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Chapter 4 - Preoperative Anxiety

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 November 2019

By
Rebecca Evans  and
William D. Ryan
Edited by
Adam C. Adler ,
Arvind Chandrakantan  and
Ronald S. Litman
Adam C. Adler
Affiliation:
Texas Children's Hospital
Arvind Chandrakantan
Affiliation:
Texas Children's Hospital
Ronald S. Litman
Affiliation:
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
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Summary

This chapter provides the reader with a detailed background and approach to children and families with pre-operative anxiety. The risk factors associated with parental and patient anxiety are reviewed before the reader is provided methods for pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic strategies for anxiolysis. Each of the anxiolytics commonly used in pediatrics are reviewed.

Keywords

Preoperative anxietyseparation anxietyrisk factorsbehavioralpharmacologicparental presencepremedication.
Type
Chapter
Information
Case Studies in Pediatric Anesthesia , pp. 19 - 23
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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References

Suggested Reading

Kain, ZN, Mayes, LC, Caramico, LA, et al. Parental presence during induction of anesthesia: A randomized controlled trial. Anesthesiology. 1996;84:1060–7. PMID: 8623999.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kain, Z, Mayes, L, Wang, S, et al. Parental presence during induction of anesthesia vs. sedative premedication: Which intervention is more effective? Anesthesiology. 1998;89:1147–56. PMID: 9822003.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kain, Z, Mayes, L, Wang, S, et al. Parental presence and a sedative premedicant for children undergoing surgery: A hierarchical study. Anesthesiology. 2000;92:939–46. PMID: 10754612.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Litman, RS. Allaying anxiety in children: When a funny thing happens on the way to the operating room. Anesthesiology. 2011;115(1):4–5. PMID: 21572313.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Litman, RS, Berger, AA, Chhibber, A. An evaluation of preoperative anxiety in a population of parents of infants and children undergoing ambulatory surgery. Pediatr Anaesth. 1996;6:443–7. PMID: 8936540.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Litman, RS, Perkins, FM, Dawson, SC. Parental knowledge and attitudes toward discussing the risk of death from anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1993;77:256–60. PMID: 8346823.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maranets, I, Kain, ZN. Preoperative anxiety and intraoperative anesthetic requirements. Anesth Analg. 1999; 89:1346–51. PMID: 10589606.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCann, ME, Kain, ZN. The management of preoperative anxiety in children: An update. Anesth Analg. 2001;93(1):98–105. PMID: 11429348.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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