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20 - Hypertensive Emergencies

from Section 4 - Cardiovascular Emergencies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2023

Kaushal Shah
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
Jarone Lee
Affiliation:
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
Clark G. Owyang
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
Benjamin Christian Renne
Affiliation:
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
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Summary

  • Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure (SBP) higher than 130 mmHg, or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) higher than 80 mmHg. Hypertension may be essential (primary), meaning that it is not linked to an obvious underlying cause, or it may be secondary to a known etiology or other systemic disorder.

  • Of people with known hypertension, 1–2% will present with an acutely elevated blood pressure referred to as a “hypertensive crisis.” It is often due to factors that exacerbate a preexisting hypertension, such as medication noncompliance or substance abuse.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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References

Marik, PE, Rivera, R. Hypertensive emergencies: An update. Curr Opin Crit Care 2011;17(6):569580.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marik, PE, Varon, J. Hypertensive crises: challenges and management. Chest 2007;131:19491962.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodriguez, MA, Kumar, SK, De Caro, M. Hypertensive crisis. Cardiol Rev 2010;18:102107.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Unger, T, Borghi, C, Charchar, F, et al. 2020 International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines. Hypertension 2020;75:13341357.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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