Bibliography

Martin Horn

doi:10.1017/9781108653602.012

Banking and Monetary Statistics, 1914–1941. New York: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 1943. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Google Scholar

Budget of the United States Government. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office 2020.Google Scholar

Bureau of the Census. Historical Statistics of the United States, Vol. 2: Colonial Times to 1970. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1975. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/author/united-states-bureau-census#237 Google Scholar

Office of the Historian. Foreign Relations of the United States. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments Google Scholar

Historical Statistics of the United States, Vol. 2: Colonial Times to 1970. United States Bureau of the Census, Series X 510–15, p. 1006, https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/historical-statistics-united-states-237/volume-2-5808.Google Scholar

Investigation of Railroads, Holding Companies, and Affiliated Companies [Wheeler Committee]. Subcommittee of the United States Senate Committee on Interstate Commerce, 75th Congress, 1st session, Part 3, 17–18 December 1936, and Part 6, 3–5 March 1937. United States. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1938. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951d03505331k&view=1up&seq=4&skin=2021 Google Scholar

Money Trust Investigation of Financial and Monetary Conditions in the United States [Pujo Committee]. Subcommittee of the Committee on Banking and Currency. United States. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office 1913. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/money-trust-investigation-80?browse=1910s Google Scholar

Monthly Review of Credit and Business Conditions. New York: Federal Reserve Bank of New York.Google Scholar

The Public Papers of Presidents of the United States: Herbert Hoover, 4 vols. 1930. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1974–77.Google Scholar

The Report of the Committee to Investigate the Concentration of Control of Money and Credit. House of Representatives. 62nd Congress, 3rd session. United States. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1913. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/report-committee-appointed-pursuant-house-resolutions-429-504-investigate-concentration-control-money-credit-1329 Google Scholar

Sale of Foreign Bonds or Securities in the United States. Hearings before the United States Senate Committee on Finance, 72nd Congress, Part 1, 18–19 and 21 December 1931. United States. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1932. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/sale-foreign-bonds-securities-united-states-398?browse=1930s Google Scholar

Special Committee Investigating the Munitions Industry [Nye Committee]. United States Senate. 74th Congress, 2nd session, Parts 25–29, 7–8, 9–10, 13–14, and 15–16 January 1936, 4–5 February 1936. United States. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1937. https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000964105 Google Scholar

Stock Exchange Practices [Pecora Committee]. Hearings before the Sub-Committee of the United States Senate Committee on Banking and Currency, 73rd Congress, 1st session, Part 1, 23–25 May 1933, Part II, 26 and 31 May 1933, 1–2 and 5–9 June 1933. United States. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1933. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/stock-exchange-practices-87?browse=1930s Google Scholar

Temporary National Economic Committee. 76th Congress, 2nd session, Part 23, 15, 18–19, and 20 December 1939. United States. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1940. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044032276537&view=1up&seq=4&skin=2021 Google Scholar

United States of America before the Securities and Exchange Commission in the Matter of Richard Whitney, et al. United States. Vols. 1–3. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1938. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112059644259&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021 Google Scholar

Accominitti, Olivier. “International Banking and Transmission of the 1931 Financial Crisis.” London School of Economics and CEPR, November 2016. https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=11651 CrossRef Google Scholar

Agar, Herbert and Tate, Allen. Who Owns America? A New Declaration of Independence. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1936.Google Scholar

Aguado, Iago Gil. “The Creditanstalt Crisis of 1931 and the Failure of the Austro-German Customs Union Project.” Historical Journal, vol. 44, no. 1 (2001), pp. 199–221.Google Scholar

Ahamed, Liaquat. Lords of Finance: The Bankers Who Broke the World. New York: Penguin Press, 2009.Google Scholar

Allen, Frederick Lewis. The Lords of Creation. New York: Harper Brothers, 1935. [Reprint: Quandrangle Books, 1966.]Google Scholar

Allen, Frederick Lewis. Only Yesterday. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1931.Google Scholar

Allen, Frederick Lewis. Since Yesterday. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1940.Google Scholar

Allen, Julia M. Passionate Commitments: The Lives of Anna Rochester and Grace Hutchins. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2013.Google Scholar

Allen, Robert S. More Merry-Go-Round, by the Authors of Washington Merry-Go-Round. New York: Liveright Press, 1932.Google Scholar

Anonymous. The Mirrors of Wall Street. New York: G.P. Putnam’s & Sons, 1933.Google Scholar

Archer, Jules. The Plot to Seize the White House. New York: Hawthorne Books, 1973.Google Scholar

Artaud, Denise. “Reparations and War Debts: The Restoration of French Financial Power, 1919–1929,” in Boyce, Robert ed. French Foreign and Defence Policy, 1918–1940. London: Routledge, 1998, pp. 88–105.Google Scholar

Attack, Jeremy and Passell, Peter. A New Economic View of American History, 2nd ed. New York: W.W. Norton, 1994.Google Scholar

Awalt, Francis Gloyd. “Recollections of the Banking Crisis of 1933.” Business History Review, vol. 43, no. 3 (1969), pp. 347–71.CrossRef Google Scholar

Badger, Anthony. FDR: The First Hundred Days. New York: Hill and Wang, 2008.Google Scholar

Barber, William. From New Era to New Deal: Herbert Hoover, the Economists, and American Economic Policy, 1921–1933. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.CrossRef Google Scholar

Beckert, Sven. Empire of Cotton: A Global History. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.Google Scholar

Beckhart, Benjamin Haggott. The New York Money Market, Vol. 3, ed. Beckhart, Benjamin Haggott. New York: Columbia University Press, 1931–32. [Reprint: New York: AMS Press, 1971.]Google Scholar

Beckhart, Benjamin Haggott and Smith, James G.. The New York Money Market, Vol. 2, ed. Beckhart, Benjamin Haggott. New York: Columbia University Press, 1931–32. [Reprint: New York: AMS Press, 1971.]Google Scholar

Bell, Elliott V. “The Decline of the Money Barons,” in Baldwin, Hanson W. and Stone, Shepard eds. We Saw It Happen: The News behind the News That’s Fit to Print. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1938, pp. 135–67.Google Scholar

Bell, P.M.H. The Origins of the Second World War in Europe, 2nd ed. Harlow: Longman, 1997.Google Scholar

Bennett, Edward W. Germany and the Diplomacy of the Financial Crisis, 1931. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1962.Google Scholar

Benston, George J. The Separation of Commercial and Investment Banking: The Glass-Steagall Act Revisited and Reconsidered – A Retrospective of the Pecora Committee. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990.CrossRef Google Scholar

Berle, Beatrice Bishop and Jacobs, Travis Beal, eds. Navigating the Rapids, 1918–1971: From the Papers of Adolf A. Berle. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1973.Google Scholar

Birmingham, Stephen. Our Crowd: The Great Jewish Families of New York. New York: Harper & Row, 1967.Google Scholar

Black, Conrad. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Champion of Freedom. New York: Public Affairs, 2003.Google Scholar

