Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T21:53:37.940Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Determining the importance and feasibility of various aspects of healthy ageing among older adults using concept mapping

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 November 2020

Britteny M. Howell*
Affiliation:
Division of Population Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, USA National Resource Center for Alaska Native Elders, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
Mariah Seater
Affiliation:
Division of Population Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, USA Institute for Circumpolar Health Studies, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
Kathryn Davis
Affiliation:
Division of Population Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, USA Center for Behavioural Health Research and Services, Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
Daniel McLinden
Affiliation:
Ideas Networks LLC, Newport, Kentucky, USA
*
*Corresponding author. Email: bmhowell2@alaska.edu

Abstract

Research shows that healthy ageing is defined differently by older adults and researchers, who may put more or less weight on the physiological, psychological, societal and personal aspects of ageing. Although there is growing interest in the research literature on lay models of healthy ageing in socio-cultural context, little work has been done to determine how important or feasible the various components of healthy ageing are viewed to be by older adults. This study asked a convenience sample of 54 older adults in the circumpolar North to rate the importance and feasibility of 36 previously identified components of healthy ageing in their community. Results indicate that seniors in the sample place the most importance on aspects of the social and physical environment, while least important concepts included psychological and individual behaviours. However, most feasible aspects were individual behaviours and least feasible were aspects of the social and physical environment. Although older adults are able to construct a model of what healthy ageing should look like in their community, they do not always view the most important aspects of healthy ageing to be the most feasible to achieve, providing ample opportunity for public and social policy change.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahn, M, Kwon, HJ and Kang, J (2017) Supporting aging-in-place well: findings from a cluster analysis of the reasons for aging-in-place and perceptions of well-being. Journal of Applied Gerontology 39(1), 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464817748779.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Al-Rousan, TM, Rubenstein, LM and Wallace, RB (2014) Preparedness for natural disasters among older US adults: a nationwide survey. American Journal of Public Health 104, 506511.10.2105/AJPH.2013.301559CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Black, K and Hyer, K (2019) Generational distinctions on the importance of age-friendly community features by older age groups. Journal of Applied Gerontology 39, 10251034.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bowling, A (1995) What things are important in people's lives? A survey of the public's judgements to inform scales of health related quality of life. Social Science and Medicine 41, 14471462.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bowling, A (2007) Aspirations for older age in the 21st century: what is successful aging? International Journal of Aging and Human Development 64, 263297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Briesacher, BA, Gurwitz, JH and Soumerai, SB (2007) Patients at-risk for cost-related medication nonadherence: a review of the literature. Journal of General Internal Medicine 22, 864871.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brooks, J and Hopkins, K (2018) Federal disaster declared for Southcentral Alaska earthquake. Anchorage Daily News, November 30. Available at https://www.adn.com/alaska-news/2018/12/01/federal-disaster-declared-for-southcentral-earthquake/.Google Scholar
Calasanti, T (2016) Combating ageism: how successful is successful aging? The Gerontologist 56, 10931101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
CDC COVID-19 Response Team (2020) Severe outcomes among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) – United States, February 12–March 16, 2020. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 69, 343346.10.15585/mmwr.mm6912e2CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, L, Ye, M and Kahana, E (2019) A self-reliant umbrella: defining successful aging among the old-old (80+) in Shanghai. Journal of Applied Gerontology 39, 242249.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dionigi, RA, Horton, S and Bellamy, J (2011) Meanings of aging among older Canadian women of varying physical activity levels. Leisure Sciences 33, 402419.10.1080/01490400.2011.606779CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eldridge, SM, Lancaster, GA, Campbell, MJ, Thabane, L, Hopewell, S, Coleman, CL and Bond, CM (2016) Defining feasibility and pilot studies in preparation for randomised controlled trials: development of a conceptual framework. PLOS ONE 11, e0150205.10.1371/journal.pone.0150205CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Emelyanova, A and Rautio, A (2013) Perspectives for population ageing in the Russian North. Journal of Population Ageing 6, 161187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emelyanova, A, Golubeva, E and Danilova, R (2010) The aging process as a part of human development in the High North. BOLD 20, 2230.Google Scholar
Fernandez-Ballestros, R, Garcia, LF, Abarca, D, Blanc, E, Efklides, A, Moraitou, D, Kornfeld, R, Lerma, AJ, Mendoza-Numez, VM, Mendoza-Ruvalcaba, NM, Orosa, T, Paul, C and Patricia, S (2010) The concept of ‘ageing well’ in ten Latin American and European countries. Ageing & Society 30, 4156.10.1017/S0144686X09008587CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frazier, R, Foster, M and Leask, L (2010) Primary Care for Older Alaskans: Access and Options (UA Research Summary No. 16). Available at https://pubs.iseralaska.org/media/5ded1583-046a-42eb-8436-062593ed77dc/Medicaresummaryfinal.pdf.Google Scholar
Fried, N (2017) The cost of living. Alaska Economic Trends 36, 413. Available at: http://labor.state.ak.us/trends/jul17.pdf.Google Scholar
Grazko, J (2017) Alaska medical costs are more than double the national average. Premera Voices. Available at https://www.premera.com/Premera-Voices/All-Posts/Alaska-medical-costs-are-more-than-double-the-national-average/.Google Scholar
Green, AE and Aarons, GA (2011) A comparison of policy and direct practice stakeholder perceptions of factors affecting evidence-based practice implementation using concept mapping. Implementation Science 6, 104.10.1186/1748-5908-6-104CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hansen-Kyle, L (2005) A concept analysis of healthy aging. Nursing Forum 40, 4557.10.1111/j.1744-6198.2005.00009.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hanson, HM, Schiller, C, Winters, M, Sims-Gould, J, Clarke, P, Curran, E, Donaldson, MG, Pitman, B, Scott, V, McKay, HA and Ashe, MC (2013) Concept mapping applied to the intersection between older adults’ outdoor walking and the built and social environments. Preventive Medicine 57, 785791.10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.08.023CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harzing, A-W, Brown, M, Köster, K and Zhao, S (2012) Response style differences in cross-national research. Management International Review 52, 341363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hook, CJ and Markus, HR (2020) Health in the United States: are appeals to choice and personal responsibility making Americans sick? Perspectives on Psychological Science 15, 643664.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howell, BM (2015) Housing Barriers Report 2015. Alaska Governor's Council on Disabilities and Special Education. Available at http://dhss.alaska.gov/gcdse/Documents/Publications/HousingBarriers2015.pdf.Google Scholar
Howell, BM and Bardach, S (2018) ‘It's a social thing:’ sociocultural experiences with nutrition and exercise in Anchorage, Alaska. Arctic Anthropology 55, 116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howell, BM and Peterson, JR (2020) ‘With age comes wisdom:’ a qualitative review of elder perspectives on healthy aging in the Circumpolar North. Journal of Cross-cultural Gerontology 35, 113131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howell, BM, Seater, M and McLinden, D (2020) Using Concept Mapping methods to define ‘healthy aging’ in Anchorage, Alaska. Journal of Applied Gerontology 35, 113131.Google Scholar
Huang, H-Y (2016) Mixture random-effect IRT models for controlling extreme response style on rating scales. Frontiers in Psychology 7, 1706.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huskey, L (2005) Challenges to economic development: dimensions of ‘remoteness’ in the North. Polar Geography 29, 119125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Inselberg, A (2009) Parallel Coordinates: Visual Multidimensional Geometry and Its Applications. New York, NY: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kane, M and Rosas, S (2018) Conversations about Group Concept Mapping: Applications, Examples, and Enhancements. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Kane, M and Trochim, WM (2007) Concept Mapping for Planning and Evaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katz, S and Calasanti, T (2014) Critical perspectives on successful aging: does it ‘appeal more than it illuminates’? The Gerontologist 55, 2633.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, B, King, L, Bauman, AE, Baur, LA, Macniven, R, Chapman, K and Smith, BJ (2014) Identifying important and feasible policies and actions for health at community sports clubs: a consensus-generating approach. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 17, 6166.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knapp, G (2012) An Introduction to the Economy of Alaska. Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska Anchorage. Available at https://iseralaska.org/static/legacy_publication_links/presentations/2012_02-Introduction_to_Economy_of_Alaska.pdf.Google Scholar
