Many important scientific and technical problems are best addressed using multiple, microscopy-based analytical techniques that combine the strengths of complementary methods. Here, we provide two examples from biomedical challenges: unravelling the attachment zone between dental implants and bone, and uncovering the mechanism of Alzheimer's disease. They combine synchrotron-based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) with transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM), electron tomography (ET), EELS tomography, and/or atom probe tomography (APT). STXM provides X-ray absorption based chemical sensitivity at mesoscale resolution (10–30 nm), which complements higher spatial resolution electron microscopy and APT.

Cryo-planing SEM provides a powerful 3D view of internal and external tissue and cell features. However, specimen preparation is tedious because it requires custom apparatus and difficult cryogenic manipulations. We present an easy method using mPrep/s capsules that provide a “handle” to hold and orient specimens throughout cryo-preparation and imaging. Cryo-facing is done with a cryo-ultramicrotome, requiring no custom equipment while providing accurate control of the image plane. We show this with fresh Christmas cactus leaves and aldehyde-fixed kidney tissue imaged by room temperature SEM after freeze-drying, demonstrating the method operating without an expensive cryo-SEM.

This article discusses the image processing challenges in modern microscopy and microanalysis associated with large dataset size, microstructure complexity, and growing computing requirements. Solutions for meeting these challenges include artificial intelligence and cloud computing, which provide improved efficiency in managing microscopy data, more robust automated image segmentation, and prediction of physical properties from images with user-friendly high-performance computing. The applications of these technologies in the industrial research environment are exemplified by studies in evaluation of amorphous drug formulations, tight rock characterization for sustainable hydrocarbon extraction, and low-temperature fuel cell design for an environment-friendly automobile.

In September 2018, Australia hosted the 19th International Microscopy Congress in Sydney. As part of this conference, more than 600 teachers and students from 19 classes across the state of NSW were hosted on-site at the IMC19 Outreach Learning Space. The program resulted from a year-long collaborative effort between Australian Microscopy and Microanalysis and Microscopy Australia volunteers, academics, microscopy industry vendors, conference coordinators, STEM secondary school teachers, and local attractions. A unique feature of the program was the incorporation of the Australian national curriculum into the program via teacher-designed prework and postwork, helping to contribute to an award-winning conference.