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The maximum chromium content in harzburgitic garnet: an experimental study at P–T conditions of the Earth’s upper mantle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2024

Aleksei Chepurov Open the ORCID record for Aleksei Chepurov [Opens in a new window] ,
Aleksander Turkin Open the ORCID record for Aleksander Turkin [Opens in a new window] ,
Vladimir Lin ,
Egor Zhimulev ,
Valeri Sonin ,
Anatoly Chepurov  and
Nikolai Pokhilenko
Aleksei Chepurov*
Affiliation:
V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Koptyuga Ave. 3, Novosibirsk, Russia
Aleksander Turkin
Affiliation:
V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Koptyuga Ave. 3, Novosibirsk, Russia
Vladimir Lin
Affiliation:
V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Koptyuga Ave. 3, Novosibirsk, Russia
Egor Zhimulev
Affiliation:
V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Koptyuga Ave. 3, Novosibirsk, Russia
Valeri Sonin
Affiliation:
V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Koptyuga Ave. 3, Novosibirsk, Russia
Anatoly Chepurov
Affiliation:
V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Koptyuga Ave. 3, Novosibirsk, Russia
Nikolai Pokhilenko
Affiliation:
V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Koptyuga Ave. 3, Novosibirsk, Russia
*
Corresponding author: Aleksei Chepurov; Email: achepurov@igm.nsc.ru
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Abstract

Subcalcic Cr-rich pyrope is a typical inclusion in natural diamond and considered as the main indicator mineral in diamond exploration. This article presents the results of experiments using a model garnet–spinel–harzburgite with the objective of determining the maximum Cr content of the garnet. This study supplements the existing CaO vs Cr2O3 diagram with new experimentally obtained data on Cr-rich garnets. A high-pressure apparatus (BARS) was used to conduct experiments at a pressure of 5.5 GPa and temperature of 1300°С, which corresponds to the stability field of both garnet and diamond. A model harzburgite was obtained using natural Mg-serpentine, which decomposes at the pressures and temperatures of this experiment into olivine and orthopyroxene. Natural chromite and carbonatite were used as the sources of Cr and Ca, respectively. The samples formed are composed of forsterite, enstatite, Cr-pyrope and Cr-spinel. The maximum Cr2O3 content, 16.23 wt.%, was detected in grains which grew in contact with chromite. The addition of 1–2 wt.% carbonatite resulted in the crystallisation of garnets with varying Ca contents (2.83–7.49 wt.% CaO). The experiments confirmed the boundary at 16 wt.% Cr2O3 for subcalcic pyrope associated with diamond. It is concluded that the origin of natural samples of Ca-rich lherzolitic/wherlitic and Ca-poor harzburgitic garnets with >16 wt.% Cr2O3 can be attributed to the specific Ca/Cr/Al ratios of the host medium.

Keywords

garnetchromiumperidotitemantleexperiment
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , First View , pp. 1 - 12
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Mineralogical Society of the United Kingdom and Ireland.

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Makoto Arima

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