Blower, Brooke. Becoming Americans in Paris: Transatlantic Politics and Culture between the World Wars. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.Google Scholar

Blower, Brooke L. “From Isolationism to Neutrality: A New Framework for Understanding American Political Culture, 1919–1941.” Diplomatic History, vol. 38, no. 3 (2014), pp. 345–76.Google Scholar

Blumenthal, Henry. Illusion and Reality in Franco-American Diplomacy 1914–1945. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 1986.Google Scholar

Boemeke, Manfed F., Feldman, Gerald D., and Glaser, Elisabeth eds. The Treaty of Versailles: A Reassessment after 75 Years. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.Google Scholar

Bonin, Hubert and Goey, Ferry de, eds. American Firms in Europe 1880–1980. Geneva: Librairie Droz, 2009.Google Scholar

Bordo, Michael and Landon-Lane, John. “The Banking Panics in the United States in the 1930s: Some Lessons for Today,” in Crafts, Nicholas and Fearon, Peter, eds. The Great Depression of the 1930s: Lessons for Today. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013, pp. 188–211.Google Scholar

Borg, Dorothy. The United States and the Far Eastern Crisis of 1933–1938. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1964.CrossRef Google Scholar

Boulanger, Renaud. “La question de rapprochement financier et banquier entre la France et les États-Unis a la fin des années 1920. L’entremise de Pierre Quesnay.” Histoire@Politique, no. 19 (2013).CrossRef Google Scholar

Boyce, Robert. British Capitalism at the Crossroads 1919–1932. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.Google Scholar

Boyce, Robert. The Great Interwar Crisis and the Collapse of Globalization. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.Google Scholar

Brinkley, Alan. The End of Reform: New Deal Liberalism in Recession and War. New York: Vintage Books, 1996.Google Scholar

Brinkley, Alan. Voices of Protest, Huey Long, Father Coughlin and the Great Depression. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1982.Google Scholar

Brooks, John. Once in Golconda. New York: Harper & Row, 1969. [Reprint: New York: John Wiley & Sons 1999.]Google Scholar

Browder, Robert Paul and Smith, Thomas G.. Independent: A Biography of Lewis Douglas. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1986.Google Scholar

Brown, E. Cary. “Fiscal Policy in the Thirties: A Reappraisal.” American Economic Review, Vol. 46 (1956), pp. 857–79.Google Scholar

Brownlee, W. Elliott. “Russell Cornell Leffingwell,” in Schweikart, Larry ed. Encyclopedia of American Business History and Biography, Banking and Finance. New York: Facts on File, 1990.Google Scholar

Broz, J. Lawrence. The International Origins of the Federal Reserve System. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Burk, Kathleen. Britain, America and the Sinews of War. London: Allen & Unwin, 1985.Google Scholar

Burk, Kathleen. “The House of Morgan in Financial Diplomacy, 1920–1930,” in McKercher, B.J.C. ed. Anglo-American Relations in the 1920s. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1990, pp. 125–57.Google Scholar

Burk, Kathleen. “A Merchant Bank at War: The House of Morgan 1914–1918,” in Cottrell, P.L and Moggridge, D.E. eds. Money and Power. London: Macmillan, 1988, pp. 155–72.Google Scholar

Burk, Kathleen. Morgan Grenfell 1838–1988. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.Google Scholar

Burk, Robert E., ed. The Diary Letters of Hiram Johnson, 1917–1945, 7 vols. New York: Garland Publishing, 1983.Google Scholar

Burns, Helen. The American Banking Community and New Deal Banking Reforms 1933–1935. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1974.Google Scholar

Butler, Michael A. Cautious Visionary: Cordell Hull and Trade Reform, 1933–1937. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1998.Google Scholar

Cain, Peter J. and Hopkins, Anthony G.. British Imperialism, 1688–2000. 2nd ed. Harlow: Longman, 2001.Google Scholar

Cairncross, Alec and Eichengreen, Barry. Sterling in Decline. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983.Google Scholar

Calomiris, Charles W. and Wilson, Barry. “Bank Capital and Portfolio Management: The 1930’s Capital Crunch and the Scramble to Shed Risk.” The Journal of Business, vol. 77, no. 3 (2004), pp. 421–55.Google Scholar

Cannadine, David. Mellon: An American Life. New York: Vintage Books, 2008.Google Scholar

Carosso, Vincent P. Investment Banking in America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1970.Google Scholar

Carosso, Vincent P. The Morgans: Private International Bankers 1854–1913. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1987.Google Scholar

Carosso, Vincent P. “The Morgan Houses: The Seniors, Their Partners, and Their Aides,” in Frese, Joseph R. and Judd, Jacob, eds. American Industrialization, Economic Expansion and the Law. Tarrytown, NY: Sleepy Hollow Press, 1981, pp. 1–36.Google Scholar

Carosso, Vincent P. “The Wall Street Money Trust from Pujo through Medina.” Business History Review, vol. 47, no. 4 (1973), pp. 421–37.Google Scholar

Carroll, John W. “Owen D. Young and German Reparations: The Diplomacy of an Enlightened Businessman,” in Jones, Kenneth Paul ed. U.S. Diplomats in Europe, 1919–1941. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio, 1983, pp. 43–62.Google Scholar

Case, Josephine Young and Case, Everett Needham. Owen D. Young and American Enterprise. Boston: David R. Godine, 1982.Google Scholar

Cassis, Youssef and Bussières, Eric, eds. London and Paris As International Financial Centres in the Twentieth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Cassis, Youssef and Cottrell, P.L., eds. Private Banking in Europe: Rise, Retreat and Resurgence. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.Google Scholar

Chandler, Lester V. America’s Greatest Depression, 1929–1941. New York: Harper & Row, 1970.Google Scholar

Chandler, Lester V. Benjamin Strong: Central Banker. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1958.Google Scholar

Chapman, Herrick. State Capitalism and Working Class Radicalism in the French Aircraft Industry. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1991.Google Scholar

Chapman, Stanley. The Rise of Merchant Banking. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1984.Google Scholar

Chase, Stuart. “Capital Not Wanted.” Harper’s Magazine, vol. 180 (February 1940).Google Scholar

Chase, Stuart. “Shadow over Wall Street.” Harper’s Magazine, vol. 180 (March 1940).Google Scholar

Chernow, Ron. The House of Morgan. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1990.Google Scholar

Childs, Marquis. “They Hate Roosevelt”, in Frank Friedel ed. The New Deal and the American People. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1964, pp. 98–104.Google Scholar

Clarke, Stephen V.O. Central Bank Cooperation 1924–1931. New York: Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 1967.Google Scholar

Clavin, Patricia. The Failure of Economic Diplomacy: Britain, Germany, France, and the United States, 1931–36. London: Macmillan, 1996.Google Scholar

Clavin, Patricia. “Reparations in the Long Run.” Diplomacy and Statecraft, vol. 16, no. 3 (2005), pp. 515–30.Google Scholar

