Extradition — Procedure of — Competence of requesting authorities — Burden of proof — Presumption of competence — Whether plea of innocence can be bar to extradition — Extradition Treaty of 1886 between Argentina and Italy — The law of Argentina.

Treaties — Reservations to — Whether municipal law takes precedence over treaty — Code of Private International Law (Bustamante Code) — The law of Chile.

Extradition — Procedure of — “Passive extradition” — Conflict between Extradition Treaty and law of requested State — The law of Chile.

Diplomatic immunities — Miscellaneous — Member of foreign military mission — Certification of immunity — Immunity from jurisdiction of municipal courts — The law of Argentina.

Treaties — Operation and enforcement of — Effect on existing municipal law — Provisions of criminal law relating to unauthorized sale or reproduction of copyright work — Effect of Universal Copyright Convention, 1951 — Whether protection under Convention can be invoked in absence of proof of cession of author's rights — The law of Argentina.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Principles and rules of interpretation — Natural usage of language — Reference to purpose of treaty as aid to interpretation — Construction of foreign affairs power — Convention for the Regulation of Aerial Navigation, 1919 — Regulations relating to aerodromes issued by Governor-General of Australia to give effect to Convention — The law of Australia.

War — Effects of outbreak of — Trading with the enemy — Effect on proprietary rights of transfer to Custodian of Enemy PropertyThe law of England.

War — In general — Treaties of Peace — Performance of — Municipal legislation giving effect to Peace Treaty — Restitution provisions — Meaning of "owner " — Whether bank nominated beneficiary of funds under pre — war clearing scheme can be" owner " — Treaty of Peace with Roumania, 1947 — Treaty of Peace (Roumania) Order, 1948, Article 1 (5) (g) — The law of England.

Treaties — Special kinds of — Clearing and payments agreements Operation of — Effect on legal and beneficial interest in property and proceeds of sale — Position of nominate beneficiaries — Effect of termination of agreement and clearing scheme upon ownership of property rights — Trade and Payments Agreement between Roumania and the United Kingdom, 1939 — The law of England.

Treaties — Special kinds of — Social security treaties — Principles of interpretation — Plain and ordinary meaning — Claimant to be treated as if “resident” in co-contracting State in certain circumstances — Meaning of residence — Distinction from presence — Reciprocal Agreement on Social Security between Australia and the United Kingdom, 1958 — The law of England.

Treaties — Operation and enforcement of — Necessity for municipal legislation — Self — executing treaties — Articles of Agreement of International Monetary Fund — Application by courts of Member State as part of municipal law — The law of the Netherlands.

Treaties — Special kinds of — Articles of Agreement of International Monetary Fund, Article VIII, Section 2 (b) — Application by courts of Member States as part of municipal law — The law of the Netherlands.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Principles and rules of interpretation — Natural and ordinary meaning of words in their context — Use of travaux preparatoires to confirm plain and ordinary meaning Meaning of "the largest ship-owning nations" in Article 28 (a) of Convention for the Establishment of the Inter — Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization, 1948 — Criteria for election of Members of Maritime Safety Committee — Whether mandatory or discretionary criteria — Relevance of intention of Members to establish objective criteria for composition of CommitteeRelevance of other provisions in same Convention referring to "total tonnage" — Relevance of practice of the Organization in relation to these other provisions — Importance of international practice and maritime usage.

International organization — Specialized agencies of the United Nations — Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization — Constitution of Maritime Safety Committee — Interpretation of constitutional instrument — Article 28 (a) of Convention establishing Organization — Criteria laid down in Article 28 (a) for election by Assembly of Members of Maritime Safety Committee — Distinction between mandatory and discretionary criteria — Natural and ordinary meaning of words in their context — Use of travaux préparatoires to confirm plain and ordinary meaning — Meaning of “the largest ship-owning nations” — Relevance of intention of Members to establish objective test for composition of Maritime Safety Committee — Relevance of other provisions in same Convention referring to “total tonnage” — Relevance of practice of the Organization in relation to these other provisions — Importance of international practice and maritime usage.

State responsibility — Claims — In general — Evidence in support of claims — Admissibility and sufficiency of — Self — serving declaration and acts of notoriety.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Miscellaneous — Treaties of peaceJurisdiction of Conciliation Commission — Whether claim never presented to Government of Italy is within jurisdiction — Meaning of "disputes".

War — In general — Treaties of peace — Performance of — Jurisdiction of Conciliation Commission — Whether claim never presented to Government of Italy is within jurisdiction — Meaning of "disputes".

Disputes — Arbitration — Procedure — Competence — Whether claim never presented to Government of Italy is within jurisdiction — Meaning of “disputes” — Rules of evidence — Evidence in support of claims — Admissibility and sufficiency of evidence — Self-serving declaration and acts of notoriety.

State responsibility — Claims — Nationality of — Defence of dual nationality for purposes of Treaty of Peace with Italy — Dominance of Italian nationality.

Nationality — Dual nationality — Defence of, for purposes of Treaty of Peace with Italy — Dominance of Italian nationality.

Disputes — Arbitration — By Conciliation Commission — Evidence — Sufficiency of — Generalities and self-serving declaration — Burden of proof — Establishing “treatment as enemy” — Clear and convincing proof.

