Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T02:40:37.776Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

‘I want (to be) an active grandmother’ – activity as a new normative framework of subjective meanings and expectations associated with the grandmother role

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2018

JAROSLAVA HASMANOVÁ MARHÁNKOVÁ*
Affiliation:
Department of Sociology, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
*
Address for correspondence: Jaroslava Hasmanová Marhánková, Department of Sociology, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 306 14 Pilsen, Czech Republic E-mail: jmarhan@kss.zcu.cz

Abstract

The article analyses the norms of grandmothering in relation to cultural representations of active ageing. Based on interviews that were carried out with 20 mothers and 20 grandmothers of children under the age of ten, the article focuses on the way in which the current emphasis on activity influences ideas about how the roles of grandparent should be performed and how women relate to their own ageing. The analysis shows that being active represented a significant framework of the mothers’ notions and expectations associated with care provided by grandmothers, of grandmothers’ talk about their own grandparental role and how both generations of women interpret their own memories of their own grandmothers. Both the mothers and the grandmothers noted how the family role of grandmothers had changed compared to past generations of grandmothers. This change was framed by the idea of having an active lifestyle and this idea formed an important framework for the mothers’ expectations about what their role as grandmothers might be like in the future. This paper critically analyses those representations of the grandmother role and point out the emergence of new forms of conflicts and challenges, and the sense of ambivalence about traditional roles that result from the close association made between being active and the representation of grandmothering.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahrons, C. R. 2007. Family ties after divorce: long-term implications for children. Family Process, 46, 1, 5365.Google Scholar
Arber, S. and Timonen, V. 2012. Grandparenting in the 21st century: new directions. In Arber, S. and Timonen, V. (eds), Contemporary Grandparenting. The Policy Press, Bristol, UK, 247–64.Google Scholar
Avramov, D. and Mašková, M. 2003. Active Ageing in Europe. Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg.Google Scholar
Beck-Gernsheim, E. 2002. Reinventing the Family. In Search of New Lifestyles. Polity Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Biggs, S. 2001. Towards critical narrativity. Stories of aging in contemporary social policy. Journal of Aging Studies, 15, 4, 303–16.Google Scholar
Boyatzis, R. E. 1998. Transforming Qualitative Information. Thematic Analysis and Code Development. Sage, Thousand Oaks, California.Google Scholar
Breheny, M., Stephenson, C., and Spilsbury, L. 2013. Involvement without interference: how grandparents negotiate intergenerational expectations in relationships with grandchildren. Journal of Family Studies, 19, 2, 174–84.Google Scholar
Clarke, A. and Warren, L. 2007. Hopes, fears and expectations about future: what do older people's stories tell us about active ageing? Ageing & Society, 27, 4, 465–88.Google Scholar
Ezzy, D. 2002. Qualitative Analysis. Practice and Innovation. Routledge, London.Google Scholar
Gauthier, A. 2002. The role of grandparents. Current Sociology, 50, 2, 295307.Google Scholar
Hašková, H., Maříková, H. and Uhde, Z. 2009. Who cares and who cared? Leaves, allowances, and facilities: childcare past and present. In Hašková, H. and Uhde, Z. (eds), Women and Social Citizenship in Czech Society: Continuity and Change. Sociologický ústav AV ČR, Prague, 77134.Google Scholar
Hasmanová Marhánková, J. 2010. Konstruování představ aktivního stárnutí v centrech pro seniory. Sociologický časopis/Czech Sociological Review, 46, 2, 211–34.Google Scholar
Hasmanová Marhánková, J. 2014. ‘Women are just more active’ – gender as a determining factor in involvement in senior centres. Ageing & Society, 34, 9, 1482–504.Google Scholar
Hasmanová Marhánková, J. and Štípková, M. 2014. Typologie prarodičovství v české společnosti. Faktor ovlivňující zapojení prarodičů do péče o vnoučata. Naše společnost, 12, 1, 1526.Google Scholar