Clavin, Patricia. Securing the World Economy: The Reinvention of the League of Nations, 1920–1946. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.Google Scholar

Clay, Sir Henry. Lord Norman. London: MacMillan & Co., 1957.Google Scholar

Clement, Piet. “‘The Touchstone of German Credit’: Nazi Germany and the Service of the Dawes and Young Loans.” Financial History Review, vol. 11, no. 1 (2004), pp. 33–50.Google Scholar

Clements, Kendrick A. The Life of Herbert Hoover: Imperfect Visionary, 1918–1928. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.Google Scholar

Cleveland, Harold van B. and Huertas, Thomas F.. Citibank, 1812–1970. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985.Google Scholar

Cohrs, Patrick. The Unfinished Peace after World War I. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Cole, Wayne S. Roosevelt and the Isolationists, 1932–1945. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1983.Google Scholar

Corey, Lewis. The House of Morgan. New York: G. Howard Watt, 1930. [Reprint: New York: AMS, 1969.]Google Scholar

Costigliola, Frank. Awkward Dominion: American Political, Economic, and Cultural Relations with Europe, 1919–1933. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1984.Google Scholar

Costigliola, Frank C. “Anglo-American Financial Rivalry in the 1920s.” Journal of Economic History, vol. 37, no. 4 (1977), pp. 911–34.Google Scholar

Coulter, Matthew Ware. The Senate Munitions Inquiry of the 1930s. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Cross, Colin. Philip Snowden. London: Barrie and Rockliff, 1966.Google Scholar

Crowcroft, Robert. The End Is Nigh: British Politics, Power and the Road of the Second World War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.Google Scholar

Cull, Nicholas. Selling War: The British Propaganda Campaign Against American “Neutrality” in World War II. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.Google Scholar

Dallek, Robert. Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy, 1932–1945. New York: Oxford University Press, 1981.Google Scholar

Davis, Kenneth S. FDR: The New York Years 1928–1933. New York: Random House, 1985.Google Scholar

Dawley, Alan. Changing the World: American Progressives in War and Revolution. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003.Google Scholar

Dayer, Roberta Allbert. Finance and Empire: Sir Charles Addis, 1861–1945. London: Macmillan, 1988.Google Scholar

De Grazia, Victoria. Irresistible Empire: America’s Advance Through Twentieth-Century Europe. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Dennis, Lawrence. Is Capitalism Doomed? New York: Harper Brothers, 1932.Google Scholar

Denton, Sally. The Plots Against the President: FDR, A Nation in Crisis, and the Rise of the American Right. New York: Bloomsbury Press, 2012.Google Scholar

Diggins, John P. Mussolini and Fascism: The View from America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1972.Google Scholar

Doenecke, Justus D. “U.S. Policy and the European War, 1939–41.” Diplomatic History, vol. 19, no. 4 (1995), pp. 669–98.Google Scholar

Dulles, John Foster. “Our Foreign Loan Policy.” Foreign Affairs, vol. 5, no. 1 (1926), pp. 33–48.Google Scholar

Dunlap, Annette B. Charles Gates Dawes: A Life. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 2016.Google Scholar

Eccles, Marriner S. Beckoning Frontiers. New York: Knopf, 1951.Google Scholar

Eichengreen, Barry. Golden Fetters: The Gold Standard and the Great Depression, 1919–1939. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.Google Scholar

Eichengreen, Barry. “The Political Economy of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff.” NBER Working Paper Series, No. 2001, August 1986.Google Scholar

Eichengreen, Barry. “U.S. Foreign Financial Relations in the Twentieth Century,” in Engerman, Stanley L. and Gallman, Robert E. eds. The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, Vol. 3: The Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000, pp. 463–504.CrossRef Google Scholar

Ellwood, David. The Shock of America: Europe and the Challenge of the Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.CrossRef Google Scholar

Farley, James A. Jim Farley’s Story: The Roosevelt Years. New York: Whittlesey House, 1948.Google Scholar

Farnham, Barbara Rearden. Roosevelt and the Munich Crisis. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Fearon, Peter. War, Prosperity and Depression: The U.S. Economy 1917–45. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 1987.Google Scholar

Feiertag, Olivier. “Pierre Quesnay et les réseaux de l’internationisme monétaire en Europe (1919–1937),” in Dumoulin, Michel ed. Les réseaux économiques de la construction européene au XX^e siècle. Bern: Peter Lang, 2004, pp. 331–49.Google Scholar

Fein-Phillips, Kim. Invisible Hands: The Making of the Conservative Movement from the New Deal to Reagan. New York: W.W. Norton, 2009.Google Scholar

Feis, Herbert. Europe: The World’s Banker, 1870–1914. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1930. [Reprint: New York: W.W. Norton, 1965.]Google Scholar

Feldman, Gerald D. “The Reparations Debate.” Diplomacy and Statecraft, vol. 16, no. 3 (2005), pp. 487–98.Google Scholar

Ferguson, Thomas. “From Normalcy to New Deal.” International Organization, vol. 38, no. 1 (1984), pp. 41–94.Google Scholar

Ferrell, Robert H. American Diplomacy in the Great Depression: Hoover-Stimson Foreign Policy, 1929–1933. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1957.Google Scholar

Field, Alexander J. A Great Leap Forward: 1930s Depression and U.S. Economic Growth. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2011.Google Scholar

Findlay, Ronald and O’Rourke, Kevin. Power and Plenty: Trade, War, and the World Economy in the Second Millennium. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007.Google Scholar

Fischer, Conan. “The Human Price of Reparations.” Diplomacy and Statecraft, vol. 16, no. 3 (2005), pp. 499–514.Google Scholar

Fischer, Conan. A Vision of Europe: Franco-German Relations during the Great Depression 1929–1932. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.Google Scholar

Flandreau, Marc, ed. Money Doctors: The Experience of International Financial Advising, 1850–2000. London: Routledge 2003.Google Scholar

Flandreau, Marc, Gaillard, Norbert J., and Panizza, Ugo. “Conflicts of Interest, Reputation and the Interwar Debt Crisis: Banksters or Bad Luck.” CEPR Discussion Paper Series, No. 7705, 2010.Google Scholar

Forbes, Bertie C. Men Who Are Making America. New York: B.C. Forbes Publishing Co., 1917.Google Scholar

Forbes, John Douglas. J.P. Morgan, Jr. 1867–1943. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press, 1981.Google Scholar

Forbes, Neil. “London Banks, the German Standstill Agreements, and ‘Economic Appeasement’ in the 1930s.” Economic History Review, 2nd series, vol. 40, no. 4 (1987), pp. 571–87.Google Scholar

Frankenstein, Robert. Le Prix du réarmement français (1935–1939). Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 1982.Google Scholar

Fraser, Monika Pohle. “Personal and Impersonal Exchange. The Role of Reputation in Banking: Some Evidence from Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Banks’ Archives,” in Cottrell, Philip L., Lange, Evan, and Olsson, Ulf, eds. Centres and Peripheries in Banking: The Historical Development of Financial Markets. Ashgate: Aldershot, 2007, pp. 177–210.Google Scholar

