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An Analysis of the Last 1000 Years Human Diet on Tutuila (American Samoa) Using Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Frédérique Valentin ,
Estelle Herrscher ,
Fiona Petchey  and
David J. Addison
Frédérique Valentin
Affiliation:
CNRS UMR 7041, Maison de l'Archeologie et de l'Ethnologie, 21 alleé de l'Universite, 92023 Nanterre cedex, France (frederique.valentin@mae.u-paris10.fr)
Estelle Herrscher
Affiliation:
CNRS, UMR 6636, LAMPEA, Aix-en-Provence
Fiona Petchey
Affiliation:
Waikato Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, Hamilton, New Zealand
David J. Addison
Affiliation:
Samoan Studies Institute, ASCC, American Samoa
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Abstract

This paper reports the first set of isotopic data relating to human diet from the Samoan Archipelago. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope data measured on bone collagen were used to assess dietary patterns of prehistoric communities on Tutuila Island, American Samoa. We examined 14 human bones from three sites dated to three distinct periods: ~1,000 years ago (N = 5); -500 years ago (N = 8) and -150 years ago (N = 1). The isotopie data suggest that the human diet on Tutuila over the last 1,000 years was composed mainly of terrestrial resources with some consumption of coastal reef products. These data suggest a possible dietary change over time, with a higher dependence on marine resources in the earlier period shifting to a more terrestrial diet in the later period. Several possibilities for this dietary shift are suggested including: change in community specialization; marine resource depression; disintensification of marine procurement; intensification of horticultural production; and cultural or social changes in resource allocation.

Resumen

Resumen

Cet article présente la première série de données isotopiques interprétées en termes de reconstruction paléoalimentaire pour l'archipel des Samoa. Les signatures des isotopes stables du carbone et de l'azote du collagène osseux ont été utilisées pour établir les profils alimentaires de communautés ayant vécues sur Tutuila (Samoa américaines) durant le dernier millénaire. Quatorze échantillons ont été analysés. Ils proviennent de trois sites et sont rapportés à des périodes distinctes : -1000 ans (N = 5); -500 ans (N = 8) and -150 ans (N = 1) avant le présent. Les données indiquent que les aliments consommés durant les derniers milles ans étaient principalement issus du milieu terrestre et secondairement du milieu côtier. L'analyse suggère de plus un possible changement alimentaire au cours du temps, avec une plus forte utilisation du milieu marin à la période ancienne qu' à la période récente. Plusieurs hypothèses pouvant expliquer cette modification des pratiques alimentaires sont discutées.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 76 , Issue 3 , July 2011 , pp. 473 - 486
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 2011

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