Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T06:54:46.721Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Creating Modernities through Conversation Groups: The Everyday Worlds of Hausa Migrants in Niamey, Niger

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2014

Abstract:

This article focuses on how Hausa men in Niamey, Niger, use street side hira (“conversation”) groups to navigate their lives as migrants and to experience, negotiate, and create their own understandings of modernity. In Niamey, hira groups are the most important institution of public culture. More than any other aspect of Hausa social organization, hira groups bring together, in a concentrated fashion, circulating people and circulating ideas and thus offer a prime localized entry into the global reality of modernity.

Résumé:

Résumé:

Cet article se concentre sur la manière dont les hommes Hausa de Niamey (Niger), utilisent les groupes de hira (conversation) dans les rues pour guider leurs vies en tant que migrants, mais aussi pour vivre, négocier et créer leur propre version du monde moderne. À Niamey, les groupes de hira constituent l'institution la plus importante de la culture populaire. Plus que tout autre aspect de l'organisation sociale des Hausa, les groupes de hira réunissent, de façon concentrée, des personnes et des idées en mouvance, et offrent donc une entrée localisée de premier plan dans la réalité globale du monde moderne.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © African Studies Association 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abdou, Mahaman Sani. 1984. Impact de la television sur le milieu rural (cas de Zinder). Bamako, Mali: Ministere des Sports des Arts et de la Culture.Google Scholar
Adamu, Mahdi. 1978. The Hausa Factor in West African History. Zaria, Nigeria: Ahmadu Bello University Press.Google Scholar
Agier, Michel. 1983. Commerce et sociabilite: les negociants soudanais du quartier zongo de Lome (Togo). Paris: OSTROM (Editions de l'Office de la Recherche Scientifique Outre-Mer).Google Scholar
Appadurai, Arjun. 1990. “Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy.” Public Culture 2 (2): 1–24.Google Scholar
Appadurai, Arjun. 1996. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Appadurai, Arjun, and Breckenridge, Carol A. 1995. “Public Modernity in India.” In Public Culture in a South Asian World, edited by Breckenridge, Carol A., 1–20. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Baker, Jonathan, ed. 1997. Rural-Urban Dynamics in Francophone Africa. Uppsala, Sweden: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet.Google Scholar
Baker, Jonathan, and Aina, Tade Akin, eds. 1995. The Migration Experience in Africa. Uppsala, Sweden: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet.Google Scholar
Barber, Karin. 1997. “Introduction.” In Readings in African Popular Culture, edited by Barber, Karin, 1–12. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Bauman, Richard, and Briggs, Charles L. 1990. “Poetics and Performance as Critical Perspectives on Language and Social Life.” Annual Review of Anthropology 19: 59–88.Google Scholar
Bernus, Suzanne. 1963. Niamey: population et habitat. Etudes Nigeriennes Document no. 11. Niamey, Niger: I.F.A.N.-C.N.R.S. Google Scholar
Beynon, John, and Dunkerley, David. 2000. “General Introduction.” In Globalization: The Reader, edited by Beynon, John and Dunkerley, David, 1–38. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Cisse, Amadou. 1983. L'Exode rural a Niamey: causes et consequences. Bamako, Mali: Ministere des Sports des Arts et de la Culture.Google Scholar
Cohen, Abner. 1969. Custom and Politics in Urban Africa: A Study of Hausa Migrants in Yoruba Towns. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, Robin 1997. Global Diasporas: An Introduction. Seattle: University of Washington Press.Google Scholar
Communaute Urbaine de Niamey. 1991. Guide: Niamey, Capital of Niger. Niamey, Niger: Les Editions du Sahel.Google Scholar
