Treaties — Special kinds of — General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade — Reservations — Right to increase ad valorem rate of duty — Role of municipal law in making reservation effective — Presidential proclamation in United States of America — The Jaw of the United States of America.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Reservations — General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade — Whether municipal legislation authorized quota reservation in General Agreement — Role of Presidential proclamation in making reservation effective — The law of the United States of America.

Treaties — Operation of — Necessity for municipal legislationProvisions directly binding upon individuals — Whether article of European Convention on Human Rights providing that persons shall have effective remedy for violation of rights before a national authority is directly binding — Constitution of the Netherlands — The law of the Netherlands.

International law — Relation to municipal law — Treaties — Effect of breach of treaty upon obligation to comply with municipal legislation giving effect to treaty — International Convention on Road Traffic — Whether national of another Party driving in territory of State in breach is released from operation of traffic laws not inconformity with Convention — The law of the Netherlands.

The individual in international law — Position in international law — Rights under treaties — International Road Traffic Convention — Effect of breach by one Party upon criminal liability of nationals of other Parties under traffic legislation of State in breach — The law of the Netherlands.

Treaties — Operation of — Whether conferring rights on individuals — Effect of breach of international road traffic convention — Whether national of another Party driving in territory of State in breach is released from operation of traffic laws not in conformity with convention — The law of the Netherlands.

International law — Relation to municipal law — Treaties — Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between the United States and Italy, 1948 — Application to determination of priority of maritime lien of foreign supplier or preferred ship mortgage — Effect of municipal legislation — Consistency of legislation with Treaty — Later statute superseding prior treaty — The law of the United States of America.

Treaties — Operation of — Effect of municipal legislation — Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between the United Statesand Italy, 1948 — Application to determination of priority of maritime lien of foreign supplier or preferred ship mortgage — As provided by municipal legislation — Consistency of legislation with Treaty — Later statute superseding prior treaty — The law of the United States of America.

International law — Relation to municipal law — Treaties — Consistency of statute with treaty — General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade — “Buy American”Act of state of United States of America — Supremacy of federal treaty and agreements — Interpretation of“national treatment”provisions — The law of the United States of America.

Treaties — Special kinds of — General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade — Interpretation of " national treatment" provisions — Consistency therewith of " Buy American " act of a state — The law of the United States of America.

Treaties — Operation of — Effect of municipal legislation — Provisions of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade requiring national treatment for products of one Contracting Party in territory of another — Consistency therewith of “Buy American” Act of a state — Supremacy of federal treaty and agreements — Interpretation of “national treatment” provisions — The law of the United States of America.

International law — Relation to municipal law — Interpretation of legislation based on general international convention — Desirability of uniformity of interpretation by courts of Parties — Australian Sea Carriage of Goods Act, 1924 — Hague Rules relating to Bills of Lading, 1921 — The law of England.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Principles and rules of — Interpretation of legislation based on general international convention — Desirability of uniformity of interpretation by courts of Parties — Hague Rules relating to Bills of Lading, 1921 — Australian Sea Carriage of Goods Act, 1924 — The law of England.

Treaties — Special kinds of — Double taxation conventions — Convention between Canada and United States, 1942 — Meaning of concept of "permanent establishment therein " — Alien limited partners as maintaining permanent establishment through limited partnership in United States — The law of the United States of America.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Double Taxation Convention between Canada and United States, 1942 — Meaning of concept of “permanent establishment therein” — Alien limited partners as maintaining permanent establishment through limited partnership in United States — The law of the United States of America.

Treaties — Special kinds of — Most — favoured — nation clause — Effect of clause upon duty of forum to recognise status of adopted child conferred upon alien by foreign law — Public policy of forum — Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Greece and United States, 1951 — The law of the United States of America.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Greece and United States, 1951 — “Most-favoured-nation” clause — Effect of clause upon duty of forum to recognize status of adopted child conferred upon alien by foreign law — Public policy of forum — The law of the United States of America.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Convention on International Civil Aviation, 1944, Article 15 — Application of national treatment standard protecting foreign airlines against higher airport charges to prior contractual arrangements with domestic airlines involving different rate structures — Relevance of fact that such rate structures depend upon special relationships with domestic airlines — Effect of Convention upon prior contracts — Article 82 of Convention — The law of the United States of America.

Treaties — Special kinds of — Treaty establishing European Economic Community, 1957 — Articles 85 and 86 — Whether self-executing and directly binding on nationals of Member States — Effect of these articles prior to making of implementation regulations under Article 87 — The law of the Netherlands.

Disputes — International Court of Justice — Contentious jurisdiction — Competence — Declarations under Article 36 of Statute — Declaration in form of renewal of acceptance of jurisdiction of Permanent Court of International Justice — Renewal made after lapse of original declaration — Application of Article 36 (5) of Statute — State not a Member of United Nations before dissolution of Permanent Court — Renewal considered as new declaration — Formal requirements for valid acceptance of jurisdiction — Interpretation of declaration — Natural and ordinary meaning — Effect of intention to accept jurisdiction of International Court of Justice — Whether intention nullified by non-existence of Permanent Court at date of renewal of declaration.

Aliens — Position of — Respect for property — Seizure of assets under trading with the enemy legislation — Enemy character of corporation organized in territory occupied by Germany during Second World War — Time at which enemy character determined — The law of the United States of America.

War — In general — Effects of outbreak of war — Trading with the enemy — Vesting of assets of enemy persons under municipal legislation — Enemy character of corporation organized in territory occupied by Germany during Second World War — Time at which enemy character determined — The law of the United States of America.