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The Rise of Written Somali Literature

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 April 2022

B.W. Andrzejewski
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Extract

This paper is a slightly revised version of a lecture given on 16th August 1975 at the Somali Institute of Development Administration and Management in Mogadishu. The text of the lecture was published in the same month, as a booklet, by the Academy of Somali Culture in Mogadishu, but in a limited number of copies only. It was also presented, orally and in absentia, at the Symposium held on 19th September 1975 at the Annual General Meeting of the African Studies Association of the United Kingdom.

In order to make the information which it contains accessible to a wider public I now offer it to readers of African Research and Documentation.

Type
Research Article
Information
African Research and Documentation , Volume 8: Volumes 8 & 9 , 1975 , pp. 7 - 14
Copyright
Copyright © International African Institute 1975

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References

References

Artan., A. 1973 (circa). Somali folklore: Dame, music, song. Mogadishu: The National Theatre.Google Scholar
Abdisalam, Yassin Mohamed. 1973. Political themes and imagery in modern Somali poetry. B.A. Thesis. Vermont College, Plainsfield. Vermont. (Copy available at the Library of the School of Oriental and African Studies. University of London).Google Scholar
Andrzejewski, B.W. 1964. ‘Somali stories’ in W. Whiteley, H. (ed.), A selection of African prose: I Traditional oral texts. Oxford Library of African Literature: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Andrzejewski, B.W. 1974. ‘The introduction of a national orthography for Somali’, African Language Studies, XV, pp. 15—54.Google Scholar
Andrzejewski, B.W. 1975. ‘The role of indicator particles in Somali’, Afroastiatic Linguistics, 1, 6, pp. 1—69. (Obtainable from Undena Publications, PO Box 97, Malibu, California, USA).Google Scholar
Andrzekewski, B.W. 1975—76 (awaiting publication). ‘Cushitic literatures (1940—1975): A survey’. To be published in the Proceedings of the International Symposium on Cushitic Languages and the Peoples who Speak them, Paris, 8—12 September, 1975. (Obtainable from Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Equipe de Recherche Associee No 240, 340 Rue Saint-Jacques, 75005 Paris).Google Scholar
Akhmed, Artan Khange, Musa, Kh.I. Galaal and Omar, Au Nukh. 1974. ‘Fopklor v zhizni Somaliitsev’, edited and translated by E.S. Sherr in Uchenuie zapiski Sovetsko-Somaliiskoi Expeditsii, Moscow: Institut Afriki, Akadmeiya Nauk SSSR, Izdatel'stvo Nauka, pp. 296—306.Google Scholar
Axmed, Cabdullaahi Qaalib. 1975 (in the press). Taageerida Kacaanka. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Axmed Cartan Xaange=A. Artan=Axmed Cartan XangeGoogle Scholar
Axmed, Cartan Xaange. 1967. ‘Qawdhan iyo Qoran’, Horseed, 5, pp. 2—12 and 8, pp. 2—16.Google Scholar
Axmed, Cartan Xaange, Muuse, Xaaji Ismaaciil Galaal And Cumar, Aw Nuux=Akhmed, Artan Khange, Musa, Kh.I. Galaal and Omar, Au Nukh Axmed, Cartan Xange. 1968. Samawada. Mogadishu.Google Scholar
Cali, Axmed F. “Idaajaa”. 1975 (in the press). Ismaaciil Mire. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Axmed, F. Cali “Idaajaa” and Cabdulqaadir, Xirsi “Yamyam”. 1975 (in the press).Google Scholar
Dabkuu shiday Darwiishkii. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Cabdi, Muxumud Aammin. 1973. Geeddiga wadaay! Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Cabdisalaan Yaasiin Maxamed=Absisalam Yassin MohamedGoogle Scholar
Cabdulqaadir, F. Bootaan. 1973. Murti iyo sheekooyin. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Codka Macallinka—Teachers’ Voice. 1972— (Per. P., in progress). Mogadishu: Public Relations Office, Ministry of Education.Google Scholar
CUMAR AW NUUX=OMAR AU NUHGoogle Scholar
Nuux, Cumar Aw=Nuh, Omar Au Nuux, Cumar Aw 1975 (in the press). Diiwaanka gabayada Xaaji Aadan Axmed ‘Afqallooc”. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Dhambaalka Akademiyaha Dhaqanka. 1975— (Per. P., in progress). Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Faarax, M.J. Cawl. 1974. Aqoondarro waa u nacab jacayl. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Hassan, Sheikh Mumin. 1974. Leopard among the women: Shabeelnaagood—A Somali play. Translated with an introduction by B.W. Andrzejewski. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hawliyo Hantiwadaag. 1973— (Per P., in progress). Mogadishu: XSMGSK.Google Scholar
Horseed. 1967—68 (Per. P., ceased publication)., Mogadishu: edited by Magan, Xirsi and published by Goosanka Afka iyo Suugaanta Soomaalida (Society for the Somali Language and Literature).Google Scholar
Hussein, M. Adam. 1968. A nation in search of a script: The problem of establishing a national orthography. Makerere: M.A. Thesis, University of East Africa.Google Scholar
Iftiinka—Aqoonta (LIGHT OF EDUCATION). 1966—67 (Per. P., ceased publication). Mogadishu: edited and published by Axmed, Shire Jaamac.Google Scholar
Jaamac, Cumar Ciise. 1974. Diiwaanka gabayadii Sayid Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS (restricted publication).Google Scholar
Johnson, John William. 1969. ‘A bibliography of the Somali language and literature'. African Language Review, 8, pp. 279—97.Google Scholar
Johnson, John William. 1973. ‘Research in Somali folklore’, Research in African Literatures, 4, 1, pp. 51—61.Google Scholar
Johnson, John William. 1974. Heellooy, heelleellooy: The development of the genre heello in modern Somali poetry. Bloomington: Indiana University Publications. (Obtainable from Messrs. Kaiman and Polon, 456, Sylvan Avenue, Inglewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632, USA).Google Scholar
Kacaan. 1974 (Per. P., now called Dhambaalka Akademiyaha Dhaqanka, q.v.). Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Musa, Galaal. 1969. Seeska hiddaha Soomaalida. Mogadishu.Google Scholar
Musa, H.I. Galaal. 1964. (circa). A collection of Somali literature: Mainly from Sayid Mahomed Abdille Hassan. Mogadishu.Google Scholar
Muusa, H.I. Galaal. 1968. Terminology and practice of Somali weather lore, astronomy and astrology. Mogadishu.Google Scholar
Muuse, Cumar Islaam. 1973. Sheekooyin Soomaaliyeed. ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Galaal, Musse Haaji Ismaaciil. 1956. Hikmad Soomaali. Edited with grammatical introduction and notes by Andrzejewski, B.W.. London: Oxford University Press. (Obtainable from the Publications Office, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, London WC1E, 7HP).Google Scholar
Muuse Xaaji Ismaaciil Galaal=Musa Galaal=Musa H.I. Galaal=Muusa H.I. Galaal=Muuse Haaji Ismaaciil GalaalGoogle Scholar
Omar, Au Nuh. 1970. Some general notes on Somali folklore. Mogadishu.Google Scholar
Panza, Bruno. 1974. Af Soomalli: Grammalica della lingua somala con piccolo vocabolario in appendice. Firenze: Le Monnier.Google Scholar
Rashiid, Maxamed Shabeelle. 1975. Ma dhab baajacayl waa loo dhintaa? Mogadishu: WMQ.Google Scholar
Shire, Jaamac Achmed. 1965. Gabayo, maahmaah iyo sheekooyin yaryar. Mogadishu: The National Printers.Google Scholar
Shire Jaamac Axmed=Shire Jaamac AchmedGoogle Scholar
Shire, Jaamac Axmed. 1973. Halgankii nolosha. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Shire, Jaamac Axmed. 1973. Rooxaan. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Waaga Cusub. 1975— (Per P., in progress). Mogadishu: WWHD.Google Scholar
Xasan Sheekh Muumin=Hassan Sheih MuminGoogle Scholar
Xasan, Yaaquub “Baabraqiis”. 1974. Aduunyo waa shaahid iyo sheeko, bound together with Soomaali been ma maahmaahdo. Mogadishu: WMQ.Google Scholar