Cooper, Barbara M. 1997. Marriage in Maradi: Gender and Culture in a Hausa Society in Niger, 1900–1989. Portsmouth, N.H.: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Cooper, Barbara M. 1999. “The Strength in the Song: Muslim Personhood, Audible Capital, and Hausa Women's Performance of the Hajj .” Social Text 17 (3): 87–109.Google Scholar
Ferguson, James. 1999. Expectations of Modernity: Myths and Meanings of Urban Life on the Zambian Copperbelt. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Friedland, Roger, and Borden, Deirdre. 1994. “NowHere: An Introduction to Space, Time, and Modernity.” In NowHere: Space, Time, and Modernity, edited by Friedland, Roger and Borden, Deirdre, 1–60. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Furniss, Graham. 1996. Poetry, Prose and Popular Culture in Hausa. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Gado, Boureima Alpha. 1997. Niamey: garin Kaptan Salma (histoire d'une ville). Niamey, Niger: Nouvelle Imprimerie du Niger.Google Scholar
Gaonkar, Dilip Parameshwar. 1999. “On Alternative Modernities.” Public Culture 11 (1): 1–18.Google Scholar
Giddens, Anthony. 1994. “Forward.” In NowHere: Space, Time, and Modernity, edited by Friedland, Roger and Borden, Deirdre, xi–xiii. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Goldschmidt, Walter. 1990. The Human Career: The Self in the Symbolic World. Cambridge: Basil Blackwell.Google Scholar
Goodwin, Charles, and Heritage, John. 1990. “Conversation Analysis.” Annual Review of Anthropology 19: 283–307.Google Scholar
Gupta, Akhil, and Ferguson, James. 1997. “Beyond ‘Culture’: Space, Identity, and the Politics of Difference.” In Culture, Power, Place: Explorations in Critical Anthropology, edited by Gupta, Akhil and Ferguson, James, 33–51. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Hunter, Linda, and Oumarou, Chaibou Elhadji. 1998. “Towards a Hausa Verbal Aesthetic: Aspects of Language about Using Language.” Journal of African Cultural Studies 11 (2): 157–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jamal, Vali, and Weeks, John. 1993. African Misunderstood: Or Whatever Happened to the Rural-Urban Gap? London: Macmillan Press.Google Scholar
Jankowsky, Richard. 2001. “The Globalization of Music in Tunisia.” Paper presented at Fulbright-Hays Seminars Abroad Program: The Challenges of Globalization in Morocco and Tunisia, Tunis, 07 17.Google Scholar
Kirk-Greene, Anthony H. M. 1974. “Mutumin Kirki: The Concept of the Good Man in Hausa.” The Third Annual Hans Wolff Memorial Lecture. African Studies Program, Indiana University.Google Scholar
Koudize, Aboubakari Kio. 1983. La crise du logement a Niamey: une realite vivante. Dakar, Senegal: Universite de Dakar.Google Scholar
Larkin, Brian. 1997. “Indian Films and Nigerian Lovers: Media and the Creation of Parallel Modernities.” Africa 67 (3): 406–40.Google Scholar
Maghnia, Abdeljalil. 2001. “The Musical Tradition of the Gnaoua in the Age of World Music.” Paper presented at Fulbright-Hays Seminars Abroad Program: The Challenges of Globalization in Morocco and Tunisia, Essaouira, Morocco, 07 10.Google Scholar
Masquelier, Adeline. 1996. “Identity, Alterity, and Ambiguity in a Nigerien Community: Competing Definitions of ‘True’ Islam.” In Postcolonial Identities in Africa, edited by Werbner, Richard and Ranger, Terence, 222–44. Atlantic Heights, N.J.: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Masquelier, Adeline. 2000. “Of Headhunters and Cannibals: Migrancy, Labor, and Consumption in the Mawri Imagination.” Cultural Anthropology 15 (1): 84–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masquelier, Adeline. 2001. Prayer Has Spoiled Everything: Possession, Power, and Identity in an Islamic Town of Niger. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Miles, William F. S. 1994. Hausaland Divided: Colonialism and Independence in Nigeria and Niger. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Olofson, Harold. 1975. “Cultural Values, Communication, and Urban Image in Hausaland.” Urban Anthropology 4 (2): 145–60.Google Scholar
Painter, Thomas M. 1987. Migrations, Social Reproduction and Development in Africa: Critical Notes from a Case Study in the West African Sahel. Working Paper No.7, Sahel Development Policy and Practice Research Group, The Open University, UK.Google Scholar