Kusumastuti, S, Derks, MGM, Tellier, S, Di Nucci, E, Lund, R, Mortensen, EL and Westendorp, RGJ (2016) Successful ageing: a study of the literature using citation network analysis. Maturitas 93, 412.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lamb, S (2014) Permanent personhood or meaningful decline? Toward a critical anthropology of successful aging. Journal of Aging Studies 29, 4152.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, JP (2011) Successful aging through the eyes of Alaska Native Elders. What it means to be an elder in Bristol Bay, AK. The Gerontologist 51, 540549.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, JP (2013) The importance of optimism in maintaining healthy aging in rural Alaska. Qualitative Health Research 23, 15211527.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, JP (2014) What successful aging means to Alaska Natives: exploring the reciprocal relationship between the health and well-being of Alaska Native Elders. International Journal of Aging and Society 3, 7788.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyon, AR, Cook, CR, Locke, J, Davis, C, Powell, BJ and Waltz, TJ (2019) Importance and feasibility of an adapted set of implementation strategies in schools. Journal of School Psychology 76, 6677.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mäkelä, MJ, Backer, V, Hedegaard, M and Larsson, K (2013) Adherence to inhaled therapies, health outcomes and costs in patients with asthma and COPD. Respiratory Medicine 107, 14811490.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mojtabai, R and Olfson, M (2003) Medication costs, adherence, and health outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries. Health Affairs 22, 220229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Low Income Housing Coalition (2020) Out of Reach 2019: Alaska. Available at https://reports.nlihc.org/oor/alaska.Google Scholar
Osborn, R, Squires, D, Doty, MM, Sarnak, DO and Schneider, EC (2016) In new survey of eleven countries, US adults still struggle with access to and affordability of health care. Health Affairs 35, 23272336.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Park, S, Han, Y, Kim, B and Dunkle, RE (2017) Aging in place of vulnerable older adults: person–environment fit perspective. Journal of Applied Gerontology 36, 13271350.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Passini, J, Frazier, R and Guettabi, M (2018) Trends in Alaska's Health-care Spending. Available at https://pubs.iseralaska.org/media/a3cda29a-5f21-405c-95ce-9b246244f5bf/Trends_in_Alaskas_Health-Care_Spending.pdf.Google Scholar
Pauly, B, Martin, W, Perkin, K, van Roode, T, Kwan, A, Patterson, T, Tong, S, Prescott, C, Wallace, B and Hancock, T (2018) Critical considerations for the practical utility of health equity tools: a concept mapping study. International Journal for Equity in Health 17, 48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Phelan, EA, Anderson, LA, Lacroix, AZ and Larson, EB (2004) Older adults’ views of ‘successful aging:’ how do they compare with researchers’ definitions? Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 52, 211216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, BJ, Waltz, TJ, Chinman, MJ, Damschroder, LJ, Smith, JL, Matthieu, MM, Proctor, EK and Kirchner, JE (2015) A refined compilation of implementation strategies: results from the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) project. Implementation Science 10, 21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
R Core Team (2017) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available at http://www.r-project.org/.Google Scholar
Reichstadt, J, Sengupta, G, Depp, CA, Palinkas, LA and Jeste, DV (2010) Older adults’ perspectives on successful aging: qualitative interviews. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 18, 567575.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reinhard, E, Courtin, E, Van Lenthe, FJ and Avendano, M (2018) Public transport policy, social engagement and mental health in older age: a quasi-experimental evaluation of free bus passes in England. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 72, 361368.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosas, SR (2012) The utility of concept mapping for actualizing participatory research. Cuadernos Hispanoamericanos de Psicologia 12, 724.Google Scholar
Rosas, SR and Kane, M (2012) Quality and rigor of the concept mapping methodology: a pooled study analysis. Evaluation and Program Planning 35, 236245.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rowe, J and Kahn, RL (1987) Human aging: usual and successful. Science 237, 143149.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rowles, GD and Bernard, MA (2013) Environmental Gerontology: Making Meaningful Places in Old Age. New York, NY: Springer.Google Scholar
Schiller, C, Winters, M, Hanson, HM and Ashe, MC (2013) A framework for stakeholder identification in concept mapping and health research: a novel process and its application to older adult mobility and the built environment. BMC Public Health 13, 428.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soellner, R, Lenartz, N and Rudinger, G (2017) Concept mapping as an approach for expert-guided model building: the example of health literacy. Evaluation and Program Planning 60, 245253.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sohrabi, C, Alsafi, Z, O'Neill, N, Khan, M, Kerwan, A, Al-Jabir, A, Iosifidis, C and Agha, R (2020) World Health Organization declares global emergency: a review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). International Journal of Surgery 76, 7176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stormont, M, Lewis, TJ and Covington Smith, S (2005) Behavior support strategies in early childhood settings: teachers’ importance and feasibility ratings. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions 7, 131139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swift, AU and Tate, RB (2013) Themes from older men's lay definitions of successful aging as indicators of primary and secondary control beliefs over time: the Manitoba Follow-up Study. Journal of Aging Studies 27, 410418.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Syed, ST, Gerber, BS and Sharp, LK (2013) Traveling towards disease: transportation barriers to health care access. Journal of Community Health 38, 976993.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tikkanen, R and Abrams, MK (2020) U.S. Health Care from a Global Perspective, 2019: Higher Spending, Worse Outcomes? The Commonwealth Fund. Available at https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2020/jan/us-health-care-global-perspective-2019.Google Scholar
Tkatch, R, Musich, S, MacLeod, S, Kraemer, S, Hawkins, K, Wicker, ER and Armstrong, DG (2017) A qualitative study to examine older adults’ perceptions of health: keys to aging successfully. Geriatric Nursing 38, 485490.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Torres, S (2003) A preliminary empirical test of a culturally relevant theoretical framework for the study of successful aging. Journal of Cross-cultural Gerontology 18, 79100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Traina, G, Martinussen, PE and Feiring, E (2019) Being healthy, being sick, being responsible: attitudes towards responsibility for health in a public healthcare system. Public Health Ethics 12, 145157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trevino, KM, Canin, B, Healy, C, Moran, S, Trochim, WM, Martin, P, Pillemer, K, Sirey, JA and Reid, MC (2020) Bridging the gap between aging research and practice: a new strategy for enhancing the Consensus Workshop Model. Journal of Applied Gerontology 39(6), 677680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464818791433.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trochim, WM (1989) An introduction to concept mapping for planning and evaluation. Evaluation and Program Planning 2, 116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trochim, WM and Kane, M (2005) Concept mapping: an introduction to structured conceptualization in health care. International Journal for Quality in Health Care 17, 187191.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trochim, WM and McLinden, D (2017) Introduction to a special issue on concept mapping. Evaluation and Program Planning 60, 166175.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tufte, ER (2001) The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, 2nd Edn. Cheshire, CN: Graphics Press.Google Scholar
United Health Foundation (2020) 2019 Senior Report: Alaska. America's Health Rankings. Available at https://www.americashealthrankings.org/learn/reports/2019-senior-report/state-summaries-alaska.Google Scholar
US Census Bureau (2020) QuickFacts: Anchorage Municipality, Alaska. Available at https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/anchoragemunicipalityalaska,AK/INC110218.Google Scholar
van Bon-Martens, MJH, van de Goor, IAM and van Oers, HAM (2017) Concept mapping as a method to enhance evidence-based public health. Evaluation and Program Planning 60, 213228.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vaughn, LM and McLinden, D (2016) Concept mapping. In Jason, LA and Glenwick, DS (eds), Handbook of Methodological Approaches to Community-based Research: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, pp. 305314.Google Scholar
Vaughn, LM, Jones, JR, Booth, E and Burke, JG (2017) Concept mapping methodology and community-engaged research: a perfect pairing. Evaluation and Program Planning 60, 229237.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waldbrook, N (2015) Exploring opportunities for healthy aging among older persons with a history of homelessness in Toronto, Canada. Social Science and Medicine 128, 126133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waltz, TJ, Powell, BJ, Chinman, MJ, Smith, JL, Matthieu, MM, Proctor, EK, Damschroder, LJ and Kirchner, JE (2014) Expert recommendations for implementing change (ERIC): protocol for a mixed methods study. Implementation Science 9, 39.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waltz, TJ, Powell, BJ, Matthieu, MM, Damschroder, LJ, Chinman, MJ, Smith, JL, Proctor, EK and Kirchner, JE (2015) Use of concept mapping to characterize relationships among implementation strategies and assess their feasibility and importance: results from the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) study. Implementation Science 10, 109.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waters, LA, Galichet, B, Owen, N and Eakin, E (2011) Who participates in physical activity intervention trials? Journal of Physical Activity and Health 8, 85103.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wood, JR and Wood, LE (2008) Card sorting: current practices and beyond. Journal of Usability Studies 4, 16.Google Scholar
Young, Y, Frick, KD and Phelan, EA (2009) Can successful aging and chronic illness coexist in the same individual? A multidimensional concept of successful aging. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 10, 8792.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed