Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 March 2019
When X-ray residual stresses are determined taking into account the stress gradients within the penetration depth of X-rays, three assumptions have usually been made; 1) the stress gradient is linear in respect to the depth from the specimen surface, 2) the penetration depth of X-rays is a function of Sin2ψ and 3) the strain measured by X-rays corresponds to the average strain weighted on the intensity of the diffracted X-rays. However, the assumption of the penetration depth of X-rays is the reason we sometimes observed noticeable errors which depend on the combination of stress components in the stress tensor.