Masquelier, Adeline. 1992. Migrations et SIDA en Afrique de l'Ouest. New York: Care.Google Scholar
Pellow, Deborah. 1991. “From Accra to Kano: One Woman's Experience.” In Hausa Women in the Twentieth Century, edited by Coles, Catherine and Mack, Beverly, 50–68. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Masquelier, Adeline. 1999. “The Power of Space in the Evolution of an Accra Zongo.” In Theorizing the City: The New Urban Anthropology Reader, edited by Low, Setha M., 277–314. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Potts, Deborah. 1995. “Shall We Go Home? Increasing Urban Poverty in African Cities and Migration Processes.” The Geographical Journal 16: 245–64.Google Scholar
Republique du Niger. 1990. Migration, urbanisation, emploi amenagement du territoire. Comite Technique Interministeriel Sur la Population.Google Scholar
Sabo, Mahaman Lawan. 1996. Resultats de l'enquete sur les besions et aspirations des jeunes au Niger. Niamey, Niger: Republique du Niger, Ministere de la Communication de la Culture de la jeunesse et des Sports.Google Scholar
Schildkrout, Enid. 1978. People of the Zongo: The Transformation of Ethnic Identities in Ghana. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sidikou, Hamidou A. 1980. “Niamey, etude de geographie socio-urbaine.” Thèse pour le Doctorat, Universite de Rouen Haute-Normandie.Google Scholar
Simmel, George. 1949. “The Sociology of Sociability.” The American Journal of Sociology 55 (3): 254–61.Google Scholar
Stoller, Paul. 2002. Money Has No Smell: The Africanization of New York City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Toure, Adamou. 1990. Sacrifices dans la ville: le citadin chez le Devin en Cote d'Ivoire. Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire and St. Maur, France: Editions Douga.Google Scholar
Trager, Lillian. 1995. ”Women Migrants and Rural-Urban Linkages in South-Western Nigeria.” In The Migration Experience in Africa, edited by Baker, Jonathan and Aina, Tade Akin, 269–88. Uppsala, Sweden: Nordika Afrikainstitutet.Google Scholar
United Nations Human Development Program. 2002. “Human Development Report 2002: Human Development Index.” www.undp.org/hdr2002/.Google Scholar
van Dijk, Teun A. 1985. “Introduction: Dialogue as Discourse and Interaction.” In Handbook of Discourse Analysis. Vol. 3: Discourse and Dialogue, edited by van Dijk, Teun A., 1–12. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Van Hear, Nicholas. 1998. New Diasporas: The Mass Exodus, Dispersal, and Regrouping of Migrant Communities. Seattle: University of Washington Press.Google Scholar
Waterman, Christopher A. 1997. “‘Our Tradition Is a Very Modern Tradition’: Popular Music and the Construction of Pan-Yoruba Identity.” In Readings in African Popular Culture, edited by Barber, Karin, 49–53. Bloomington: The International African Institute, Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Winchester, Norris Brian. 1976. Strangers and Politics in Urban Africa: A Study of the Hausa in Kumasi, Ghana. Ph.D. diss., Indiana University.Google Scholar
Works, John Arthur Jr., 1976. Pilgrims in a Strange Land: The Hausa Community in Chad. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Yamba, C. Bawa. 1995. Permanent Pilgrims: The Role of Pilgrimage in the Lives of West African Muslims in Sudan. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Yanco, Jennifer J. 1983. “Language Attitudes and Bilingualism in Niamey, Niger.” Africana Journal 14: 1–9.Google Scholar
Youngstedt, Scott M. 1993. Hausa Careers: A Person-Centered Ethnography of Migrant Hausa in Niamey, Niger.” Ph.D. diss., University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Youngstedt, Scott M. 2002. “The Nigerien Hausa Diaspora in the U.S.: Establishing and Maintaining Communities through Communication and Information Technology.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association, Washington, D.C., 12 5–8.Google Scholar
Yusuf, Ahmed Beitallah. 1974. “A Reconsideration of Urban Conceptions: Hausa Urbanization and the Hausa Rural-Urban Continuum.” Urban Anthropology 3: 200–221.Google Scholar