Peace Treaties — Performance of — Restitution and reparation provisions — Placing of enemy-owned shares in “blocked account” — Whether a “special measure applied to property” — Failure of depositary of shares to take up option rights — Whether giving depositor right to compensation from Government.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Whether right of an international organization to delegate its powers can be implied — Inclusio unius est exclusio alterius — European Coal and Steel Communlty Treaty, 1951.

International organization — Whether an international organization has right to delegate its powers — Whether such right to be implied — Distinction between delegation of discretion and delegation of execution — European Coal and Steel Community Treaty, 1951 — Period within which decision of High Authority can be annulled — Effect of challenge of that decision out of time — Right to challenge the validity of general decision when challenging validity of individual decision made in application of it — Duty to support decision by reasons.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Rules of — Function of articles setting out fundamental aims of treaty — Elaboration of fundamental aims to be read as one with them — General principles of law of member States — European Coal and Steel Community Treaty, 1951.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Interpretation of Treaty establishing — Articles setting out fundamental aims of Treaty to be read as a whole — Power of international organization to give predominance to certain of these aims — Interpretation of fundamental aims in light of subsequent provision of Treaty — Whether failure to comply with fundamental aims of Treaty amounts to détournement de pouvoir — Dominant purpose of Treaty.

International organization — In general — Powers — Use of — Detournement de pouvoir — Relevance of unjustified motives — Importance of "essential aim".

Disputes — International courts — Court of European Coal and Steel Community — Costs.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Article 60 of Treaty establishing — Meaning of “discrimination” — Publication of lists of steel prices — Decision of High Authority authorizing steel enterprises to deviate from their published selling prices — Whether decision in violation of Treaty — Meaning of phrase “price-lists applied by enterprises shall be made public” — Whether “price” means “exact price” — Whether publication must be before application of the lists — Whether authorization of existing breaches of a decision of the High Authority amounts to a détournement de pouvoir.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Article 60 of Treaty establishing — Admissibility of appeals — Rights of associations — Allegation of détournement de pouvoir — Whether general decision may be disguised individual decision.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Article 60 of Treaty establishing — Admissibility of appeals — Rights of associations — Allegation of détournement de pouvoir — Whether general decision may be disguised individual decision — Article 15 of Treaty — Requirement that reasons for decisions be given — Whether dissenting opinions in Council and Consultative Committee need be stated.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Article 35 of Treaty establishing — Appeal to High Authority by consumers' association — Admissibility of — Meaning of “associations” in Article 35 — Definition of “enterprise” in Article 80.

Disputes — International courts — Court of European Coal and Steel Community — Procedure — Power of Court to call for further information — Re-opening of oral proceedings.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Article 33 of Treaty establishing — Decisions of High Authority — Right of associations and enterprises to challenge decisions — Whether decisions general or Individual — Whether a letter from High Authority to a Government constitutes a decision — Grounds of challenge.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Compensation payments to Belgianmines — Whether threat to reduce or withdraw compensation amounts to discrimination forbidden by Treaty.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — High Authority of — Competence of — Whether competent to fix selling price of Belgian coal — Absence of express power in Treaty — Whether competence may be implied — Convention containing Transitional Provisions, Section 26 — Détournement de pouvoir — Relevance of wrong motives — Primary and subsidiary aims — Effect of error.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Compensation payments to Belgian mines — Whether threat to reduce or withdraw compensation amounts to discrimination forbidden by Treaty — Discretion of High Authority to determine compensation for different types of coal.

Disputes — International courts — Court of European Coal and Steel Community — Pleadings — Request — Form and content of — Whether reference to statement in request in similar action sufficient — Admissibility of grounds raised in reply but not in request.

International organization — European Goal and Steel Community — Treaty establishing the Community, Article 33 — Decisions of High Authority — Whether general or individual — Letter from Authority specifying required action — Whether letter constitutes decision — Right of associations and enterprises to challenge general decisions — Grounds upon which challenge may be based.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Decisions of High Authority — Appeals against — Admissibility of — Allegation of detournement de pouvoir — Relevance to admissibllity — Perlods of limitation — Decision amending earlier decision — Whether time runs again from second decision.

Disputes — International courts — Court of European Coal and Steel Community — Pleadings — Introduction of new head of action in reply — Distinction between new head of action and new argument — Rules of Procedure, Article 38 (1).

International organization — European Goal and Steel Community — Decisions of High Authority — Détournement de pouvoir — Relevance of aims of High Authority as published in Memoranda — Relevance of lack of foresight on part of Authority — Relevance of motive of avoiding administrative difficulties — Uniform subsidy tax — Whether constituting discrimination within Article 4 of Treaty establishing Community.

