correlation coefficient of Kendal there is a statistically significant correlation between the time when the disorder started for the first time (in months) and loss of interest in daily activities (r = 0,347, p = 0.014).

We have a time lag of first receiving specialized service, especially when dominated with negative symptoms. Early treatment challenge is to identify patients with high risk for developing psychosis. Data from this study may represent a modest starting point for creating a successful albanian community network for early detection and interevention of early psychosis.

Aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms, and to compare social phobia patients with high and low level symptoms in terms of disability and quality of life.

The study included 16 (44.4%) female and 20 (55.6%) male patients with social phobia (SP). The control group consisted of 36 volunteers who did not have any psychiatric disorder. Study and control group were evaluated using Wender-Utah Rating Scale (WURS-25), Turgay Adult Attention-Deficit /Hyperactivity Disorder (ADD/ADHD) DSM-IV-Based Diagnostic Screening and Rating Scale, Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), The Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and The Short Form 36 Quality of Life Instrument (SF-36).

No statistically significant difference was found between the social phobia and control groups, based on gender, education level and mean age. Medium and high levels of ADHD symptoms were determined in 50.0% (n=18) of the SP group. Mean scores of WURS-25 scale, total and sub-scales of the Turgay ADHD scale in the SP group were higher than those of the control group. In the group with high levels of ADHD symptoms, the mental health sub-scale scores of SF-36 scale was statistically significantly lower than the group with low levels of ADHD symptoms.

Our results showed that ADHD symptom levels in social phobia patients were higher than controls and this situation can be associated with the deterioration of their mental health.

Primary polydipsia is an eating disorder which is often sub-diagnosed particularly in psychotic patients. Through a clinical observation of a patient who was treated for schizophrenia since 28 years and has presented a primary polydipsia, we suggest discussing the diagnostic and the therapeutic difficulties of this disorder.

Mr D.R, 46 years old, followed up since the age of 18 for a schizophrenia and a mental retardation. Despite the important dose of classic neuroleptic treatment and different association of classic neuroleptics, we never noted an improvement of the psychotic symptoms. One year ago, he had been hospitalized in a reanimation department for a metabolic encephalopathy secondary to a severe hyponatremia due to a primary polydipsia.

The eating disorder associated with a psychotic illness doesn’t usually fill all the criteria of the DSM IV classification and is often classified as an eating disorder not otherwise specified. It's important to notice that the early beginning of schizophrenia is one of major risk factors of primary polydipsia. Besides, many other mechanisms are involved to explain primary polydipsia Psychotropic substances can lead polydipsia especially neuroleptics because of an inappropriate secretion of the ant diuretic hormone or by their anticholinergic effect by increasing oral drought. Clozapine remains the best indication because it permits the stabilization of psychotic signs and the decrease of primary polydipsia at the same time.

Primary polydipsia has to be diagnosed and treated at time in psychotic patients to avoid serious complications of hyponatremia which can be fatal.

Treatment Resistant-Depression (TRD), known as the failure to respond to at least two different adequate trials of antidepressant treatments (ADT) in the current episode, is a relatively frequent clinical condition, associated to a high number of relapses, hospitalizations, and an elevated use of multiple pharmacological treatments. To date, however, the association between clinical variables and non-response in TRD remains unclear.

To identify predictors of non-response in inpatients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and TRD.

To investigate clinical variables as potential predictors of non-response in TRD.

Two hundred fifty-three inpatients with MDD and TRD were divided into two groups: responders and non-responders to drug therapies, according to a decrease of 50% or more of the severity of depression (measured with HAM-D 17 items) at the end of forth week of hospitalization. A general model of Cox regression (with backward stepwise method) was used to identify independent predictors of non-response to treatment.

One hundred fifty-four TRD inpatients were responders and 99 non-responders. Cox regression identified three independent clinical predictors independently associated with the group of non-responders: (1) the presence of 5 or more depressive episodes in the medical history (OR = 2.27); (2) a current comorbid anxiety disorder (OR = 1.85); (3) a history of early life adversities (ELAs) (OR = 1.60).

The findings of this study suggest that the phenomenon of non-pharmacological response in the TRD is associated with different clinical variables, which might act through separate mechanisms in determining the persistence of depressive symptomatology.

The oculomotor system is closely linked to the neural circuits of attention. Recent evidence shows a novel role for eye vergence in orienting visual attention.

Identify patterns of attention disruption through eye vergence.

We investigated whether modulation in attention related eye vergence is disrupted in ADHD.

We measured eye vergence in children previously diagnosed with ADHD while performing a cue/no-cue task and compared the results to agematched controls.

We observed a strong modulation in the angle of vergence in the control group but not in the ADHD group. In addition, in the control group the modulation in eye vergence was different between the cue and no-cue condition. This difference was absent in the ADHD group.

Our study supports the observation of deficient binocular vision in ADHD children. We argue that the observed disruption in eye vergence modulation in ADHD children is proof of a deficient cognitive processing of sensory information. Our work may provide new insights into attention disorders, like ADHD.

Physician-assisted suicide (PAS) is currently the subject of controversial discussion in many European countries, albeit only a few of them have legalized this end-of-life practice under certain conditions. For the main part, the people who ask for assistance in suicide suffer from incurable physical diseases. In rare cases, however, the suicide of patients who additionally or solely suffer from mental disorders is also assisted.

The aim of this contribution is to describe potential roles of the psychiatrists in the context of PAS and to formulate ethical arguments for or against the respective involvement of psychiatrists in PAS.

