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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 September 2005
early and automatic neuropsychological processes may be influenced by altered dopaminergic functions but cannot be fully explained by these or by altered reinforcement and extinction processes. the reinforcement-extinction model is excellent for understanding certain causal pathways of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd), but it can hardly explain the heterogeneous developmental trajectories of adhd fully. it should be integrated into a multiple pathways model.