Book contents
- Urbanisation and State Formation in the Ancient Sahara and Beyond
- The Trans-saharan Archaeology Series
- Urbanisation and State Formation in the Ancient Sahara and Beyond
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Preface
- Part I Introduction
- Part II Oasis Origins in the Sahara: A Region-by-Region Survey
- 2 Garamantian Oasis Settlements in Fazzan
- 3 Pre-Islamic Oasis Settlements in the Eastern Sahara
- 4 The Urbanisation of Egypt’s Western Desert under Roman Rule
- 5 Pre-Islamic Oasis Settlements in the Northern Sahara
- 6 Pre-Islamic Oasis Settlements in the North-Western Sahara
- 7 Pre-Islamic Oasis Settlements in the Southern Sahara
- 8 Discussion
- Part III Neighbours and Comparanda
- Part IV Concluding Discussion
- Index
- References
3 - Pre-Islamic Oasis Settlements in the Eastern Sahara
from Part II - Oasis Origins in the Sahara: A Region-by-Region Survey
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 23 March 2020
Book contents
- Urbanisation and State Formation in the Ancient Sahara and Beyond
- The Trans-saharan Archaeology Series
- Urbanisation and State Formation in the Ancient Sahara and Beyond
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Preface
- Part I Introduction
- Part II Oasis Origins in the Sahara: A Region-by-Region Survey
- 2 Garamantian Oasis Settlements in Fazzan
- 3 Pre-Islamic Oasis Settlements in the Eastern Sahara
- 4 The Urbanisation of Egypt’s Western Desert under Roman Rule
- 5 Pre-Islamic Oasis Settlements in the Northern Sahara
- 6 Pre-Islamic Oasis Settlements in the North-Western Sahara
- 7 Pre-Islamic Oasis Settlements in the Southern Sahara
- 8 Discussion
- Part III Neighbours and Comparanda
- Part IV Concluding Discussion
- Index
- References
Summary
This chapter will review the evidence of early oasis development in Western Egypt and Eastern Libya, broadly following the course of the ‘route of the oases’, running west from the Nile to Siwa, then onwards to Awjila and al-Jufra in Libya, where it met the major north-south route from the Mediterranean to Garamantian Fazzan and beyond to Chad. The evidence presented for pre-Islamic oasis development is particularly strong in this part of the Sahara; indeed the origins of agriculture at some of the Egyptian oases went back to the third millennium BC and the route as a whole seems to have been well-developed by the fifth century BC.
We suggest that the ultimate origins of oasis agriculture in the Western Desert are to be sought in the Nile Valley and the Fayum, with a package of plants and irrigation techniques first developed there, then adopted in the oasis depressions of the Western Desert – notably Kharga, Dakhla, Farfara, Bahariya and Siwa (Fig. 3.1).
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2020
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