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Chapter 79 - Cavernous malformations

from Section 3 - Symptomatic epilepsy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2012

By
Adrian M. Siegel
Edited by
Simon D. Shorvon ,
Frederick Andermann  and
Renzo Guerrini
Simon D. Shorvon
Affiliation:
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London
Frederick Andermann
Affiliation:
Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute
Renzo Guerrini
Affiliation:
Child Neurology Unit, Meyer Pediatric Hospital, Florence
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Summary

This chapter discusses the demographic data, pathological characteristics and pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy in Cavernous malformations (CMs). It presents genetic aspects, clinical features, diagnostic tools and therapeutic options for CMs. CMs are characterized by low-flow sinusoidal vessels lined by thin endothelial walls with no obvious feeding arteries or venous drainage. For an optimal therapeutic approach it is mandatory to understand the epilepsy inducing mechanisms associated with CMs. Numerous studies of magnetoencephalography (MEG) in medically intractable epilepsy have shown that MEG can detect interictal and ictal epileptiform activity. The role in diagnosis and the history of imaging techniques such as cerebral angiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as the radiological characteristics of CM have been extensively reviewed in recent literature. The optimal management of CMs presenting with epileptic seizures is still a matter of debate.

Keywords

antiepileptic drugscerebral tumorscraniotomyneurosurgerypost-traumatic epilepsyde novo epilepsyintracranial tumors
Type
Chapter
Information
The Causes of Epilepsy
Common and Uncommon Causes in Adults and Children
 , pp. 559 - 564
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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