International organization — Whether an international organization has right to delegate its powers — Whether such right to be implied — Distinction between delegation of discretion and delegation of execution — European Coal and Steel Community Treaty, 1951 — Period within which decision of High Authority can be annulled — Effect of challenge of that decision out of time — Right to challenge validity of general decision when challenging individual decision made in application of it — Duty to support decision by reasons.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — High Authority — General decisions of — Period within which decision can be annulled — Right to challenge validity of general decision when challenging individual decision made in application thereof.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Convention containing Transitional Provisions, Section 29 — Scope of application of — Treaty establishing Community, Article 3 — Meaning of acts “in the common interest” — Article 59 — Scope of application of — Article 4 — Discrimination — Whether uniform subsidy system amounts to indirect grant prohibited by Article 4 — Relevance of interference with normal competition — Whether a violation of Treaty — Duty of High Authority to limit foreseeable Injury to third parties — Détournement de pouvoir — Relevance of aims of High Authority as published in Memoranda — Relevance of motive of avoiding administrative difficulties.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Interpretation of Treaty establishing — Articles setting out fundamental aims of Treaty to be read as a whole — Power of international organization to give predominance to certain of these aims — Interpretation of fundamental aims in light of subsequent provision of Treaty — Effect of failure to comply with fundamental aims — Whether a détournement de pouvoir — General decision challenged by enterprise — Necessity of showing détournement de pouvoir with respect to that enterprise — Relevance of alleged aim of Authority to penalise a particular enterprise.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Interpretation of Treaty establishing — Articles setting out fundamental aims of Treaty to be read as a whole — Power of international organization to give predominance to certain of these aims — Interpretation of fundamental aims in light of subsequent provision of Treaty — Effect of failure to comply with fundamental aims — Whether a détournement de pouvoir — General decision challenged by enterprise — Necessity of showing dÉtournement de pouvoir with respect to that enterprise.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Interpretation of Treaty establishing — Articles setting out fundamental aims of Treaty to be read as a whole — Power of international organization to give predominance to certain of these aims — Interpretation of fundamental aims in light of subsequent provision of Treaty — Effect of failure to comply with fundamental aims — Whether a detournement de pouvoir — Dominant purpose of Treaty — Meaning of concept of “common Interest” in Article 3 — Article 4 (b) and (c) — Whether financial arrangement under Article 53 can be special charge within Article 4 (c) — Unequal imposition of charges — Article 65 — Whether acts of High Authority more restrictive than necessary for their purpose.

Disputes — International courts — Court of European Coal and Steel Community — Procedure — Withdrawal of plaintiff during proceedings — Whether consent of defendant required — Appeal for annulment — Costs of party withdrawing.

Disputes — International courts — Court of European Coal and Steel Community — Parties — Joinder of actions — Action by producers of iron and steel appealing against a general decision — Decision affecting each party differently — Whether common basis for joint action.

International organization — European Goal and Steel Community — Interpretation of Treaty establishing — Articles setting out fundamental aims of Treaty to be read as a whole — Power of international organization to give predominance to certain of these aims — Interpretation of fundamental aims in light of subsequent provision of Treaty — Effect of failure to comply with fundamental aims — Whether a détournement de pouvoir — Article 65 — Whether acts of High Authority more restrictive than necessary for their purpose — Application of Article 65 to financial arrangements — Whether general decision can be challenged on ground of violation of Treaty.

Disputes — International courts — Court of European Coal and Steel Community — Parties — Capacity to appear before Court — Associations of producers of iron or steel — European Coal and Steel Community Treaty, 1951, Articles 53, 48 and 80.

Disputes — International courts — Court of European Coal and Steel Community — Costs — Apportionment of.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Interpretation of Treaty establishing — Articles setting out fundamental aims of Treaty to be read as a whole — Power of international organization to give predominance to certain of these aims — Interpretation of fundamental aims in light of subseuqent provision of Treaty — Effect of failure to comply with fundamental aims — Whether a détournement de pouvoir — Dominant purpose of Treaty — Meaning of concept of “common interest” in Article 3.

Arbitration — In general — Law applied by arbitral tribunals — Principles of equity.

Arbitration — Procedure — Procedure before Tribunal — Principle of estoppel.

Arbitration — In general — Conception and function of arbitration — Appeal to Arbitral Commission from decision of municipal court — Selection of applicable law — Arbitral Commission on Property, Rights and Interests in Germany — Competence to fix royalties for exploitation of patent and other terms.

Arbitration — In general — Law applied by arbitral tribunals — Arbitral Commission on Property, Rights and Interests in Germany — Application of principles of equity.