Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T08:24:43.776Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Baka and the Magic of the State: Between Autochthony and Citizenship

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2014

Abstract:

While Baka “Pygmies” are regarded as among Africa's most indigenous peoples, their autochthony seems lacking in features that would give them standing for special consideration by die state. Somehow, indigenousness does not equal autochthony. Other mobile indigenous peoples such as traders and pastoralists have also been seen as less than autochthonous. These groups lack “roots in the soil,” which makes them less subject to the authority of the state than farmers. Further, as an acephalous society, Baka political culture cannot be appropriately adjusted to interact with the hierarchical structure of the state and related institutions. For this reason the problematic autochthony of Baka is less an issue of rights within the existing structure of the state—of civil rights—than of human rights. Unfortunately, this human rights issue is not really on any policy agenda, not even that of the working group for the U.N. Draft Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.

Résumé:

Résumé:

Tandis que les Pygmées Baka sont considérés comme les populations parmi les plus indigènes d'Afrique, leur identité autochtone semble manquer certaines caractéristiques qui leur donneraient un statut particulier aux yeux de l'etat. D'une certaine manière, il semble que l'identité indigène n'est pas équivalente à celle d'autochtone. D'autres populations nomades telles que les commerçants ou les prêcheurs ne sont pas considérés comme autochtones. Ces groupes manquent de “racines dans le sol,” ce qui les rend moins sujets à l'autorité de l'état que les fermiers. De plus, en tant que société acéphale, la culture politique Baka ne peut pas être ajustée de manière satisfaisante à la structure hiérarchique de l'état et des institutions qui s'y rattachent. C'est pour cette raison que le statut autochtone problématique des Baka est moins une question de droits au sein de la structure existante de l'état—de droits civils—que de droits de l'homme. Malheureusement, cette question de droits de l'homme n'est sur aucun agenda politique, pas même sur celui de l'équipe travaillant à la première version de la déclaration des droits des indigènes de l'ONU.

Type
Special Issue
Copyright
Copyright © African Studies Association 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agland, Phillip. 1987. Baka: People of the Rainforest. Dja River Films.Google Scholar
Bretin, Maryvonne. 2005. “Quelques Points d'Information sur le Statut des Baka.” Cameroon: SNV (Service Neerlandais des Volontaires).Google Scholar
Cavalli-Sforza, Luigi Luca. 1986. “African Pygmies: An Evaluation of the State of Resarch.” In Cavalli-Sforza, Luigi Luca, ed., African Pygmies, 361426. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Ceuppens, Bambi, and Geschiere, Peter. 2004. “‘Autochthonous’ or ‘Indigenous’?Google Scholar
Dodd, Robert. 1979. “Social and Economic Changes among the Baka Hunters and Gatherers of SouthEast Cameroon, with Particular Reference to the Proposed Yokadouma/Lomie Road.”Google Scholar
Fabian, Johannes. 1983. Time and the Other: How Anthropology Makes Its Object. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Gescheire, Peter. 2001. “Witchcraft and New Forms of Wealth.” In Clough, P. and Mitchell, J.P., eds., Powers of Good and Evil. New York: Berghan Books.Google Scholar
Jackson, Stephen. 2006. “Sons Of Which Soil? The Language and Politics of Autochthony in Eastern D.R Congo.” African Studies Review 49 (2): 95123.Google Scholar
Ministère des Affaires Sociales. 1988. “Intégration Socio-Économique des Populations Baka et Bakola du Cameroun.”Google Scholar
Moise, Robert. 2003. “Loved Ones and Strangers: Society, History and Identity in Equatorial Africa.” Ph.D diss., New York University.Google Scholar
Siret, M. 1946. “Monographic de la région de Haut-Nyong.” Yaounde: Archives IRCAM.Google Scholar
Turnbull, Colin. 1983. The Mbuti Pygmies: Change and Adaptation. New York: Holt, Reinhart and Winston.Google Scholar
Wheare, K. C. 1960. “The Constitutional Structure of the Commonwealth.” London: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar