Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 November 2018
We explicitly describe the best approximation in geodesic submanifolds of positive definite matrices obtained from involutive congruence transformations on the Cartan-Hadamard manifold  
 $\text{Sym(}n\text{,}\,\mathbb{R}{{\text{)}}^{++}}$  of positive definite matrices. An explicit calculation for the minimal distance function from the geodesic submanifold  
 $\text{Sym(}p\text{,}\,\mathbb{R}{{\text{)}}^{++}}\,\times \,\text{Sym(}q\text{,}\,\mathbb{R}{{\text{)}}^{++}}$  block diagonally embedded in  
 $\text{Sym(}n\text{,}\,\mathbb{R}{{\text{)}}^{++}}$  is given in terms of metric and spectral geometric means, Cayley transform, and Schur complements of positive definite matrices when  
 $p\,\le \,2$  or  
 $q\,\le \,2$ .