The advent of new technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), has expanded the array of options and enhanced performance in addressing biothreats. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the specific applications of AI in addressing biothreats, aiming to inform and enhance future practices. Research indicates that AI has significantly contributed to infectious disease surveillance and emergency responses, as well as bioterrorism mitigation; despite its limitations, it merits ongoing attention for further study and exploration. The effective deployment of next-generation AI in mitigating biothreats will largely hinge on our ability to engage in continuous experiential learning, acquire high-quality data, refine algorithms, and iteratively update practices. Meanwhile, it is essential to assess the operational risks associated with AI in the context of biothreats and develop robust solutions to mitigate potential risks.
