This study aimed to explore relationships between parental stress, coping, and outcomes for parents of infants with CHD, via observational approach reflecting domains of the Parental Stress and Resilience in CHD (PSRCHD) model.

Fifty-five parents of 45 infants with CHD completed questionnaires with measures of parental stress, Problem-Focused Coping (PFC), Emotion-Focused Coping (EFC), Avoidant Coping (AC), mental health (symptoms of anxiety and symptoms of depression), post-traumatic growth (PTG) and quality of life (QoL). Demographic and infant clinical data were obtained.

Parental stress showed significant small to medium positive correlations with MH and PTG, but no significant correlations with QoL. EFC and AC showed significant small to medium positive correlations with MH, and medium negative correlations with parental QoL. EFC and PFC had significant small to medium correlations with PTG. PFC and AC had significant small to medium correlations with infant QoL. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that parental symptoms of anxiety, PTG, parental QoL, infant QoL were significantly predicted by models comprising of parental stress, coping styles, and clinical controls (adjusted R2 = 13.0–47.9%, p range < 0.001–.048), with results for parental symptoms of depression falling marginally above significance (adjusted R2 = 12.3%, p = .056).

Parental stress, coping styles, and length of hospital stay are related to psychological outcomes in parents of infants with CHD. Future research may use the PSRCHD framework to assess mechanisms underlying CHD parents’ stress and coping experiences and investigate longitudinal relationships between parental factors and parent and child outcomes.

A variety of psychosocial factors have been shown to affect the quality of life of families (FQoL).

This study aimed to assess the impact of mother's demographic characteristics, parental stress, illness perceptions about autism spectrum disorder (ASD), coping strategies, ASD severity and time since diagnosis on FQoL during the initial period following diagnosis (≤6 months).

Fifty-three mothers of children newly diagnosed with ASD completed the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale, the Autism Parenting Stress Index, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory. A descriptive analysis was conducted on the demographic characteristics of the family. Eta coefficients and Pearson's analysis were used to determine the associations between the variables and the FQoL dimensions. Hierarchical regression was used to determine whether variables explained a statistically significant family quality of life variance.

Pearson's analysis and eta coefficients indicated several correlations. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that higher parental stress related to core autism symptoms was associated with poorer FQoL (95% CI −0.08 to −0.02, P = 0.001), and higher perceived treatment control was associated with better FQoL (95% CI 0.04–0.16, P = 0.001). In addition, stronger perceived personal control was associated with higher physical/material well-being (95% CI 0.01–0.16, P = 0.022) and higher disability-related support (95% CI 0.30–0.61, P = 0.001). Higher family monthly income was associated with better FQoL (95% CI 0.08–0.027, P = 0.000), whereas marital status (divorced mother) was correlated with poorer FQoL (95% CI −0.68 to −0.16, P = 0.002).

Interventions should emphasise managing the disorder's characteristics and implementing psychoeducational and supportive programmes for parents, immediately after the diagnosis, to enhance FQoL.

Covid-19 pandemic put parents under great pressure, and the most vulnerable parents may have become too overwhelmed to find appropriate ways to be supportive caregivers and to address children’s fears and insecurities.

Assess the level of parental stress experienced by mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare it with that experienced by fathers.

This was a descriptive and comparative analytical study, shared on social networks during the period from 8 to 20 April 2021, targeting mothers of children aged 2 to 18 years. The mother answered the questionnaire for herself and her child. The level of stress experienced by the mother in the parent-child relationship during the COVID-19 pandemic was assessed by the brief version of the Parental Stress Index (PSI-SF).

The total number of participants was 65 mothers. Parental stress level in mothers was high in 58.5%, the average PSI score was 94.25; the mean score of the parental distress subscale was 34.06; the mean score of the dysfunctional child-parent interaction subscale was 27.86; and the average score of the child difficulty subscale was 32.32. The mean scores of the parental distress subscale, the child difficulty subscale, as well as the mean PSI total score were significantly higher in mothers than in fathers, with p= 0.010; p= 0.022 and p=0.017 respectively.

Our results highlight a higher level of stress in mothers than in fathers. This can be explained the parental, marital and professional responsibilities imposed on women, underlining the urgent need to provide mothers with adequate support.

No significant relationships.

Children with ASD may present their parents with several challenges, most notably aggressive and destructive behaviors. Parents of children with ASD typically experience more stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms than other parents. Mindfulness-based interventions are reported to be effective in reducing parental stress along with improving the challenging behaviors of their children

The current review aimed to investigate if the use of mindfulness-based interventions is beneficial to reduce parental stress when caring for children with ASD.

The databases of PsycINFO and PubMED were used. The variables studied in this systematic review were Autism, Parental stress, and Mindfulness. Inclusion criteria were that all articles should be academic journals, and with a full text available in English during the last 20 years.

Compared to other behavioral approaches, mindfulness-based interventions showed statistically significant results in reducing the stress levels of parents as well as improving their children’s challenging behaviors.

Most of the studies in the current review indicated that mindfulness-based interventions are beneficial in improving the stress level of parents.

No significant relationships.

The prevalent co-occurrence between parental stress and depression has been established prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. However, no studies to date have identified the connections through which these symptom domains interact with each other to emerge into a complex and detrimental mental health state, along with the plausible mechanistic variables that may play key roles in maintaining parental stress and depression. The aim of this research is to uncover these interactions in a period where parents experience heightened demands and stress because of the strict social distancing protocols.

Network analysis is utilized to examine parental stress and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large cross-sectional study (N = 2,868) of parents. Two graphical Gaussian graphical network models were estimated, one in which only parental stress and depression symptoms were included, and another in which several mechanistic variables were added.

Expected influence and bridge expected influence revealed that feeling worthless was the most influential node in the symptoms network and bridged the two psychological states. Among the mechanistic variables, worry and rumination was specifically relevant in the depressive cluster of symptoms, and self-criticism was connected to both constructs.

The study displays that the co-occurrence of parental stress and depression has specific pathways, was manifested through feelings of worthlessness, and has specific patterns of connection to important mechanisms of psychopathology. The results are of utility when aiming to avoid the constellation of co-occurring parental stress and depressive symptoms during the pandemic.

Up to today, there are experimental evidences pointing out the usefulness of cognitive-behavioral interventions for the treatment of children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), including the Parent Training, classified as’empirically validated treatment’ and mainly suitable to build specific parenting skills (Pelham, Wheeler e Chronis, 1998; SINPIA, 2006).

This study examines a process of Parent Training carried out with a group of parents of children with ADHD.

Improving the parenting knowledge and skills in the strategies of management of children's problematic behaviors; encouraging the expression of emotions and managing parental stress.

The training takes place in 12 meetings, the group is formed by 4 couples of parents of children diagnosed with ADHD.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment: subjective criterion, concerning the degree of satisfaction expressed by parents in using the educational intervention techniques, learned and experienced in the group work, and objective criterion through the use of standardized pre-and post-treatment assessment tools: Parent Stress Index (PSI -RR Abidin, 2008) and Alabama Parent Questionnaire (APQ - Frick, 1991).

Acquisition of a specific knowledge of the Attention Deficit Disorder / Hyperactivity, of the strategies to manage the child's behavior, development of a parental attitude oriented toward problem-solving, becoming thus positive models of behavior, in order to promote family relationships.

This intervention adds to the management of the problems related to ADHD, the support and the management of the emotional aspects related to parental competence.

The aims of this study were to explore parents’ stress levels and negative feelings after premature births and to identify the risk factors related to parents’ stress and negative feelings during their children’s neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay.

Preterm birth is a multi-problematic event that may put the babies in danger for both their medical and neurophysiological conditions and could have a negative impact on both the mother–father relationship and the parent–child interactions.

The study involved 43 mothers and 38 fathers of preterm infants. All participants filled out the Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and the Profile of Mood States.

The results revealed significant differences between mothers’ and fathers’ responses to preterm births in terms of both stress and negative feelings. We found that, for mothers, their own young age and the baby’s need for respiratory support were significant predictors of stress; for fathers, their own young age and the baby’s lower gestational age and worse condition at birth were significant predictors of stress and negative feelings. The NICU may be a stressful place both for mothers and fathers. Identifying which mothers and fathers are at risk immediately after their children are born could help to direct specific interventions that can reduce these parents’ stress and prevent them from negative feelings.

Despite declines in tobacco use during pregnancy and after childbirth, smoking remains unacceptably high among many parents. Smoking maintenance or relapse may be common in couple relationships when the other parent continues to smoke, when relationship satisfaction is low, or parental stress high.

To examine the longitudinal influence of partner tobacco use, relationship satisfaction and parental stress on tobacco use after childbirth.

Data was obtained from 115 Australian heterosexual adult couples (Mean age = 31.8) who reported being pregnant in the previous year and the female partner was a previous or current smoker. A household longitudinal survey was administered in which measures of tobacco use, relationship satisfaction and parental stress were assessed on four occasions over nine years.

Overall reductions in tobacco use occurred over the nine-year assessment period, although a small percentage (9.6%) of parents reported being daily smokers at every assessment. Similarly, a small proportion (13.1%) of parents relapsed to using tobacco during the assessment period. A random effects binary logit model indicated that mothers and fathers were more likely to continue or relapse to tobacco use if their partners smoked. Mothers were more likely to quit smoking if they became pregnant between the assessment waves, but for males, having a pregnant partner was not a significant predictor of tobacco cessation.

While pregnancy is associated with smoking cessation for mothers, both mothers and fathers are at elevated risk of continued tobacco smoking or relapse if their partner smokes during the first nine years after childbirth. For parents who continue to smoke cigarettes or relapse after childbirth, engagement of the partner in smoking cessation may be a key factor in promoting positive outcomes.