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4 - The Success and Failure of Resilience in the European Mesolithic

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2018

By
Rick J. Schulting
Edited by
Daniel H. Temple  and
Christopher M. Stojanowski
Daniel H. Temple
Affiliation:
George Mason University, Virginia
Christopher M. Stojanowski
Affiliation:
Arizona State University
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Summary

This chapter uses stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data to explore patterns of hunterg-gatherer resilience in two distinct contexts in Mesolithic Europe. In south Wales, isotopic data argue for the persistence of livelihood strategies and identities 8.2kya event, the most severa Holocene climatic downturn in the northern hemisphere. The persistence of a hunterg-gatherer lifestyle was facilitated by peoples that adopted a broad spectrum economy that allowed flexibility during periods of environmental turmoil. In contrast, hunter-gatherers appear to have abandoned the west coast of Scotland, which I argue was due to an excessively focused subsistence economy resulting in a lack of resilience and the need to transform the socio0economic system. In the second context, broadly the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in northwest Europe, stable isotope data indicate a sharp change in diet suggesting a lack of resilience and the initiation of a new adaptive cycle focused on mixed farming. It is unclear to what extent allochthonous farmers contributed to this dietary transition, a question solvable through the extraction of DNA from the peoples that participated in this transition.
Type
Chapter
Information
Hunter-Gatherer Adaptation and Resilience
A Bioarchaeological Perspective
 , pp. 65 - 84
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

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