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A descriptive analysis of religious involvement among older adults in Japan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 March 2010

NEAL KRAUSE ,
JERSEY LIANG ,
JOAN BENNETT ,
ERIKA KOBAYASHI ,
HIROKO AKIYAMA  and
TARO FUKAYA
NEAL KRAUSE*
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
JERSEY LIANG
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
JOAN BENNETT
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
ERIKA KOBAYASHI
Affiliation:
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
HIROKO AKIYAMA
Affiliation:
Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
TARO FUKAYA
Affiliation:
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
*
Address for correspondence: Neal Krause, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 109 Observatory Street, Ann Arbor, MI48109-2029, USA. E-mail: nkrause@umich.edu
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to conduct a descriptive analysis of multiple dimensions of religious belief and practice among older people in Japan with data from a nationwide sample. Six dimensions were evaluated: religious affiliation, involvement in formal religious organisations, private religious practices, the functions of prayer, belief in punishment by supernatural forces, and beliefs about the afterlife. In addition to describing these dimensions for the sample as a whole, tests were performed to see if they varied by age, sex, marital status, education and for those living in rural or urban areas. The findings suggest that even though older people in Japan are not highly involved in formal religious institutions, they engage frequently in private religious practices, and that while many older people in Japan do not endorse some religious beliefs (e.g. about the quality of the afterlife), there is strong adherence to others (e.g. beliefs about punishment by supernatural forces). It was found that older women are more deeply involved in religion than older men, and that levels of religious involvement appear to be higher in rural than in urban areas. Less pronounced differences were found with respect to age, but compared to the ‘young-old’, the ‘oldest-old’ aged 75 or more years were more deeply involved in those aspects of religion that take place outside formal institutions.

Keywords

religionbeliefsreligious observancesolder adultsJapan
Type
Articles
Information
Ageing & Society , Volume 30 , Issue 4 , May 2010 , pp. 671 - 696
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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