Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T06:04:09.916Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Modelling and simulation studies of the runway capacity of Changi Airport

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 May 2018

Y. Y. Tee  and
Z. W. Zhong
Y. Y. Tee
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
Z. W. Zhong*
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
*
mzwzhong@ntu.edu.sg
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

International air travel becomes more affordable over the years with the introduction of low-cost carriers (LCCs) in Asia Pacific. As a result, this region has seen an exponential growth in its air traffic movements. Asia Pacific has been recording faster air traffic growths, compared to regions such as Europe and North America. This is largely due to emerging markets and developing economies in Asia Pacific. This is especially seen in the demand and supply for LCCs in Southeast Asia. Changi Airport, being one of the major air traffic hubs in Asia, is facing overloaded traffic in the future due to this exponential growth. Although a new runway and new terminals are proposed and in the process of being built, the coming years could still bring a huge challenge to the airport, if its existing capacity is not maximised to cope with the increasing traffic demand. Hence, we studied the impacts of increasing LCC flights on the airport runway capacity. Different runway operational scenarios were simulated to investigate their advantages and disadvantages. It is found that the segregated parallel arrival-departure runway operation is beneficial. By simulating various operational scenarios with the projected increasing flight movements, it is found that a dedicated runway to medium-sized arrival aircraft may be more beneficial, as this would possibly enable it to have a higher runway capacity.

