Book contents
- The Cambridge History of Nationhood and Nationalism
- The Cambridge History of Nationhood and Nationalism
- The Cambridge History of Nationhood and Nationalism
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Contributors
- General Introduction
- Part i The Politics of Ethnicity, Nationhood, and Belonging in the Settings of Classical Civilizations
- Part ii Paradigm Shifts and Turning Points in the Era of Globalization, 1500 to the Present
- 7 Colonial Expansion and the Making of Nations: The Spanish Case
- 8 The Reformation and National Identity
- 9 Europe’s Eighteenth Century and the Quest for the Nation’s Origins
- 10 Empire, War, and Racial Hierarchy in the Making of the Atlantic Revolutionary Nations
- 11 The Rise of the Charismatic Nation: Romantic and Risorgimento Nationalism, Europe, 1800–1914
- 12 Revolution and Independence in Spanish America
- 13 A Tale of Two Cities: The American Civil War
- 14 The Cycle of Inevitability in Imperial and Republican Identities in China
- 15 Colonial Subjects and the Struggle for Self-Determination, 1880–1918
- 16 The First World War
- 17 Anticolonialism and Nationalism in the French Empire
- 18 Patriotism in the Second World War: Comparative Perspectives on Countries under Axis Occupation
- 19 Decolonization and the Cold War
- 20 1968: The Death of Nationalism?
- Conclusion to Part II
- Index
- References
12 - Revolution and Independence in Spanish America
from Part ii - Paradigm Shifts and Turning Points in the Era of Globalization, 1500 to the Present
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 October 2023
- The Cambridge History of Nationhood and Nationalism
- The Cambridge History of Nationhood and Nationalism
- The Cambridge History of Nationhood and Nationalism
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Contributors
- General Introduction
- Part i The Politics of Ethnicity, Nationhood, and Belonging in the Settings of Classical Civilizations
- Part ii Paradigm Shifts and Turning Points in the Era of Globalization, 1500 to the Present
- 7 Colonial Expansion and the Making of Nations: The Spanish Case
- 8 The Reformation and National Identity
- 9 Europe’s Eighteenth Century and the Quest for the Nation’s Origins
- 10 Empire, War, and Racial Hierarchy in the Making of the Atlantic Revolutionary Nations
- 11 The Rise of the Charismatic Nation: Romantic and Risorgimento Nationalism, Europe, 1800–1914
- 12 Revolution and Independence in Spanish America
- 13 A Tale of Two Cities: The American Civil War
- 14 The Cycle of Inevitability in Imperial and Republican Identities in China
- 15 Colonial Subjects and the Struggle for Self-Determination, 1880–1918
- 16 The First World War
- 17 Anticolonialism and Nationalism in the French Empire
- 18 Patriotism in the Second World War: Comparative Perspectives on Countries under Axis Occupation
- 19 Decolonization and the Cold War
- 20 1968: The Death of Nationalism?
- Conclusion to Part II
- Index
- References
Summary
The eighteenth and early nineteenth century encompassed rapid political, social, and economic changes in the Atlantic world. The French Revolution and French expansionism under Napoleon Bonaparte accelerated the restructuring of the Hispanic world. Unfortunately, Spain had to navigate the challenging international period without the great enlightened monarch Carlos III (1759–1788), who had presided over a major intellectual transformation in the Spanish world. Ironically, for much of the period Spain and France cooperated to thwart British naval power in the Atlantic and its territorial ambitions in the Americas. The alliance devastated the Spanish economy and led to the defeat of the Spanish navy at Trafalgar.2 These disasters provoked public discontent, allowing anti-French factions in Spain to force the abdication of Carlos IV in March 1808. When Fernando VII became king, French troops were already on Spanish soil since his father had given Napoleon permission to cross Spain and occupy Portugal.
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- The Cambridge History of Nationhood and Nationalism , pp. 256 - 280Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2023