Some authors argue that psychiatrists, invoking the social responsibility for suicide prevention, should strictly reject any involvement in PAS and offer a psychiatric treatment to patients with suicide plans. Others see the role of the psychiatrists in assessing the patients’ competence, which constitutes a fundamental prerequisite for PAS from an ethical point of view. Moreover, others deem a medical prescription of a lethal drug and the assistance in suicide by psychiatrists for ethically acceptable under certain conditions.

We argue that psychiatrists are particularly well-suited to differentiate autonomous and non-autonomous suicide plans based on their expertise in the field of suicidology and in competence assessment. From an ethical point of view, the involvement of psychiatrists can thus contribute to quality assurance of a legalized practice of PAS, benefit the patient autonomy at the end of life and minimize risks of abuse.

Mood Diisorders (MD) is an independent risk factor for Endocrine-Metabolic (E-M) disorders and metabolic syndrome. Biological processes relating to the pathophysiology of MD and metabolic syndrome have common characteristics.

To study the frequency and types E-M disorders in patients with the MD.

Research included 27 patients with Bipolar Affectiv Disorder (BAD) and 65 patients with a Depressive Disorder (DD) (ICD-10 diagnostic criteria), hospitalized during one year.

Among patients with BAD there were 11 men (40.7%) and 16 (59.2%) women. Comorbidity was registered in 8 (72.7%) men, with an average age of 47 years, and 10 (62.5%) women, with an average age of 51.3 years. Patients with DD were 24 men (36.92%) and 41 women (63.07%). Somatic comorbidity was observed in 31 women (75.61%), average age 51.2 years, and 17 men (70.83%), average age 52.8 years. The relationship between age and gender and prevalence of somatic comorbidity was analysed (statistical analysis by x2 and t-test). Analysis of somatic illnesses showed that E-M disorder had the highest prevalence, 11 patients (40.7% with BAD) and 36 patients (55.38% with DD).

Dyslipidemia, DM and disorder of the Thyroid gland were the most frequent. There was no statistically significant discrepancy in the prevalence of E-M disorders and MD depending on gender (p=0,64 BAD), (p=0,29 DD) and age (p=0,18 BAD), (p=0,25 DD).

MD are accompanied by E-M disordersat a high rate (51%), but there is no statistically significant difference depending on gender and age.

Effective antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia should, beyond symptom control, translate into meaningful functional improvements. This study explored functional outcomes in patients with schizophrenia switched from previous unsuccessful treatment with oral antipsychotics to flexible doses of paliperidone palmitate (PP).

Two groups of acute (N=212) and non-acute (N=593) patients from an international prospective open-label 6-month study. Outcomes were change in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score, Personal and Psychosocial Performance scale (PSP) and Mini International Classification of Functionality, Disability and Health Rating for Activity and Participation Disorders in Psychological Illnesses (Mini-ICF-APP).

Both groups significantly improved from baseline to endpoint in mean PANSS total score from 98.5±20.1 to 67.4±24.0 (mean change -31.0±29.0) in acute and from 71.5±14.6 to 59.7±18.1 (mean change -11.7±15.9) in non-acute patients (all p<0.0001). Patient functioning in PSP total score increased from 43.9±15.0 at baseline to 62.9±17.1 at endpoint (mean change 19.0±18.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 16.4;21.6) in the acute and from 58.1±13.4 at baseline to 66.1±15.7 at endpoint (mean change 8.0±14.0; 95%CI 6.8;9.1) in the non-acute group (both groups p<0.0001). Illness-related disabilities of activity and participation within groups improved significantly in Mini-ICF-APP global score decreasing from 26.8±8.5 to 18.5±9.8 (mean change -8.0±10.4; 95%CI -9.5;-6.5) in acute and from 19.8±7.9 to 15.9±8.8 (mean change: -4.0±7.5; 95%CI - 4.6;-3.3) from baseline to endpoint in non-acute patients (both groups p<0.0001).

Symptom reduction in acute and non-acute patients with schizophrenia treated with PP after previous unsuccessful treatment with oral antipsychotics was associated with clinically meaningful functional improvements.

To explore tolerability, safety and treatment response of flexibly dosed once-monthly paliperidone palmitate (PP) in adult nonacute patients with schizophrenia previously unsuccessfully treated with oral aripiprazole.

International prospective open-label 6-month study. Outcomes were change in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), patient functioning (Personal and Social Performance Scale; PSP), disease severity (CGI-S and CGI-C), Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS) and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs).

46 patients (73.9% male, mean age 34.4±9.4 years, 78.3% paranoid schizophrenia) were analyzed. The mean prior oral aripiprazole dose was 22.7±10.7 mg/day. 67.4% of patients completed the study. Mean PANSS total score decreased from 74.7±14.9 at baseline to 62.6±16.5 at LOCF endpoint (mean change -12.2±16.7; 95% confidence interval -17.1;-7.2; p<0.0001). 52.2% of patients showed a ≥20% improvement in PANSS total score, the percentage of patients rated mildly ill or less in CGI-S increased from 23.9% to 56.5% and 75.5% of patients were rated improved in CGI-C. Patient functioning in PSP improved from 58.9±13.4 to 62.9±15.2 (p=0.041). TEAEs reported in ≥5% were anxiety (n=6), injection site pain, bronchitis, insomnia and akathisia (n=4 each), and weight increase, depression and pain in extremities (n=3 each). Extrapyramidal symptoms measured by ESRS total scores improved significantly in completers from baseline to month 6 by -1.4±2.7 (p<0.007) and by -0.6±3.4 from baseline to LOCF endpoint (p=0.046).

Flexibly dosed paliperidone palmitate was well tolerated and associated with a clinically relevant symptomatic treatment response, improved functioning and less EPS in non-acute patients with schizophrenia previously unsuccessfully treated with oral aripiprazole.