Acknowledgments
In many respects, this book represents the culmination of a career’s worth of work for each of us, drawing on all we have done over our full careers. Accordingly, the acknowledgments go deep into our individual scholarly histories to give the appropriate context for all that is embodied in the present volume.
We first of all thank our respective employers, the University of Chicago (VAF: 1993–2015), The Ohio State University (BDJ: 1979–2024 and La Trobe University (VAF: 2017–2018) for research support at various levels and for all the elements essential to the completion of successful academic work. The following institutions supported us jointly for part of our collaborative work: National Endowment for the Humanities Senior Research Fellowship (2001–2002), Research Center for Linguistic Typology, La Trobe University (2001), Slavic and East European Language Resource Center, Duke University (2004, 2005), and the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig (2006). Any views, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this book do not necessarily represent those of any of the aforementioned institutions nor of any of the institutions and individuals acknowledged herein.
Both VAF and BDJ received various individual grants, fellowships, and the like that supported the research that was essential for this book. In some cases the support was for research before we began this project, but that research was of fundamental importance to this ultimate result, and so we thank those funders here as well:
For VAF
International Research and Exchanges Board Doctoral Research Fellowship (1973–1974)
Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Research Fellowship (1973–1974)
National Endowment for the Humanities Category A Fellowship (1980–1981)
American Council of Learned Societies Fellowship for Postdoctoral Research in East European Studies (1985–1986)
American Council of Learned Societies Fellowship for Postdoctoral Research in East European Studies (2000–2001)
Research Center for Linguistic Typology, Visiting Fellow, La Trobe University (2004, 2006)
John Simon Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship (2008–2009)
Fulbright-Hays Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship (2008–2009)
Research Center for Areal Linguistics, Honorary Affiliate, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (2008–2009)
ACTR/ACCLES Title VIII Fellowship (2012–2013)
American Council of Learned Societies, National Endowment for the Humanities & Social Science Research Council International and Area Studies Fellowship (2012–2013)
Center for Research on Linguistic Diversity, Honorary Associate, La Trobe University, Australia (2013, 2016, 2019)
For BDJ
Izaak Walton Killam Memorial Post-Doctoral Fellowship, The University of Alberta (1978–1979)
Summer Stipend, National Endowment for the Humanities (Summer 1980)
Fulbright Research Award, The Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece (Summer/Fall 1987)
Research Fellowship, Joint Committee on Eastern Europe of the American Council of Learned Societies and the Social Science Research Council (1993–1994)
Erskine Visiting Fellowship, University of Canterbury, New Zealand (June–August 1997)
Visiting Research Fellowship, Research Centre for Linguistic Typology, La Trobe University, Australia (July–August 2001)
Research Grant, National Slavic and East European Language Resource Center (SEELRC), Duke University/University of North Carolina (March 2005–February 2006)
Special Distinguished Visiting Fellowship, Research Centre for Linguistic Typology, La Trobe University, Australia (July 20–August 10, 2006)
Indo-European Documentation Center Language grant, University of Texas (September 2010–June 2011)
Fellowship, Harvard University’s Center for Hellenic Studies, 2013–2014
We have also benefitted greatly over the years from opportunities for teaching about Balkan linguistics, both at our respective home institutions and via various visiting appointments, and for giving papers at conferences and lectures as invited speakers. These all furthered our own understanding of the subject matter as we worked to organize our thoughts in each case. Overall, there are too many to list here, but the feedback from the numerous students and colleagues who attended those presentations was invaluable in shaping what we present here, and we thank everyone involved.
We also acknowledge the support of the Center for Slavic and East European Studies at The Ohio State University, through a grant-in-aid towards preparing the final manuscript and for travel support to bring VAF to Columbus for working visits on several occasions. Similarly, the Kenneth E. Naylor Professorship fund supported BDJ’s travel to Chicago for numerous working visits and provided funds for copyediting and the like for the document. We also wish to thank the Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of North Macedonia for permission to reprint one of the maps from the 1994 census.
