Cybersecurity Threats, Challenges, and Current Strategies in Humanitarian Organizations

Abstract

Background/Introduction:

The digitalization of the humanitarian sector promises to enable swifter and more efficient aid delivery. However, as humanitarian organizations (HOs) increasingly rely on digital technologies, they become more vulnerable to cyber threats. This vulnerability was highlighted by the data breach suffered by the International Committee of the Red Cross in 2022, and the cyberattacks during the conflicts in Ukraine and the Gaza Strip. Unfortunately, despite HOs recognizing the importance of implementing strategies to mitigate the impact of potential cyber incidents, these often face both academic and practical limitations, as they are primarily designed for private companies.

Objectives:

This study aims to identify cyber threats, challenges and gaps in current strategies reported by the literature to provide recommendations for strengthening cybersecurity strategies tailored to the unique needs and characteristics of HOs.

Method/Description:

This study presents the results of a comprehensive review that maps existing threats and challenges associated with the digitalization of humanitarian aid delivery, as well as the current cyber preparedness, response and communication strategies employed by HOs.

Results/Outcomes:

Our results reveal a range of cyber threats and challenges faced by HOs and show a notable lack of preparedness, response, and communication strategies to address these threats.

Conclusion:

The absence of comprehensive strategies underscores the need for further research and the development of tailored solutions to strengthen cybersecurity within the humanitarian sector. HOs must draw lessons from other sectors and implement robust preparedness and response strategies to mitigate the impact of potential cyber incidents, ensuring the protection of victims and the organizations’ reputations.