Fraser, Steve. Every Man a Speculator: A History of Wall Street in American Life. New York: Harper Perennial Edition, 2006.Google Scholar

Fraser, Steve and Gerstle, Gary, eds. Ruling America: A History of Wealth and Power in a Democracy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Freedman, Max, ed. Roosevelt and Frankfurter: Their Correspondence, 1928–1945. Boston: Little, Brown, 1967.Google Scholar

Friedel, Frank, ed. The New Deal and the American People. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1964.Google Scholar

Friedman, Milton F. and Schwartz, Anna Jacobson. “The Failure of the Bank of the United States: A Reappraisal. A Reply.” Explorations in Economic History, vol. 23 (1986), pp. 199–204.Google Scholar

Friedman, Milton F. and Schwartz., Anna Jacobson The Monetary History of the United States 1867–1960. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1963.Google Scholar

Gage, Beverly. The Day That Wall Street Exploded. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar

Galbraith, John Kenneth. The Great Crash 1929, 3rd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972.Google Scholar

Gardner, Lloyd C. Economic Aspects of New Deal Diplomacy. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1964.Google Scholar

Gay, Edwin F. “The Great Depression.” Foreign Affairs, vol. 10, no. 4 (1932), pp. 529–40.CrossRef Google Scholar

Geisst, Charles R. Deals of the Century: Wall Street, Mergers, and the Making of Modern America. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2004.Google Scholar

Geisst, Charles R. Undue Influence: How the Wall Street Elite Put the Financial System at Risk. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2005.Google Scholar

Geisst, Charles R. Wall Street: A History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Gellman, Irwin F. Secret Affairs: Franklin Roosevelt, Cordell Hull and Sumner Welles. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.Google Scholar

Girault, René. Emprunts russes et investissements français en Russie 1887–1914. Paris: Librairie Armand Colin, 1973.Google Scholar

Glaser, Elisabeth. “The Making of the Economic Peace,” in Boemeke, Manfred F., Feldman, Gerald D., and Glaser, Elisabeth eds. The Treaty of Versailles: A Reassessment after 75 Years. Washington: German Historical Institute, 1998, pp. 371–400.Google Scholar

Goeschel, Christian. Mussolini and Hitler: The Forging of the Fascist Alliance. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2018.Google Scholar

Gomes, Leonard. German Reparations 1919–1932. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.Google Scholar

Gooch, John. Mussolini and His Generals: The Armed Forces and Fascist Foreign Policy, 1922–1940. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.Google Scholar

Goodall, Alex. “U.S. Foreign Relations under Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover: Power and Constraint,” in Sibley, Katherine A.S. ed. A Companion to Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2014, pp. 53–76.CrossRef Google Scholar

Gordon, John Steele. The Great Game: The Emergence of Wall Street As a World Power, 1653–2000. New York: Touchstone, 2000.Google Scholar

Gorodetsky, Gabriel. The Maisky Diaries: Red Ambassador to the Court of St. James, 1932–1943. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015.Google Scholar

Haight Jr., John McVicar. American Aid to France 1938–40. New York: Atheneum, 1970.Google Scholar

Hall, Peter A. and Soskice, David, eds. The Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Hamby, Alonzo. For the Survival of Democracy: Franklin Roosevelt and the World Crisis of the 1930s. New York: The Free Press, 2004.Google Scholar

Harbaugh, William H. Lawyer’s Lawyer: The Life of John W. Davis. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973.Google Scholar

Harrison, Richard. “A Neutralization Plan for the Pacific: Roosevelt and Anglo-American Cooperation, 1934–1937.” Pacific Historical Review, vol. 57, no. 1 (1988), pp. 47–72.Google Scholar

Harwood, Herbert H. Invisible Giants: The Empires of Cleveland’s Van Sweringen Brothers. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2003.Google Scholar

Hart, Bradley W. Hitler’s American Friends. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2018.Google Scholar

Hawley, Ellis. The Great War and the Search for a Modern Order: A History of the American People and Their Institutions, 1917–1933. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1979.Google Scholar

Hawley, Ellis. The New Deal and the Problem of Monopoly. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1966.Google Scholar

Heinrichs, Waldo H., Jr. American Ambassador: Joseph C. Grew and the Development of the United States Diplomatic Tradition. New York: Oxford University Press, 1966.Google Scholar

Herring, George C. From Colony to Superpower: U.S. Foreign Relations since 1776. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.Google Scholar

“High Finance in the ‘Twenties: The United Corporation (I).” Columbia Law Review, vol. 37, no. 5 (1937), pp. 785–816.Google Scholar

Hinton, Longstreet, Meyer, John E. Jr., and Rodd, Thomas. Some Comments about the Morgan Bank. New York: Morgan Guaranty Trust Company, 1979. [Reprinted 1985.]Google Scholar

Hogan, Michael. Informal Entente: The Private Structure of Cooperation in Anglo-American Economic Diplomacy, 1918–1928. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 1978.Google Scholar

Hogan, Michael. “Thomas W. Lamont and European Recovery: The Diplomacy of Privatism in a Corporatist Age,” in Jones, Kenneth Paul ed. U.S. Diplomats in Europe, 1919–1941. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio, 1983, pp. 5–24.Google Scholar

Hoover, Herbert. The Memoirs of Herbert Hoover: The Great Depression, 1929–1941. New York: Macmillan, 1952.Google Scholar

Horn, Martin. Britain, France and the Financing of the First World War. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2002.Google Scholar

Horn, Martin. “J.P. Morgan & Co., the House of Morgan and Europe 1933–1939.” Contemporary European History, 14, no. 4 (2005), pp. 519–38.Google Scholar

Huddleston, Sisley. In My Time. New York: E.P. Dutton & Co., 1938.Google Scholar

Hull, Cordell. The Memoirs of Cordell Hull. 2 vols. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1948.Google Scholar

Hyman, Sidney. Marriner S. Eccles. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 1976.Google Scholar

Imlay, Talbot C. Facing the Second World War: Strategy, Politics and Economics in Britain and France 1938–1940. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.Google Scholar

Irwin, Douglas A. “From Smoot-Hawley to Reciprocal Trade Agreements: Changing the Course of U.S. Trade Policy in the 1930s,” in Bordo, Michael D., Goldin, Claudia, and White, Eugene N. eds. The Defining Moment: The Great Depression and the American Economy in the Twentieth Century. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998, pp. 325–52.Google Scholar

Jackson, Peter. France and the Nazi Menace: Intelligence and Policy Making, 1933–1939. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.Google Scholar

Jacobson, Jon. Locarno Diplomacy, Germany and the West, 1925–29. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1972.Google Scholar

James, Harold. The End of Globalization: Lessons from the Great Depression. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Jeansonne, Glen. The Life of Herbert Hoover: Fighting Quaker 1928–1933. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.Google Scholar

Johnson, Arthur M. Winthrop W. Aldrich: Lawyer, Banker, Diplomat. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1968.Google Scholar

Jones, Jesse. Fifty Billion Dollars: My Thirteen Years with the RFC 1932–1945. New York: The Chronicle Company, 1951. [Reprint: New York: De Capo Press, 1975.]Google Scholar

Josephson, Matthew. The Robber Barons. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1934.Google Scholar

Joslin, Theodore. Hoover off the Record. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran and Company, 1934. [Reprint: Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1971.]Google Scholar

Kaiser, David. No End Save Victory. New York: Basic Books, 2014.Google Scholar

Kennedy, David. Freedom from Fear: The American People in Depression and War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.Google Scholar

Kennedy, Susan Estabrook. The Banking Crisis of 1933. Lexington, KY: University of Kentucky Press, 1973.Google Scholar

Kershaw, Ian. Hitler. 2 vols. London: Allen Lane, 1998–2000.Google Scholar

Keylor, William. “France and the Illusion of American Support, 1919–1940,” in Blatt, Joel ed. The French Defeat of 1940: Reassessments. Providence, RI: Berghahn Books, 1998, pp. 222–44.Google Scholar

Kindleberger, Charles. The World in Depression. Rev. ed. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1986.Google Scholar

Klein, Maury. Rainbow’s End: The Crash of 1929. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Kotz, David M. Bank Control of Large Corporations in the United States, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1980.Google Scholar

Kouwenhoven, John A. Partners in Banking: An Historical Portrait of a Great Private Bank Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. 1818–1968. New York: Privately Printed, 1968.Google Scholar

Krock, Arthur. Memoirs. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1968.Google Scholar

Kuisel, Richard. Seducing the French: The Dilemma of Americanization. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1993.Google Scholar

Kunz, Diane B. The Battle for Britain’s Gold Standard in 1931. London: Croom Helm, 1987.Google Scholar

Kynaston, David. The City of London, Vol. 1: A World of Its Own 1815–1890. London: Pimlico, 1995.Google Scholar

Kynaston, David. The City of London, Vol. 2: Golden Years, 1890–1914. London: Pimlico, 1995.Google Scholar

Lamont, Edward M. The Ambassador from Wall Street. Lanham, MD: Madison Books, 1994.Google Scholar

Lamont, Lansing. A Life in Letters. New York: Strawtown Press, 1999.Google Scholar

Lamont, Thomas W. Across World Frontiers. New York: Harcourt Brace & Co., 1951.Google Scholar

Lamont, Thomas. “The Final Reparations Settlement.” Foreign Affairs, vol. 8, no. 3 (1930), pp. 336–63.Google Scholar

Lamont, Thomas W. Henry P. Davison: The Record of a Useful Life. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1933.Google Scholar

Lamont, Thomas W. My Boyhood in a Parsonage. New York: Harper Brothers, 1946.Google Scholar

Langer, William L. and Gleason, S. Everett. The Challenge to Isolation, 1937–1940. New York: Harper Brothers, 1952Google Scholar

Lasser, William. Benjamin V. Cohen: Architect of the New Deal. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002.Google Scholar

Latham, Earl. The Politics of Railroad Coordination 1933–1936. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1959.Google Scholar

Lawson, Alan. A Commonwealth of Hope. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Laybourn, Kenneth. Philip Snowden: A Biography, 1864–1937. Aldershot: Temple Smith, 1988.Google Scholar

LeClair, Harold, ed. The Secret Diary of Harold Ickes. 3 vols. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1953–54.Google Scholar

Leff, Mark H. The Limits of Symbolic Reform: The New Deal and Taxation, 1933–1939. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.Google Scholar

Leffler, Melvyn P. Leffler. The Elusive Quest: America’s Pursuit of European Stability and French Security, 1919–1933. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1979.Google Scholar

Leith-Ross, Sir Frederick. Money Talks: Fifty Years of International Finance. London: Hutchinson & Co., 1968.Google Scholar

Leuchtenberg, William E. Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal. New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1963.Google Scholar

Leuchtenburg, William E. The Perils of Prosperity. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.Google Scholar

Levy-Leboyer, Maurice. “La capacité financière de la France au début du vingtième siècle,” in Levy-Leboyer, Maurice ed. La position internationale de la France. Paris: École des hautes études en sciences sociales, 1977.Google Scholar

Lewis, Cleona. America’s Stake in International Investments. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1938.Google Scholar

Long, Huey Pierce. My First Days in the White House. Harrisburg, PA: The Telegraph Press, 1935. [Reprint: New York: Da Capo Press, 1972.]Google Scholar

Loucks, Henry. The Great Conspiracy of the House of Morgan and How to Defeat It. Watertown, SD: n.p., 1916.Google Scholar

Louria, Margot. Triumph and Downfall: America’s Pursuit of Peace and Prosperity, 1921–1933. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Lucia, Joseph L. “The Failure of the Bank of the United States: A Reappraisal.” Explorations in Economic History, vol. 22 (1985), pp. 402–16.Google Scholar

Lundberg, Ferdinand. America’s Sixty Families. New York: The Vanguard Press, 1937.Google Scholar

Macdonald, C.A. The United States, Britain and Appeasement 1936–1939. New York: St Martin’s Press, 1981.Google Scholar

Macher, Flora. “The Austrian Banking Crisis of 1931: A Reassessment.” Financial History Review, vol. 25, no. 3 (2018), pp. 297–321.Google Scholar

MacKay, Malcolm. Impeccable Connections: The Rise and Fall of Richard Whitney. New York: Brick Tower Press, 2011.Google Scholar

MacMillan, Margaret. Paris 1919. New York: Random House, 2001.Google Scholar

Mallett, Robert. Mussolini and the Origins of the Second World War, 1933–1940. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.Google Scholar

Maney, Patrick. The Roosevelt Presence. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1998.Google Scholar

Marcus, Nathan. Austrian Reconstruction and the Collapse of Global Finance, 1921–1931. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018.Google Scholar

Marks, Sally. The Illusion of Peace: International Relations in Europe. London: Macmillan Press, 1976.Google Scholar

Marks, Sally. “Mistakes and Myths: The Allies, Germany, and the Versailles Treaty, 1918–1921.” Journal of Modern History, vol. 85, no. 3 (2013), pp. 632–59.Google Scholar

Marks, Sally. “The Myths of Reparation.” Central European History, vol. 11, no. 3 (1978), pp. 231–55.Google Scholar

Martel, Gordon, ed. The Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered: The A.J.P. Taylor Debate After Twenty-Five Years. London: Unwin Hyman, 1986.Google Scholar

Mazower, Mark. Dark Continent: Europe’s Twentieth Century. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1999.Google Scholar

McKercher, B.J.C., ed. Anglo-American Relations in the 1920s. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1990.Google Scholar

McNeill, William C. American Money and the Weimar Republic. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.Google Scholar

McQuaid, Kim. “Corporate Liberalism in the American Business Community, 1920–1940.” Business History Review, vol. 52 (1978), pp. 342–68.Google Scholar

Mehrotra, Ajay K. “Lawyers, Guns and Public Monies: The U.S. Treasury, World War One, and the Administration of the Modern Fiscal State.” Law and History Review, vol. 28, no. 1 (2010), pp. 173–225.Google Scholar

Meltzer, Allan H. A History of the Federal Reserve, Vol. 1: 1913–1951. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003.Google Scholar

Michelman, Irving S. “A Banker in the New Deal: James P. Warburg,” [reprinted] in Dubofsky, Melvyn and Burwood, Stephen eds. The American Economy during the Great Depression. New York: Garland, 1990, pp. 181–205.Google Scholar

Michie, Ranald C. “The City of London As a Global Financial Centre, 1880–1939: Finance, Foreign Exchange, and the First World War,” in Cottrell, Philip L., Lange, Evan, and Olsson, Ulf eds. Centres and Peripheries in Banking: The Historical Development of Financial Markets. Ashgate: Aldershot, 2007, pp. 41–80.Google Scholar

Migone, Gian Giacomo. The United States and Fascist Italy: The Rise of American Finance in Europe, trans. Molly Tambor. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015.Google Scholar

Moe, Richard. Roosevelt’s Second Act: The Election of 1940 and the Politics of War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013.Google Scholar

Moley, Raymond. After Seven Years. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1939.Google Scholar

Moley, Raymond. The First New Deal. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1966.Google Scholar

Morewood, Steven. “‘This Silly African Business’: The Military Dimension of Britain’s Response to the Abyssinia Crisis,” in Strang, G. Bruce ed. Collision of Empires: Italy’s Invasion of Ethiopia and Its International Impact. London: Ashgate, 2013, pp. 73–108.Google Scholar

Morris, Charles R. A Rabble of Dead Money: The Great Crash and the Global Depression, 1929–1939. New York: Public Affairs, 2017.Google Scholar

Morrow, Dwight. “Who Buys Foreign Bonds.” Foreign Affairs, vol. 5, no. 2 (1927), pp. 219–32.Google Scholar

Moser, John E. Right Turn: John T. Flynn and the Transformation of American Liberalism. New York: New York University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Myers, Margaret. The New York Money Market, Vol. 1, ed. Beckhart, Benjamin Haggott. New York: Columbia University Press, 1931–32. [Reprint New York: AMS Press, 1971.]Google Scholar

Namikas, Lise A. “The Committee to Defend America and the Debate between Internationalists and Interventionists, 1939–1941.” The Historian, vol. 61, no. 4 (1999).Google Scholar

Nelson, Mark Wayne. Jumping the Abyss: Marriner S. Eccles and the New Deal, 1933–1940. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press, 2017.Google Scholar

Nicolson, Harold. Diaries and Letters, 1930–1939, ed. Nicolson, Nigel. London: Collins, 1966.Google Scholar

Nicolson, Harold. Dwight Morrow. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1935.Google Scholar

Noakes, Jeremy J. and Pridham, Geoffrey eds. Nazism, 1919–1945: A History in Documents and Eyewitness Accounts. 2 vols. New York: Schocken Books, 1988.Google Scholar

Nolan, Mary. Visions of Modernity: American Business and the Modernization of Germany. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.Google Scholar

Nord, Philip. France 1940: Defending the Republic. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015.Google Scholar

Nouailhat, Yves-Henri. France et États-Unis: août 1914–avril 1917. Paris: Sorbonne, 1979.Google Scholar

Noyes, Alexander Dana. The Market Place. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1938.Google Scholar

Obstfeld, Michael and Taylor, Alan M.. Global Capital Markets: Integration, Crisis, and Growth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.Google Scholar

O’Brien, Anthony Patrick. “The Failure of the Bank of the United States: A Defense of Joseph Lucia.” Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, vol. 24, no. 3 (1992), pp. 374–84.Google Scholar

O’Connor, J.F.T. The Banking Crisis and Recovery under the Roosevelt Administration. Chicago: 1938. [Reprint: New York: Da Capo, 1971.]Google Scholar

Offner, Avner. “William E. Dodd: Romantic Historian and Diplomatic Cassandra.” The Historian, vol. 24, no. 4 (1962), pp. 451–69.Google Scholar

Olson, James Stuart. Herbert Hoover and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 1931–1933. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press, 1977.Google Scholar

Overacker, Louise. “American Government and Politics: Campaign Funds in a Depression Year.” The American Political Science Review, vol. 27, no. 5 (1933), pp. 769–83.Google Scholar

Pak, Susie J. Gentleman Bankers: The World of J.P. Morgan. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2013.Google Scholar

Parker, R.A.C. Chamberlain and Appeasement: British Policy and the Coming of the Second World War. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1993.Google Scholar

Parrini, Carl. Heir to Empire: United States Economic Diplomacy 1916–1923. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1969.Google Scholar

Parrish, Michael. Securities Regulation and the New Deal. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1970.Google Scholar

Pash, Sidney. The Currents of War: A New History of American-Japanese Relations, 1899–1941. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky, 2014.Google Scholar

Patel, Kiran Klaus. The New Deal: A Global History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2016.Google Scholar

Pautz, Michelle. “The Decline in Weekly Cinema Attendance.” Issues in Political Economy, vol. 11 (2002), pp. 54–65.Google Scholar

Pecora, Ferdinand. Wall Street Under Oath. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1939.Google Scholar

Pensiero, Luca and Romain, Restout. “The Gold Standard and the Great Depression: A Dynamic General Equilibrium Model.” Institut de Recherches Économiques et Sociales de l’Université catholique de Louvain, Discussion paper, 3 December 2018.Google Scholar

Perino, Michael. The Hellhound of Wall Street: How Ferdinand Pecora’s Investigation of the Great Crash Forever Changed American Finance. New York: Penguin Press, 2010.Google Scholar

Peterecz, Zoltán. Jeremiah Smith Jr. and Hungary, 1924–1926: The United States, the League of Nations, and the Financial Reconstruction of Hungary. London: Versita, 2013.Google Scholar

Phillips, Randolph. “The House of Morgan: The Price of Its War and Post-War Policies.” The Nation, vol. 148, no. 24, 25 (10 and 17 June 1939)Google Scholar

Phillips, Ronnie J. “The Chicago Plan and New Deal Banking Reform.” Levy Institute, Working Paper No. 76, June 1992. www.levyinstitute.org/pubs/wp/76.pdf.Google Scholar

Pollard, John F. Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy: Financing the Vatican, 1850–1950. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Pollard, John F. “The Vatican and the Wall Street Crash: Bernardino Nogara and Papal Finances in the Early 1930s.” Historical Journal, vol. 42, no. 4 (1999), pp. 1077–91.Google Scholar

Pound, Arthur and Moore, Samuel Taylor, eds. They Told Barron. New York: Harper Brothers, 1930.Google Scholar

Prins, Nomi. All the Presidents’ Bankers. New York: Nation Books, 2014.Google Scholar

Pulling, Edward ed. Selected Letters of R.C. Leffingwell. Oyster Bay, NY: Privately Printed, 1979.Google Scholar

Rauchway, Eric. Winter War: Hoover, Roosevelt and the First Clash over the New Deal. New York: Basic Books, 2018.Google Scholar

Reagan, Patrick. “Business,” in Pederson, William D. ed. A Companion to Franklin D. Roosevelt. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, pp. 186–205.Google Scholar

Reynolds, David. “1940: Fulcrum of the Twentieth Century?” International Affairs, vol. 66, no. 2 (1990), pp. 325–50.Google Scholar

Reynolds, David. The Creation of the Anglo-American Alliance, 1937–1941: A Study in Competitive Cooperation. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina, 1981.Google Scholar

Rhodes, Benjamin D. “Reassessing Uncle Shylock: The United States and the French War Debt, 1917–1929.” The Journal of American History, vol. 55, no. 4 (1969), pp. 787–803.Google Scholar

Richardson, Gary and Horn, Patrick Van. “Intensified Regulatory Scrutiny and Bank Distress in New York City During the Great Depression.” Journal of Economic History, vol. 69, no. 2 (2009), pp. 446–65.Google Scholar

Richardson, Gary and Horn, Patrick Van. “When the Music Stopped: Transatlantic Contagion During the Financial Crisis of 1931.” NBER, Working Paper No. 17437, September 2011.Google Scholar

Ritchie, Donald. Electing FDR: The New Deal Campaign of 1932. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 2007.Google Scholar

Ritchie, Donald. “The Legislative Impact of the Pecora Investigation.” Capitol Studies, vol. 5, no. 2 (1977), pp. 87–101.Google Scholar

Roberts, Priscilla. “‘The Council Has Been Your Creation’: Hamilton Fish Armstrong, Paradigm of the American Foreign Policy Establishment?” Journal of American Studies, vol. 35, no. 1 (2001), pp. 65–94.Google Scholar

Roberts, Priscilla. “The Anglo-American Theme: American Visions of an Atlantic Alliance 1914–1933.” Diplomatic History, vol. 21, no. 3 (1997), pp. 333–64.Google Scholar

Robinson, Henry M. “Are American Loans Abroad Safe?” Foreign Affairs, vol. 5, no. 1 (1926), pp. 49–56.Google Scholar

Rochester, Anna. Rulers of America: A Study of Finance Capital. New York: International Publishers, 1936.Google Scholar

Rock, William R. Chamberlain and Roosevelt: British Foreign Policy and the United States, 1937–1940. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 1988.Google Scholar

Roi, Michael L. “‘A Completely Immoral and Cowardly Attitude’: The British Foreign Office, American Neutrality and the Hoare-Laval Plan.” Canadian Journal of History, vol. 29, no. 2 (1994), pp. 333–51.Google Scholar

Romasco, Albert U. The Poverty of Abundance: Hoover, the Nation and the Great Depression. New York: Oxford University Press, 1965.Google Scholar

Roose, Kenneth D. The Economics of Recession and Revival: An Interpretation of 1937–38. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1954.Google Scholar

Roosevelt, Elliott, ed. FDR: His Personal Letters. 4 vols. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1947–50.Google Scholar

Rosen, Elliot A. Hoover, Roosevelt and the Brains Trust. New York: Columbia University Press, 1977.Google Scholar

Rosen, Elliot A. The Republican Party in the Age of Roosevelt. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press, 2014.Google Scholar

Rosenberg, Emily S. Financial Missionaries to the World: The Politics and Culture of Dollar Diplomacy, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.Google Scholar

Rottenberg, Dan. The Man Who Made Wall Street: Anthony Drexel and the Rise of Modern Finance. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Rudolph, Frederick. “The American Liberty League, 1934–1940.” The American Historical Review, vol. 56, no. 1 (1950).Google Scholar

Sayers, R.S. The Bank of England 1891–1944, 3 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.Google Scholar

Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. The Coming of the New Deal, 1919–1933. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1959.Google Scholar

Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. The Crisis of the Old Order, 1919–1939. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1957.Google Scholar

Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. The Politics of Upheaval. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1960.Google Scholar

Schmitz, David F. The United States and Fascist Italy 1922–1940. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1988.Google Scholar

Schuker, Stephen. “American Foreign Policy and the Young Plan, 1929,” in Schmidt, Gustav ed., Konstellationen Internationaler Politik 1924–1932. Bochum: N. Brockmeyer, 1983, pp. 122–30.Google Scholar

Schuker, Stephen. American Reparations to Germany: Implications for the Third-World Debt Crisis. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1988.Google Scholar

Schuker, Stephen. The End of French Predominance in Europe. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1976.Google Scholar

Schuker, Stephen. “Leffingwell, Russell Cornell,” in Garraty, John A. ed. Dictionary of American Biography, supplement 6, 1956–60. New York: Charles Scribner’s & Sons, 1990.Google Scholar

Schwartz, Jordan A. The Interregnum of Despair, Hoover, Congress and the Depression. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1970.Google Scholar

Schwartz, Jordan A. The Speculator: Bernard M. Baruch in Washington. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1981.Google Scholar

Self, Robert. Britain, America and the War Debt Controversy: The Economic Diplomacy of an Unspecial Relationship, 1917–1941. London: Routledge, 1988.Google Scholar

Seligman, Joel. The Transformation of Wall Street: A History of the Securities and Exchange Commission and Modern Corporate Finance. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1982.Google Scholar

Sharp, Alan. The Versailles Settlement: Peacemaking After the First World War, 2nd ed. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.Google Scholar

Siegel, Jennifer. For Peace and Money: French and British Finance in the Service of Tsars and Commissars. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.Google Scholar

Silverman, Daniel P. Reconstructing Europe after the Great War. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1982.Google Scholar

Simmons, Beth A. “Why Innovate? Founding the Bank for International Settlements.” World Politics, vol. 45, no. 3 (1993), pp. 361–405.Google Scholar

Skidelsky, Robert. John Maynard Keynes, Vol. 2: The Economist As Saviour. London: Macmillan, 1992.Google Scholar

Skidelsky, Robert. Politicians and the Slump. London: MacMillan, 1967.Google Scholar

Smith, Rixey and Beasley, Norman. Carter Glass: A Biography. New York: Longmans, Green and Co., 1939.Google Scholar

Smith, Robert Freeman. “Thomas Lamont: International Banker As Diplomat,” in McCormack, Thomas J. and Walter, LaFeber eds. Behind the Throne: Servants of Power to Imperial Presidents, 1898–1968. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1993, pp. 101–25.Google Scholar

Sobel, Robert. The Big Board: A History of the New York Stock Market. New York: The Free Press, 1965.Google Scholar

Sobel, Robert. The Great Bull Market: Wall Street in the 1920’s. New York: Norton, 1968.Google Scholar