Hepworth, M. 1995. Positive ageing. What is the message? In Bunton, R., Nettleton, S. and Burrows, R. (eds), The Sociology of Health Promotion: Critical Analysis of Consumption, Lifestyle and Risk. Routledge, London, 176–90.Google Scholar
Höhne, S., Kuchařová, V., Svobodová, K., Št'astná, A. and Žáčková, L. 2010. Rodina a zaměstnání s ohledem na rodinný cyklus. VÚPS, Prague. Available online at http://praha.vupsv.cz/Fulltext/vz_310.pdf [Accessed 13 August 2016].Google Scholar
Hurd, L. C. 1999. ‘We're not old!’: older women's negotiation of aging and oldness. Journal of Ageing Studies, 13, 4, 419–39.Google Scholar
Katz, S. 2000. Busy bodies: activity, ageing and the management of the everyday life. Journal of Ageing Studies, 14, 2, 135–52.Google Scholar
Kemp, C. L. 2004. ‘Grand’ expectations: the experiences of grandparents and adult grandchildren. Canadian Journal of Sociology, 29, 4, 499525.Google Scholar
Laslett, P. 1989. A Fresh Map of Life: The Emergence of the Third Age. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London.Google Scholar
Lessenich, S. 2015. From retirement to active aging: changing images of ‘old age’ in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. In Torp, C. (ed.), Challenges of Aging. Springer, New York, 165–77.Google Scholar
Lund, A. and Engelsrud, G. 2008. ‘I am not that old’: inter-personal experiences of thriving and threads at a senior centre. Ageing & Society, 28, 5 675–92.Google Scholar
Mann, R. 2007. Out of the shadows?: grandfatherhood, age and masculinities. Journal of Ageing Studies, 21, 4, 281–91.Google Scholar
May, V., Mason, J. and Clarke, L. 2012. Being there, yet not interfering: the paradoxes of grandparenting. In Arber, S. and Timonen, V. (eds), Contemporary Grandparenting. The Policy Press, Bristol, UK, 139–58.Google Scholar
Moulaert, T. and Biggs, S. 2012. International and European policy on work and retirement: reinventing critical perspectives on active ageing and mature subjectivity. Human Relations, 66, 23, 2343.Google Scholar
Možný, I. 1999. Sociologie rodiny. Sociologické nakladatelství, Prague.Google Scholar
Mueller, M., Wilhelm, M. B. and Elder, G. H. 2002. Variations in grandparenting. Research on Aging, 24, 3, 360–88.Google Scholar
Patton, M. 1990. Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. Sage, Beverly Hills, California.Google Scholar
Petrová Kafková, M. 2010. Mezigenerační solidarita ve stárnoucí společnosti. Sociální studia 7, 4, 6384.Google Scholar
Rudman, D. L. 2006. Shaping the active, autonomous and responsible retiree: an analysis of discursive technologies and their links with neo-liberal political rationality. Ageing & Society, 26, 2, 181201.Google Scholar
Silverstein, M., Giarrusso, R. and Bengtson, V. L. 1998. Intergenerational solidarity and the grandparent role. In Szinovacz, M. E. (ed.), Handbook on Grandparenthood. Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut, 144–58.Google Scholar
Tarrant, A. 2012. Grandfathering: the construction of new identities and masculinities. In Arber, S. and Timonen, V. (eds), Contemporary Grandparenting. Changing Family Relationships in Global Contexts. The Policy Press, Bristol, UK, 181202.Google Scholar
Townsend, J., Godfrey, M. and Denby, T. 2006. Heroines, villains and victims: older people's perception of other. Ageing & Society, 26, 6, 883900.Google Scholar
Uhlenberg, P. 2005. Historical forces shaping grandparent–grandchild relationships: demography and beyond. In Silverstein, M. (ed.), Intergenerational Relations Across Time and Place. Springer, New York, 7797.Google Scholar
Uhlenberg, P. and Hammill, B. G. 1998. Frequency of grandparent contact with grandchild sets: six factors that make a difference. The Gerontologist, 38, 3, 276–85.Google Scholar
Uhlenberg, P. and Kirby, J. B. 1998. Grandparenthood over time: historical and demographic trends. In Szinovacs, M. (ed.), Handbook on Grandparenthood. Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut, 2439.Google Scholar
Večerník, J. and Matějů, P. (eds) 1999. Ten Years of Rebuilding Capitalism. Czech Society 1898–1998. Academia, Prague.Google Scholar
Vidovićová, L., Galčanová, L. and Petrová Kafková, M. 2015. Význam a obsah prarodičovské role u mladých českých seniorů a seniorek. Sociologický časopis/Czech Sociological Review, 51, 5, 761–82.Google Scholar
Walker, A. and Dlitt, B. H. 2000. Public policy and the construction of old age in Europe. The Gerontologist, 40, 3, 304–8.Google Scholar