Keywords

Low-cost carrier flightairportrunwaycapacitysimulationmodelling
Type
Research Article
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , Volume 122 , Issue 1253 , July 2018 , pp. 1022 - 1037
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Airtopsoft. AirTOp software, 2017. Retrieved 29 December 2017, from http://airtopsoft.com/.Google Scholar
2. Alderighi, M., Cento, A., Nijkamp, P. and Rietveld, P. Competition in the European aviation market: The entry of low-cost airlines, J Transport Geography, 2012, 24, pp 223–233.Google Scholar
3. Andreeva-Mori, A., Suzuki, S. and Itoh, E. Rule derivation for arrival aircraft sequencing, Aerospace Science and Technology, 2013, 30, (1), pp 200–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. ASEAN Briefing. Competition set to take off in ASEAN as open skies policy looms, 2014. Retrieved 3 November 2014, from http://www.aseanbriefing.com/news/2014/02/11/competition-set-takeoff-asean-open-skies-policy-looms.html#sthash.Jq7SdmTv.dpuf.Google Scholar
5. CAPA-Centre-for-Aviation. Singapore Changi passenger growth slows to less than 1% as LCCs' expansion and tourism slow, 2015. Retrieved 6 February 2015, from http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/singapore-changi-passenger-growth-slows-to-less-than-1-as-lccs-expansion-and-tourism-slows-207787.Google Scholar
6. Changi-Airport-Group. Noise management, 2014. Retrieved 20 December 2014, from http://www.changiairportgroup.com.sg/cag/html/sustainability/environment/noise_management.html.Google Scholar
7. Changi-Airport-Group. Air traffic statistics. 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2015, from http://www.changiairportgroup.com/cag/html/the-group/air_traffic_statistics.html.Google Scholar
8. Choo, Y.Y. and Oum, T.H. Impacts of low-cost carrier services on efficiency of the major U.S. airports, J Air Transport Management, 2013, 33, (0), pp 60–67.Google Scholar
9. Chow, W.X. A study of air traffic management, Report of Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 2015.Google Scholar
10. Daft, J. and Albers, S. A profitability analysis of low-cost long-haul flight operations, J Air Transport Management, 2012, 19, (1), pp 49–54.Google Scholar
11. Dursun, M.E., O'Connell, J.F., Lei, Z. and Warnock-Smith, D. The transformation of a legacy carrier - A case study of Turkish Airlines, J Air Transport Management, 2014, 40, pp 106–118.Google Scholar
12. Duval, D.T. Regulation, competition and the politics of air access across the Pacific, J Air Transport Management, 2008, 14, (5), pp 237–242.Google Scholar
13. EUROCONTROL-FAA. Comparison of air traffic management-related operational performance U.S./Europe, 2014. Retrieved 14 December 2014, from http://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/media/us_eu_comparison_2013.pdf.Google Scholar
14. EUROCONTROL. Fast-time simulation tools, 2011. Retrieved 20 November 2014, 2015, from http://www.eurocontrol.int/eec/public/standard_page/WP_Fast_Time_Simulation_Tools.html.Google Scholar
15. EUROCONTROL. Wake vortex turbulence, 2012. Retrieved 10 November 2014, from https://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/wake-vortex.Google Scholar
16. EUROCONTROL. Runway occupancy time, 2015. Retrieved 27 February 2016, from http://www.eurocontrol.int/lexicon/lexicon/en/index.php/Runway_occupancy_time.Google Scholar
17. Federal-Aviation-Adminstration. Pilot and air traffic controller guide to wake turbulence, 2014. Retrieved 25 December 2014, from https://www.faa.gov/training_testing/training/media/wake/04SEC2.PDF.Google Scholar
18. Forsyth, P., King, J. and Lyn Rodolfo, C. Open skies in ASEAN, J Air Transport Management, 2006, 12, (3), pp 143–152.Google Scholar
19. Gelhausen, M.C., Berster, P. and Wilken, D. Do airport capacity constraints have a serious impact on the future development of air traffic?, J Air Transport Management, 2013, 28, (0), pp 3–13.Google Scholar
20. Gillen, D. and Lall, A. Competitive advantage of low-cost carriers: Some implications for airports, J Air Transport Management, 2004, 10, (1), pp 41–50.Google Scholar
21. Hanaoka, S., Takebayashi, M., Ishikura, T. and Saraswati, B. Low-cost carriers versus full service carriers in ASEAN: The impact of liberalization policy on competition, J Air Transport Management, 2014, 40, pp 96–105.Google Scholar
22. ICAO. Manual on the Regulation of International Air Transport, 2004. Doc. 9626 Volume, DOI:Google Scholar
23. ICAO. Procedures for Air Traffic Navigation Services, 15th ed, 2007. Retrieved 15 November 2014, from http://dcaa.trafikstyrelsen.dk:8000/icaodocs/Doc%204444%20-%20Air%20Traffic%20Management/ATM%20%2015%20ed.pdf.Google Scholar
24. Kolos-Lakatos, T. The Influence of Runway Occupancy Time and Wake Vortex Separation Requirements on Runway Throughput, Thesis of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, 2013.Google Scholar
25. Li, Y., Cai, K., Yan, S., Tang, Y. and Zhu, Y. Network-wide flight trajectories planning in China using an improved genetic algorithm, AIAA/IEEE Digital Avionics Systems Conference, 2016, pp doi: 10.1109/DASC.2016.7778051.Google Scholar
26. Malighetti, P., Paleari, S. and Redondi, R. Pricing strategies of low-cost airlines: The Ryanair case study, J Air Transport Management, 2009, 15, (4), pp 195–203.Google Scholar
27. O'Connell, J.F. and Williams, G. Passengers' perceptions of low cost airlines and full service carriers: A case study involving Ryanair, Aer Lingus, Air Asia and Malaysia Airlines, J Air Transport Management, 2005, 11, (4), pp 259–272.Google Scholar
28. Phyoe, S.M., Nguyen, N.Y., Aneeka, S. and Zhong, Z.W. The impact of population growth on the future air traffic demand in Singapore, Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Networks and Communication Technology, ACSR-Advances in Computer Science Research Vol. 54, Kowalski, P. A., Lukasik, S. and Kulczycki, P., 2016, 54, pp 688–694.Google Scholar
29. Singapore-Press-Holdings. Changi, a key low-cost carrier hub in the region, 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2015, from http://news.asiaone.com/News/Latest+News/Relax/Story/A1Story20120123-323528.html.Google Scholar
30. SKYbrary. Mitigation of wake turbulence hazard, 2014. Retrieved 22 November 2014, from http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Mitigation_of_Wake_Turbulence_Hazard.Google Scholar
31. Tan, A.K.-J. The ASEAN multilateral agreement on air services: En route to open skies?, J Air Transport Management, 2010, 16, (6), pp 289–294.Google Scholar
32. Tan, B.M. Singapore Changi Airport, 2014. Retrieved 8 November 2014, from http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_574_2004-12-23.html.Google Scholar
33. Tee, Y.Y. Effects and optimisation of increasing low-cost carrier flights on runway capacity, Report of Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 2015.Google Scholar
34. Xie, Z., Aneeka, S., Lee, Y.X. and Zhong, Z.W. Study on building efficient airspace through implementation of free route concept in the Manila FIR, Int J Advanced and Applied Sciences, 2017, 4, (12), pp 10–15.Google Scholar
35. Xie, Z. and Zhong, Z.W. Aircraft path planning under adverse weather conditions, 2016 3rd International Conference on Mechanics and Mechatronics Research, MATEC Web of Conferences Vol. 77, 2016a. Article Number: UNSP 15001.Google Scholar
36. Xie, Z. and Zhong, Z.W. Simulated civil airplane visual conspicuity experiments during approaching and departure in the airport vicinity, 2016 7th International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation, Aldabass, D., Achalakul, T., Sarochawikasit, R. and PromOn, S., 2016b, pp 279-282.Google Scholar
37. Zhong, Z. Overview of recent developments in modelling and simulations for analyses of airspace structures and traffic flows, Advances in Mech Engineering, 2018, 10, (2), pp doi: 10.1177/1687814017753911.Google Scholar
38. Zhong, Z.W., Salleh, S.R., Chow, W.X. and Ong, Z.M. Studies of air traffic forecasts, airspace load and the effect of ADS-B via satellites on flight times, Conference on Advanced Free-Space Optical Communication Techniques and Applications II. Edinburgh, Scotland, Proceedings of SPIE, Volume: 9991, 2016a. Article Number: UNSP 99910B: Proceedings of SPIE, Volume: 9991, Article Number: UNSP 99910B.Google Scholar
39. Zhong, Z.W., Salleh, S.R., Chow, W.X. and Ong, Z.M. Studies of air traffic forecasts, airspace load and the effect of ADS-B via satellites on flight times, Advanced Free-Space Optical Communication Techniques and Applications II, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 9991, 2016b. Article Number: UNSP 99910B.Google Scholar
40. Zhong, Z.W. and Tee, , , T.Y. Overview of board-level solder joint reliability modeling for single die and stacked Die CSPs, Proceedings of the IEEE, 2009, 97, (1), pp 175–183.Google Scholar
41. Zhong, Z.W., Varun, D. and Lin, Y.J. Studies for air traffic management R&D in the ASEAN-region context, J Air Transport Management, 2017, 64, pp 15–20.Google Scholar