State responsibility — Claims — In general — Treaty of Peace with Italy — Burden of proof as to loss or damage as result of the war Possibility of presumption.

Disputes — Arbitration — By Conciliation Commission — Evidence — Burden of proof — Treaty of Peace with Italy — Burden of proof as to loss or damage as a result of the war — Possibility of presumption.

State Territory — Parts of — Land boundaries — Principle of uti possidetis — Meaning and application of.

State territory — Parts of — Water boundaries — Thalweg — Operation of thalweg concept at mouth of river.

Treaties — Conclusion of — Ratification and entry into force Provisions for submission of treaty to constitutional ratification and for immediate organization of Mixed Boundary Commission prior to ratification — Whether treaty enters into force on signature — Relevance of intention of Parties.

Disputes — Arbitration — The award — Binding force of — Validity of award — Effect of non-compliance with treaty provisions on appointment of arbitrator — Effect of lapse of treaty after appointment but before arbitrator agreed to act — Whether acquiescence in award as binding operates as estoppel to later objections to its validity — Effect of arbitrator exceeding his powers — Effect of “essential error” — Effect of omissions and obscurities in award.

War — Effects of outbreak of — On neutral property — Economic measures against neutral persons and property — The law of Argentina.

International law — Relation to municipal law — Binding force of treaties in municipal law — Incorporation by legislation — Agreement for the Punishment of Major War Criminals, 1945 — Binding force of Nuremberg Judgment in municipal law — The law of Poland.

Extradition — Conditions of — Principle of specialty — Extradition of war criminals — Absence of need to specify exact offence — Sufficiency of statement of facts on which application for extradition is based — Extradition of common criminals contrasted — The law of Poland.

Treaties — Operation and enforcement of — Necessity for municipal legislation — Agreement for the Punishment of Major War Criminals, 1945 — lncorporation in the law of Poland.

Occupation of enemy territory — Nature and effects of — German occupation of Poland, 1939 — 1945 — Special characteristics ofCriminal aims of said occupation — Occupation resulting from unlawful war — Whether occupation in legal sense — Annexation of part of occupied Poland and administrative changes therein — Unlawfulness under international law — German theories — Hague Convention No. IV, Article 42.

Occupation of enemy territory — Legislative, judicial and administrative functions of Occupant — German occupation of Poland, 1939 — 1945 — lntroduction of Occupant's own legal system — Setting up of courts of summary justice.

Occupation of enemy territory — Inhabitants — German occupation of Poland, 1939 — 1945 — Mass killings and deportations of civilian population — Nazi policy towards Jews — Limitations imposed upon Jews and final extermination — Collective responsibility and mass reprisals against local population — Hague Convention No. IV, Articles 43 and 46.

War — In general — Enforcement of the laws of war — Punishment of war crimes — Moscow Declaration of 1943 and London Agreement of 1945 — Effect in municipal law — Principle of nulla poena sine lege — Plea of Act of State — Criminal responsibility of individuals for Act of State — Applicability of Hague Convention No. IV — Crimes under that Convention — Responsibility of administrative head of portion of occupied territory for criminal acts committed therein as part of official occupation policy — The law of Poland.

State responsibility — Claims — In general — Treaty of Peace with Italy — Right to compensation for loss of property of Italian company fully owned directly or indirectly by claimant corporation.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Miscellaneous — Treaty of Peace with Italy — Right to compensation for loss of property of Italian company fully owned directly or indirectly by claimant corporation.

War — In general — Treaties of peace — Performance of — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 — Right to compensation for loss of property of Italian company fully owned directly or indirectly by United States claimant corporation.

War — In general — Treaties of peace — Performance of — Treaty of Peace with Japan, 1951 — Netherlands-Japanese Property Commission — Competence of — “Property in Japan of an Allied Power” (Peace Treaty, Article 15 (a)) — Captured Netherlands ship sunk outside territorial waters of Japan after cessation of hostilities — Offer by Japanese Government to compensate by returning vessel of same type — Effect on offer of waiver of reparations claims in Peace Treaty.

War — In general — Treaties of Peace — Performance of — Treaty of Peace with Japan, 1951 — Obligation of Japan to return or compensate for Allied property “in Japan” — Interpretation of Article 15 of Treaty containing this obligation — Literal interpretation — Ordinary meaning of words — Application to captured Netherlands ship sunk outside territorial waters of Japan after cessation of hostilities — Whether Japan under obligation to raise wreck — Whether Japan stultified provisions of Article 15 by its own illegal acts.

War — In general — Treaties of Peace — Performance of — Peace Treaty with Italy, 1947, Article 78 (3) — Claim based on forced sale of property in Italy denied by Italian-United States Conciliation Commission because of non-eligibility of claimant — Whether claim not “provided for” in Peace Treaty — Claim subsequently brought under United States legislation on distribution of fund paid under Italian-United States Memorandum of Understanding, 1947 (“Lovett-Lombardo Agreement”) — Relation between claims settlement machinery under Peace Treaty and under United States legislation.

State responsibility — Interest — In general — Claim based on personal injury by occupying forces — Whether interest payable — United States Foreign Claims Settlement Act, 1949, Section 304.

Occupation of enemy territory — Inhabitants — Treatment of — Interference with religious worship — Personal injury to worshippers by occupying troops — Award in claim based on such injury — Whether interest payable.