Xasan, Yaaquub “Baabraqiis”. 1974. Waari mayside was ha kaa haro. Mogadishu: WMQ.Google Scholar
Xiddigta Oktoobar. 1973— (Per. P., daily, in progress). Mogadishu: WWHD.Google Scholar
Xuseen M. Aadan=Hussein M. AdamGoogle Scholar
Yuusuf, Meygaag Samatar. 1973. Madhafaanka murtida. Mogadishu: Madbaacadda Dawladda (i.e. WMQ) and Nairobi: Autopress.Google Scholar
Zholkovsky, A.K. 1970. Somaliiski rasskaz ‘Ispuitanie proritsatelya” (Opuit porozhdayushchego opisaniya)’, Narodui Azii i AJriki, 1, pp. 104—15 and 252—3 (English summary).Google Scholar
Artan., A. 1973 (circa). Somali folklore: Dame, music, song. Mogadishu: The National Theatre.Google Scholar
Abdisalam, Yassin Mohamed. 1973. Political themes and imagery in modern Somali poetry. B.A. Thesis. Vermont College, Plainsfield. Vermont. (Copy available at the Library of the School of Oriental and African Studies. University of London).Google Scholar
Andrzejewski, B.W. 1964. ‘Somali stories’ in W. Whiteley, H. (ed.), A selection of African prose: I Traditional oral texts. Oxford Library of African Literature: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Andrzejewski, B.W. 1974. ‘The introduction of a national orthography for Somali’, African Language Studies, XV, pp. 15—54.Google Scholar
Andrzejewski, B.W. 1975. ‘The role of indicator particles in Somali’, Afroastiatic Linguistics, 1, 6, pp. 1—69. (Obtainable from Undena Publications, PO Box 97, Malibu, California, USA).Google Scholar
Andrzekewski, B.W. 1975—76 (awaiting publication). ‘Cushitic literatures (1940—1975): A survey’. To be published in the Proceedings of the International Symposium on Cushitic Languages and the Peoples who Speak them, Paris, 8—12 September, 1975. (Obtainable from Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Equipe de Recherche Associee No 240, 340 Rue Saint-Jacques, 75005 Paris).Google Scholar
Akhmed, Artan Khange, Musa, Kh.I. Galaal and Omar, Au Nukh. 1974. ‘Fopklor v zhizni Somaliitsev’, edited and translated by E.S. Sherr in Uchenuie zapiski Sovetsko-Somaliiskoi Expeditsii, Moscow: Institut Afriki, Akadmeiya Nauk SSSR, Izdatel'stvo Nauka, pp. 296—306.Google Scholar
Axmed, Cabdullaahi Qaalib. 1975 (in the press). Taageerida Kacaanka. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Axmed Cartan Xaange=A. Artan=Axmed Cartan XangeGoogle Scholar
Axmed, Cartan Xaange. 1967. ‘Qawdhan iyo Qoran’, Horseed, 5, pp. 2—12 and 8, pp. 2—16.Google Scholar
Axmed, Cartan Xaange, Muuse, Xaaji Ismaaciil Galaal And Cumar, Aw Nuux=Akhmed, Artan Khange, Musa, Kh.I. Galaal and Omar, Au Nukh Axmed, Cartan Xange. 1968. Samawada. Mogadishu.Google Scholar
Cali, Axmed F. “Idaajaa”. 1975 (in the press). Ismaaciil Mire. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Axmed, F. Cali “Idaajaa” and Cabdulqaadir, Xirsi “Yamyam”. 1975 (in the press).Google Scholar
Dabkuu shiday Darwiishkii. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Cabdi, Muxumud Aammin. 1973. Geeddiga wadaay! Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Cabdisalaan Yaasiin Maxamed=Absisalam Yassin MohamedGoogle Scholar
Cabdulqaadir, F. Bootaan. 1973. Murti iyo sheekooyin. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Codka Macallinka—Teachers’ Voice. 1972— (Per. P., in progress). Mogadishu: Public Relations Office, Ministry of Education.Google Scholar
CUMAR AW NUUX=OMAR AU NUHGoogle Scholar
Nuux, Cumar Aw=Nuh, Omar Au Nuux, Cumar Aw 1975 (in the press). Diiwaanka gabayada Xaaji Aadan Axmed ‘Afqallooc”. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Dhambaalka Akademiyaha Dhaqanka. 1975— (Per. P., in progress). Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Faarax, M.J. Cawl. 1974. Aqoondarro waa u nacab jacayl. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Hassan, Sheikh Mumin. 1974. Leopard among the women: Shabeelnaagood—A Somali play. Translated with an introduction by B.W. Andrzejewski. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hawliyo Hantiwadaag. 1973— (Per P., in progress). Mogadishu: XSMGSK.Google Scholar
Horseed. 1967—68 (Per. P., ceased publication)., Mogadishu: edited by Magan, Xirsi and published by Goosanka Afka iyo Suugaanta Soomaalida (Society for the Somali Language and Literature).Google Scholar
Hussein, M. Adam. 1968. A nation in search of a script: The problem of establishing a national orthography. Makerere: M.A. Thesis, University of East Africa.Google Scholar
Iftiinka—Aqoonta (LIGHT OF EDUCATION). 1966—67 (Per. P., ceased publication). Mogadishu: edited and published by Axmed, Shire Jaamac.Google Scholar
Jaamac, Cumar Ciise. 1974. Diiwaanka gabayadii Sayid Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS (restricted publication).Google Scholar
Johnson, John William. 1969. ‘A bibliography of the Somali language and literature'. African Language Review, 8, pp. 279—97.Google Scholar
Johnson, John William. 1973. ‘Research in Somali folklore’, Research in African Literatures, 4, 1, pp. 51—61.Google Scholar
Johnson, John William. 1974. Heellooy, heelleellooy: The development of the genre heello in modern Somali poetry. Bloomington: Indiana University Publications. (Obtainable from Messrs. Kaiman and Polon, 456, Sylvan Avenue, Inglewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632, USA).Google Scholar
Kacaan. 1974 (Per. P., now called Dhambaalka Akademiyaha Dhaqanka, q.v.). Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Musa, Galaal. 1969. Seeska hiddaha Soomaalida. Mogadishu.Google Scholar
Musa, H.I. Galaal. 1964. (circa). A collection of Somali literature: Mainly from Sayid Mahomed Abdille Hassan. Mogadishu.Google Scholar
Muusa, H.I. Galaal. 1968. Terminology and practice of Somali weather lore, astronomy and astrology. Mogadishu.Google Scholar
Muuse, Cumar Islaam. 1973. Sheekooyin Soomaaliyeed. ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Galaal, Musse Haaji Ismaaciil. 1956. Hikmad Soomaali. Edited with grammatical introduction and notes by Andrzejewski, B.W.. London: Oxford University Press. (Obtainable from the Publications Office, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, London WC1E, 7HP).Google Scholar
Muuse Xaaji Ismaaciil Galaal=Musa Galaal=Musa H.I. Galaal=Muusa H.I. Galaal=Muuse Haaji Ismaaciil GalaalGoogle Scholar
Omar, Au Nuh. 1970. Some general notes on Somali folklore. Mogadishu.Google Scholar
Panza, Bruno. 1974. Af Soomalli: Grammalica della lingua somala con piccolo vocabolario in appendice. Firenze: Le Monnier.Google Scholar
Rashiid, Maxamed Shabeelle. 1975. Ma dhab baajacayl waa loo dhintaa? Mogadishu: WMQ.Google Scholar
Shire, Jaamac Achmed. 1965. Gabayo, maahmaah iyo sheekooyin yaryar. Mogadishu: The National Printers.Google Scholar
Shire Jaamac Axmed=Shire Jaamac AchmedGoogle Scholar
Shire, Jaamac Axmed. 1973. Halgankii nolosha. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Shire, Jaamac Axmed. 1973. Rooxaan. Mogadishu: ADH, WHTS.Google Scholar
Waaga Cusub. 1975— (Per P., in progress). Mogadishu: WWHD.Google Scholar
Xasan Sheekh Muumin=Hassan Sheih MuminGoogle Scholar
Xasan, Yaaquub “Baabraqiis”. 1974. Aduunyo waa shaahid iyo sheeko, bound together with Soomaali been ma maahmaahdo. Mogadishu: WMQ.Google Scholar
Xasan, Yaaquub “Baabraqiis”. 1974. Waari mayside was ha kaa haro. Mogadishu: WMQ.Google Scholar
Xiddigta Oktoobar. 1973— (Per. P., daily, in progress). Mogadishu: WWHD.Google Scholar
Xuseen M. Aadan=Hussein M. AdamGoogle Scholar
Yuusuf, Meygaag Samatar. 1973. Madhafaanka murtida. Mogadishu: Madbaacadda Dawladda (i.e. WMQ) and Nairobi: Autopress.Google Scholar
Zholkovsky, A.K. 1970. Somaliiski rasskaz ‘Ispuitanie proritsatelya” (Opuit porozhdayushchego opisaniya)’, Narodui Azii i AJriki, 1, pp. 104—15 and 252—3 (English summary).Google Scholar