Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T04:21:26.931Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Vortical flow structures at a helicopter rotor model measured by LDV and PIV

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 July 2016

M. Raffel
Affiliation:
Institut für Strömungsmechanik Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR), Bunsenstraβe 10, Göttingen, Germany

Abstract

Flowfield measurements of the blade tip vortices from a rotating helicopter rotor model were performed by three component laser-Doppler velocimetry (3D-LDV) and conventional (two component) particle image velocimetry (PIV). In general, the results are in good correspondence, but also illustrate the different properties of both techniques: LDV offers the capability of three-component measurements, whereas PIV captures the unsteadyness of the flowfield.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 1998 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

now at: Eurocopter Deutschland (ECD), D-81663 München, Germany.

now at: Institut für Antriebstechnik, Deutsches Zentruni für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR). Linder Hohe, D-51147 Köln., Germany.

References

1. Lowson, M.V. Progress towards quieter civil helicopters, Proc of the 17th European Rotorcraft Forum, Paper 59, Berlin, Germany 1991.Google Scholar
2. Cardonne, F.X., Lautenschläger, J.L. and Silva, M.J. An experimental study of rotor-vortex interaction, AIAA 88-0045, Aerospace Science Meeting, Reno, USA 1988.Google Scholar
3. Splettstösser, W.R., Schultz, K.J. and Martin, R.M. Rotor blade-vortex interaction impulsive noise source localisation, AIAA J, 1990, 28, (4), pp 593600.Google Scholar
4. Ehrenfried, K., Meier, G.E.A. and Obermeier, F. Sound produced by vortex-airfoil interaction, Proc of the 17th European Rotorcraft Forum, Paper 63, Berlin, Germany 1991.Google Scholar
5. Burley, C.L., Jones, H.E., Marcolini, M.A. and Splettstösser, W.R. Directivity and prediction of low frequency rotor noise, AIAA 91-0592, Aerospace Science Meeting, Reno, USA 1991.Google Scholar
6. Biggers, J.C. and Orloff, K.L. Laser velocimeter measurements of the helicopter rotor induced flowfield, 30th Annual National Forum of the American Helicopter Society, reprint No 800, May 1974.Google Scholar
7. Sullivan, J.P. An experimental investigation of vortex rings and helicopter rotor wakes using a laser Doppler velocimeter, MIT Technical Report 183, June 1973.Google Scholar
8. Elliot, J.W., Althoff, S.L., Sellers, W.L. and Nichols, C.E. Inflow velocity measurements made on a helicopter rotor using two-component laser velocimeter, AIAA 19th Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics, and Laser Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, AIAA, Paper 87-1321, June 1987.Google Scholar
9. Durst, F., Melling, A. and Whitelaw, H. Principles and Practice of leaser Doppler Anemometry, Academic Press, 1981 Google Scholar
10. Boutier, A., Pagan, D. and Soulevant, D. Measurement accuracy with 3D laser Velocimetry, Int Conf on Laser Application, Manchester, December 1985.Google Scholar
11. Bütefisch, K.A. Three component laser Doppler anemometry in large windtunnels, Prog Aerospace Sci, 1989, 26, pp 79113.Google Scholar
12. Kompenhans, J. and Höcker, R. Application of particle image velocimetry to high speed flows, Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics, Lecture Series 1988-06, Particle Image Displacement Velocimetry, Brussels, 21-25 March 1988, pp 6783.Google Scholar
13. Towers, C.E., Bryanston-cross, P.J. and Judge, T.R. Application of particle image velocimetry to large-scale transonic windtunnels, Optics & Laser Technology, 1991, 23, (5), pp 289295.Google Scholar
14. Humphreys, W.M., Bartram, S.M. and Blackshire, J.L. A survey of particle image velocimetry applications in Langley Aerospace facilities, 31st Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 11-14 January 1993, Reno, AIAA, Paper 93141.Google Scholar
15. Willert, C.E., Raffel, M., Stasicki, B. and Kompenhans, J. High speed digital video camera systems and related software for application of PIV in windtunnel flows, 8th Int Sym on Appl of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mech, Lisbon, Portugal, 1996.Google Scholar
16. Murashige, A., Tsuchihashi, A., Tsujiuchi, T. and Yamakawa, E. Blade-tip vortex measurement by PIV, Proc of the 23th European Rotorcraft Forum, Paper 36, Dresden, Germany, 1997.Google Scholar
17. Beesten, B.M.J. Nichtplanare Rotorblattspitzen im Hubschraubervor-wärtsflug, Doctoral thesis, RWTH-Aachen, 1994.Google Scholar
18. Seelhorst, U., Bütefisch, K.A. and Sauerland, K.H. Three component laser Doppler velocimeter development for large windtunnels, ICIASF 1993 Record, Paper 33, Saint Louis, France, 1993.Google Scholar
19. Melling, A. Seeding gas flows for laser anemometry, AGARD Conference on Advanced Instrumentation for Aero Engine Components, Philadelphia, 19-23 May 1986, AGARD-CP 399, Paper no 8.Google Scholar
20. Meyers, J.F. Generation of particles and seeding, Von Karman Inst for Fluid Dynamics, Lecture Series 1991-05, Laser Velocimetry, Brussels, 10-14 June 1991.Google Scholar
21. Hunter, W.W. and Nichols, C.E. (Eds) Windtunnel seeding systems for laser velocimeters, Nasa Conf, (2393), Workshop, 19-20 March 1985, Nasa Langley Research Center.Google Scholar
22. Kompenhans, J., Raffel, M., Vogt, A., Fischer, M., Bretthauer, B., Vollmers, H. and Stasicki, B. Investigation of unsteady flowfields in windrunnels at high flow velocities by means of particle image velocimetry, Proc of the 2nd International Conference on Experimental Fluid Mechanics ICEFM, Onorato, M. (Ed) Levrotto and Bella, Turin, Italy 1994, pp 90102.Google Scholar
23. Willert, C.E. The fully digital evaluation of photographic PIV recordings, Applied Scientific Research, 1995.Google Scholar
24. Splettstösser, W.R., Kube, R., Wagner, W., Seelhorst, U., Boutier, A., Micheli, F. and Mercker, E. Key results from a higher harmonic control aeroacoustic rotor test (HART) in the German-Dutch windtunnel, Proc of the 21th European Rotorcraft Forum, St Petersburg, Russia, 1995.Google Scholar
25. Bearmas, P.W, Harvey, J.K. and Stewart, J.N. Development of PIV for two and three component velocity measurements in a large low speed windtunnel, Proc of the 8 lth Meeting and Symposium of the Fluid Dynamics Panel (formerly AGARD) on Advanced Aerodynamic Measurement Technology, Seattle, USA, 1997.Google Scholar
26. Willert, C.E. Stereoscopic digital particle image velocimetry for application in windtunnel flows, accepted for publication in the special issue on particle image velocimetry of measurement, science, and technology, 1997.Google Scholar
27. Horner, M.B., Stewart, J.N., Galbraith, R.A.MCD., Grant, I., Coton, F.N. and Smith, G.H. Preliminary results from a particle image velocimetry study of blade-vortex interaction, Aeronaut J, March 1995, 99, (983), pp 9198.Google Scholar
28. Horner, M.B. Galbraith, R.A.MCD., Coton, F.N., Stewart, J.N. and Grant, I. Examination of deformation during blade-vortex interaction, AIAA J, 1996, 34, (6), pp 11881194.Google Scholar