Steiner, Zara. The Lights That Failed: European International Relations 1919–1933. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Steiner, Zara. The Triumph of the Dark: European International History 1933–1939. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.Google Scholar

Steel, Ronald. Walter Lippmann and the American Century. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 1999.Google Scholar

Strang, G. Bruce. “‘A Sad Commentary on World Ethics’: Italy and the United States during the Ethiopian Crisis,” in Bruce Strang, G. ed. Collision of Empires: Italy’s Invasion of Ethiopia and Its International Impact. London: Ashgate, 2013, pp. 135–63.Google Scholar

Strouse, Jean. Morgan: American Financier. New York: Random House, 1999.Google Scholar

Swaine, Robert T. The Cravath Firm and Its Predecessors, 1819–1948, 3 vols. New York: Privately Printed, 1948.Google Scholar

Swing, Raymond. Good Evening: A Professional Memoir. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1964.Google Scholar

Tabarrok, Alexander. “The Separation of Commercial and Investment Banking: The Morgans vs. The Rockefellers.” The Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics, vol. 1, no. 1 (1998), pp. 1–16.Google Scholar

Temin, Peter. “The Great Depression,” in Engerman, Stanley L. and Gallman, Robert E. eds. The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, Vol. 3: The Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000, pp. 301–28.Google Scholar

Temin, Peter. Lessons from the Great Depression. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1989.Google Scholar

Thomas, Martin. “France and the Czechoslovak Crisis.” Diplomacy and Statecraft, vol. 10, no. 2 (1999), pp. 122–59.Google Scholar

Thomas, Martin. “France and the Ethiopian Crisis, 1935–1936: Security Dilemmas and Adjustable Interests,” in Bruce Strang, G. ed. Collision of Empires: Italy’s Invasion of Ethiopia and Its International Impact. London: Ashgate, 2013, pp. 109–34.Google Scholar

Tomita, Toshiki. “Direct Underwriting of Government Bonds by the Bank of Japan in the 1930s.” NRI Research Papers, No. 94, September 2005.Google Scholar

Toniolo, Giovanni. Central Bank Cooperation at the Bank for International Settlements, 1930–1973. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Tooze, Adam. The Deluge: The Great War and the Remaking of Global Order, 1916–1931. London: Allen Lane, 2014.Google Scholar

Tooze, Adam. The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy. London: Allen Lane, 2006.Google Scholar

Trachtenberg, Marc. Reparation in World Politics: France and European Economic Diplomacy, 1916–1923. New York: Columbia University Press, 1980.Google Scholar

Trescott, Paul B. “The Failure of the Bank of the United States, 1930: A Rejoinder to Anthony Patrick O’Brien.” Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, vol. 24, no. 3 (1992), pp. 384–99.Google Scholar

Ullrich, Volker. Hitler, Vol. 1: Ascent. London: Vintage, 2016.Google Scholar

Velde, François R. “The Recession of 1937: A Cautionary Tale.” Economic Perspectives (Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago), vol. 33, no. 4 (2009), pp. 16–37.Google Scholar

Vieth, Jane Karoline. “Joseph P. Kennedy and British Appeasement: The Diplomacy of a Boston Irishman,” in Jones, Kenneth Paul ed. U.S. Diplomats in Europe, 1919–1941. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 1983, pp. 165–82.Google Scholar

Walker, W.M. “J.P. The Younger.” American Mercury, vol. 40, no. 42 (1927).Google Scholar

Wapshott, Nicholas. The Sphinx: Franklin Roosevelt, the Isolationists, and the Road to World War II. New York: W.W. Norton, 2015.Google Scholar

Warren, Donald. Radio Priest: Charles Coughlin, the Father of Hate Radio. New York: The Free Press, 1996.Google Scholar

Warren, Harris Gaylord. Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression. New York: Oxford University Press, 1959. [Reprint: Westport, CT: Greenwood Press 1980.]Google Scholar

Warren, Kenneth. Big Steel: The First Century of the United States Steel Corporation. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Watt, Donald. “Roosevelt and Chamberlain: Two Appeasers.” International Journal, vol. 28, no. 2 (1973).Google Scholar

Weed, Clyde P. The Nemesis of Reform: The Republican Party during the New Deal. New York: Columbia University Press, 1994.Google Scholar

Weed, Clyde P. The Transformation of the Republican Party, 1912–1936: From Reform to Resistance. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2011.Google Scholar

Weems, F. Carrington. America and Munitions: The Work of Messrs. J.P. Morgan & Co. in the World War, 2 vols. New York: Privately Printed, 1923.Google Scholar

White, Eugene N. “Banking and Finance in the Twentieth Century,” in Engerman, Stanley L. and Gallman, Robert E. eds. The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, Vol. 3: The Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000, pp. 743–802.Google Scholar

White, Eugene Nelson. The Regulation and Reform of the American Banking System, 1900–1929. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983.Google Scholar

Wicker, Elmus. The Banking Panics of the Great Depression. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.Google Scholar

Wicker, Elmus. The Great Debate on Banking Reform: Nelson Aldrich and the Origins of the Fed. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Wigmore, Barry. The Crash and Its Aftermath: A History of Securities Markets in the United States, 1929–1933. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985.Google Scholar

Williams, T. Harry. Huey Long. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1969.Google Scholar

Williams, William Appleman. “The Legend of Isolationism in the 1920s.” Science and Society, vol. 18, no. 1 (1954), pp. 1–20.Google Scholar

Williams, William Appleman. The Tragedy of American Diplomacy, 2nd ed. New York: Delta, 1962.Google Scholar

Williamson, Philip. “‘A Banker’s Ramp’? Financiers and the British Political Crisis of August 1931.” English Historical Review, vol. 49 (1984), pp. 770–806.Google Scholar

Williamson, Philip. National Crisis and National Government. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.Google Scholar

Wilkins, Mira. The Maturing of Multinational Enterprise: American Business Abroad, 1914–1970. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974.Google Scholar

Wilson, John Donald. The Chase: The Chase Manhattan Bank, 1945–1985. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1986.Google Scholar

Wilson, Joan Hoff. American Business and Foreign Policy 1920–1933. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky, 1971.Google Scholar

Wiltz, John E. In Search of Peace: The Senate Munitions Inquiry, 1934–36. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 1963.Google Scholar

Wolfskill, George. The Revolt of the Conservatives: A History of American Liberty League, 1934–1940. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1962.Google Scholar

Zelizer, Julian E. “The Forgotten Legacy of the New Deal: Fiscal Conservatism and the Roosevelt Administration, 1933–1938.” Presidential Studies Quarterly, vol. 30, no. 2 (2000), pp. 331–58.Google Scholar

Book contents

Bibliography

Summary

Access options

References

Primary Sources

Secondary Sources

Book contents

Bibliography

Summary

Access options

References

Primary Sources

Secondary Sources

Save book to Kindle

Save book to Dropbox

Save book to Google Drive