Over the years, many hundreds of colleagues, friends, students, acquaintances, and audience members at presentations have contributed in many and varied ways to this work beyond the specific items cited in the References, and we thank them all, even though we cannot mention them all by name. Still, we wish to thank the following friends, colleagues, and consultants, groups which, in some cases, include members of their families as well, for their help with specific points and examples in this book that are not always listed in published works in the bibliography, and we apologize in advance to those who do not see their names here; erare humanum est:
Jennifer Boguski Acan, Bashkim Ademi, Oktay Ahmet, Aleka Akoyunoglou, Ronelle Alexander, Helga Anetshofer-Karateke, Catalin Anghelina, Sena Arif, Teuta Arifi, Bajsa Arifoska, Kagan Arik, Petya Asenova, Petar Atanasov, Emir Cenk Aydın, Anna Babel, Eqrem Basha, Mary Beckman, Bojan Belić, Elez Beslimi, Marie Bissell, Norbert Boretzky, Claire Bowern, Wayles Browne, Eleni Bužarovska, Costas Canakis, Petra Cech, Ioana Chitoran, Cynthia Clopper, Daniel Collins, Eva Csató, Matthew Curtis, Hope Dawson, Kees de Bot, Ljatif and Fatima Demireskoro, Rozita Dimova, Andrew Dombrowski, Julián Victor Méndez Dosuna, Aneta Dučevska, Denis Durmish, Enisa Eminovska, Marcel Erdal, Joseph Eska, Donka Farkas, Grace Fielder, Cornell Fleischer, Marc Greenberg, Alexander Grosu, Joana Hagilega, Dieter Halwachs, Mozes Heinschinck, Frans Hinskens, Jim Hlavac, Birgit Igla, Angelina Ilieva, Rexhep Ismajli, Tanya Ivanova-Sullivan, Valentina Izmirlieva, Davor Jankuloski, Mark Janse, Sejdo Jašarov, Lars Johanson, Thede Kahl, Roza Kamhi, Mate Kapović, Hakan Karateke, Jerneja Kavčič, Jared Klein, Björn Köhnlein, Žamila Kolonomos, Marina Kostova, Christina Kramer, Hristo Kyuchukov, Dona Labru, Nikolaos Lavidas, Anastassia Loukina, Peter Mackridge, Martin Maiden, Maxim Makartsev, Milcho Manchevski, Marjan Markovikj, Katerina Mitevska Markovikj, Roland Marti, Yaron Matras, H. Craig Melchert, Linda Mëniku, Detmar Meurers, Marcela Michalkova, Sonja Milenkovska, César Montoliu, Terrell Morgan, Johannes Mücke, Rexhina Ndoci, Vasiliki Neofotistos, Alexandru Nicolae, Motoki Nomachi, Terence Odlin, Angelina Pančevska, Josh Pennington, James Pflege, Kiril (Kili) Pop Hristov, Eric Prendergast, Tonio Sebastian Richter, Catherine Rudin, Bardh and Lindita Rugova, Afrodita Salievska, Sali Salievski, Joseph Schallert, Oliver Jens Schmitt, Biljana Sikimić, Vesela Simeonova, Ioanna Sitaridou, Anastasia Smirnova, Aristotle Spiro, Luan and Gëzime Starova, Jane Sugarman, Marija Tabain, Aurore Tirard, Damayanti Tiwari, Zuzanna Topolińska, Valbona Toska, Tomislav and Violeta Trenevski, Ianthi Maria Tsimpli, Mladen Uhlik, Boudewijn van den Berg, Nicoline van der Sijs, Barbara Vance, Rada Ugrinova, Teodora Vuković, Dieter Wanner, and Murat Yasavul.
The Slavic bibliographers June Pachuta Farris† (University of Chicago) and Mary Allen (Pasha) Johnson (OSU) were of enormous help in tracking down many difficult items. Their expertise was vital to the successful completion of this project. Mary Allen also did an enormous service to us in the early days to get the first version of the References into a usable state so that others after her could work further on refining it. In that regard, we thank also various students, former and current, at The Ohio State University, in particular Bethany Christiansen, Angelo Costanzo, Jazmin Diaz, Antonio Hernandez, Shuan Karim, Michelle McKenzie, Junyu Ruan, and Elizabeth (Libby) Tatz, who helped especially with the References but also in some cases with other aspects of developing and eventually cleaning up the final version of the whole manuscript. In addition, we thank OSU then-student, and now-B.A., Dan Havens and OSU B.A. Kate Kinnaird for their early help with developing the index entries, but in that regard, we are especially grateful to Dr. Roy Kimmey, whose hard and careful work on the indices brought them to their final state of excellence and high usefulness to readers. Dr. Kimmey also helped enormously with both finding and fixing typos and implementing corrections in the final stage of preparing the manuscript.
We would like to express our extreme gratitude to Helen Barton, our commissioning editor, and her assistant Isabel (“Izzie”) Collins, both at Cambridge University Press, as well as Maureen Walsh of The Ohio State University Libraries and the Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem (TOME) program and Dr. Esther M. Peters, at the time, Associate Director of the Center for East European and Russian/Eurasian Studies (CEERES) at the University of Chicago, for expertly guiding us through the complicated legal and bureaucratic seas of open access paperwork (contracts, invoices, and such).
The publication of our book as an Open Access work has been made possible in part through support from the Center for Slavic, East European and Eurasian Studies at The Ohio State University and the Center for East European and Russian/Eurasian Studies (CEERES) at the University of Chicago through funding from the International and Foreign Language Education division of the United States Department of Education. In addition, several other programs, departments, and institutions at The Ohio State University and the University of Chicago have provided funding for the open access fee, specifically the following:
At The Ohio State University:
Department of Classics
Department of Linguistics
Department of Slavic and East European Languages and Cultures
Division of Arts and Humanities
Office of International Affairs
The Mershon Center for International Security Studies
The Nikola Tesla Memorial Fund of the Hilandar Research Library and the Resource Center for Medieval Slavic Studies
Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem (TOME) program through The Ohio State University Libraries
At the University of Chicago:
Department of Linguistics
Division of the Humanities
We are deeply grateful to all of these sources for helping to make our scholarship available to as wide an audience as possible. We are also grateful to the Emeriti Center and the Office of the Provost at the University of Chicago for the support which made the indexing of this volume possible.
Finally, we thank our patient and uncomplaining spouses, Paul R. Clyne (VAF) and Mary E. Clark (BDJ).
Open access