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24 - Language Policy and Planning in Britain and Ireland

from Part V - Applied Sociolinguistic Issues

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 October 2024

By
Dave Sayers  and
Leanne Henderson
Edited by
Susan Fox
Susan Fox
Affiliation:
Universität Bern, Switzerland
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Summary

‘Language policy’ is a highly diverse term, encompassing all attempts to purposefully influence language use. Government language policy is broadly considered to have originated as a distinct field of research and policymaking in the 1970s, but we begin the chapter with a historical review of its precursors dating back several centuries. We trace the roots of contemporary language policy to two broad historical developments: Bible translation and universal education. These laid the foundations for what would become language policy. In the contemporary language policy period, we divide our discussion across three fields: modern foreign languages (MFL), indigenous languages and community languages. These categorisations come from policy, not linguistics or sociology. These groups of languages are treated differently in policy, so we divide them accordingly and trace their origins and developments in three political eras from the 1970s onwards: neoliberalism (1970s–80s), New Public Management (1990s–2000s), and austerity (2008 onwards). We show how each field of language policy has been indelibly shaped and contoured by changing political conditions and priorities. Lastly, we consider forms of language that tend to fall outside the scope of government policy, and what extra this reveals about language policy.

Keywords

Language policyneoliberalismNew Public Managementausteritymodern foreign languagesindigenous languagescommunity languagesunintended consequences
Type
Chapter
Information
Language in Britain and Ireland , pp. 511 - 542
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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