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Steady separated flow past a circular cylinder at low Reynolds numbers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2009

SUBHANKAR SEN ,
SANJAY MITTAL  and
GAUTAM BISWAS
SUBHANKAR SEN
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
SANJAY MITTAL*
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
GAUTAM BISWAS
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
*
†Email address for correspondence: smittal@iitk.ac.in
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Abstract

The steady two-dimensional laminar flow around a stationary circular cylinder has been investigated via a stabilized finite-element method. The Reynolds number Re is based on the cylinder diameter and free-stream speed. The results have been presented for 6 ≤ Re ≤ 40 and the blockages between 0.000125 and 0.80. The blockage B is the ratio of the cylinder diameter to the domain width. There is large scatter in the value of Res, reported in the literature, marking the onset of the flow separation. From the present study the Res is found to be 6.29, approximately for B = 0.005. The effect of the blockage on the characteristic flow parameters is found to be insignificant for B ≤ 0.01. The bubble length, separation angle and Res exhibit non-monotonic variation with the blockage. It is for the first time that such a behaviour for the separation angle and Res is being reported. Two types of boundary conditions at the lateral walls have been studied: the slip wall and towing tank. In general for high blockage, the results from the slip boundary condition are closer to the ones for the unbounded flow. In that sense, the use of the slip boundary condition as opposed to the towing tank boundary condition on the lateral walls is advocated. The bubble length, separation angle, base suction, total drag, pressure drag, viscous drag and maximum vorticity on the cylinder surface for the steady flow are found to vary as Re, Re−0.5, Re−1, Re−0.5, Re−0.64, Re−0.60 and Re0.5, respectively. The extrapolated results for the steady flow, for higher Re, are found to match quite well with the other results from the literature.

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Papers
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Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 620 , 10 February 2009 , pp. 89 - 119
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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