Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T22:19:31.920Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Ecological Interpretation in Archaeology: Part II

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

C. W. Meighan ,
D. M. Pendergast ,
B. K. Swartz Jr.  and
M. D. Wissler
C. W. Meighan
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles, Calif.
D. M. Pendergast
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles, Calif.
B. K. Swartz Jr.
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles, Calif.
M. D. Wissler
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles, Calif.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

In a previous paper (Meighan and others 1958), we considered techniques whereby the archaeologist can derive conclusions concerning prehistoric man's relationship to his environment. We limited our study to hunting and gathering societies since we felt that these were most directly and intimately affected by environment. In the present discussion, we have attempted to expand our study to include archaeological communities marked by the presence of agriculture, domestic animals, or both. Our inquiry can be phrased thus: what physical remains associated with agricultural communities can be used as evidence for ecological inferences? The answers to this question are neither as numerous nor as obvious as we first supposed, yet such answers are basic to an understanding of culture history.

Type
Research Article
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 24 , Issue 2 , October 1958 , pp. 131 - 150
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 1958

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anonymous 1862 The Fauna of Middle Europe During the Stone Age [A Review of Ludwig Rütimeyer's work, unnamed of 1861]. Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for 1861, pp. 361–7. Washington.Google Scholar
Albright, W. F. 1949 The Archaeology of Palestine. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.Google Scholar
Amsden, C. A. 1949 Prehistoric Southwesterners from Basketmaker to Pueblo. Southwest Museum, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Anderson, Edgar, and Cutler, H. C. 1942 Races of Zea Mays: I, Their Recognition and Classification. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Gardens, Vol. 29, pp. 69–88. St. Louis.Google Scholar
Bennett, W. C. 1946 Archeology of the Central Andes and the Andean Highlands. In “Handbook of South American Indians,” edited by Steward, J. H., Vol. 2. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin. 143. Washington.Google Scholar
Braidwood, R. J. 1950 Prehistoric Men. Chicago Natural History Museum, Popular Series, Anthropology, No. 37. Chicago.Google Scholar
Carter, G. F. 1945 Plant Geography and Culture History in the American Southwest. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, No. 5. Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, New York.Google Scholar
Childe, V. G. 1931 Skara Brae. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner and Co., London.Google Scholar
Childe, V. G. 1950 The Dawn of European Civilization. Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.Google Scholar
Childe, V. G. 1951 Man Makes Himself. Mentor Books, New York.Google Scholar
Clark, Grahame 1941 Prehistoric England. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.Google Scholar
Clark, Grahame 1952 Prehistoric Europe: The Economic Basis. Philosophical Library, New York.Google Scholar
Clark, Grahame 1953 From Savagery to Civilization. Henry Schuman, New York.Google Scholar
Cook, S. F. and Treganza, A. E. 1950 Quantitative Investigation of Indian Mounds. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 40, No. 5. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Coon, C. S. 1943 Southern Arabia, A Problem for the Future. In “Studies in the Anthropology of Oceania and Asia presented in Memory of Roland B. Dixon,” Papers of the Peabody Museum, Harvar. University, Vol. 20. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Cornwall, I. W. 1957 Bones for the Archaeologist. Macmillan, New York.Google Scholar
Curwen, E. C. and Hatt, Gudmund 1953 Plough and Pasture. Henry Schuman, New York.Google Scholar
Dechelette, Joseph 1914 Manual d'archeologie prehistorique et galloromaine, III. Auguste Picard, Paris.Google Scholar
Dobzahnsky, Theodosius 1955 Evolution, Genetics, and Man. John Wiley and Sons, New York.Google Scholar
Dyson, R. H. 1953a Archeology and the Domestication of Animals in the Old World. American Anthropologist, Vol. 55, No. 5, pp. 661–73. Menasha.Google Scholar
Dyson, R. H. 1953b The Archaeological Evidence of Cultivated Wheat and Barley in Near Eastern Prehistory. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology, No. 9, pp. 7–11. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Firbas, Franz 1937 Der pollenanalytische Nachweis des Getreidebaus. Zeitschrift für Botanik, Bd. 31. Jena.Google Scholar
Frankfort, Henri 1939 Cylinder Seals. Macmillan, London.Google Scholar
Frankfort, Henri 1951 The Birth of Civilization in the Near East. Indiana University Press, Bloomington.Google Scholar
Galton, Francis 1865 The Domestication of Animals. Transactions of the Ethnological Society of London, n.s., Vol. 3. London.Google Scholar
Garrod, D. S. 1932 A New Mesolithic Industry: the Natufian of Palestine. journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, Vol. 62, pp. 257–69. London.Google Scholar
Gaul, J. H. 1943 Observations on the Bronze Age in the Yenisei Valley, Siberia. In “Studies in the Anthropology of Oceania and Asia presented in Memory of Roland B. Dixon,” Papers of the Peabod. Museum, Harvard University, Vol. 20. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Giffen, A. E. van 1936 Der Warf in Ezinge, Provinz Groningen, Holland, und seine westgermanischen Häuser. Germania, Vol. 20, pp. 40–7. Berlin.Google Scholar
Goddard, P. E. 1934 Indians of the Northwest Coast. American Museum of Natural History Handbook Series, No. 10. New York.Google Scholar
Hatt, Gudmund 1937 Landrug i Danmarks Oldtid. Folkelaesning, No. 367. Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Haury, E. W. 1956 Speculations on Settlement Patterns in the Southwest. In “Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in the New World,” edited by Willey, G. R.. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, No. 23. Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, New York.Google Scholar
Heizer, R. F. 1951 The Sickle in Aboriginal Western North America. American Antiquity, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 247–52. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Huzayyin, Soliman 1956 Changes in Climate, Vegetation and Human Adjustment in the Saharo-Arabian Belt with Special Reference to Africa. In Man's Role in Changing the Face of the Earth, edited by Thomas, W. L. Jr. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Ischer, Th. 1928 Die Pfahlbanten des Bielersees. Heimatkundeliche Monographien, No. 4, Heimatkundeskommission. Biel.Google Scholar
Iverson, Johannes 1956 Forest Clearance in the Stone Age. Scientific American, Vol. 194, No. 3, pp. 36–41. New York.Google Scholar
Jennings, J. D., Reed, E. K., Griffin, J. B., Kelley, J. C., Meighan, C. W., Stubbs, Stanley, and Wheat, J. B. 1956 The American Southwest: A Problem in Cultural Isolation. In “Seminars in Archaeology: 1955,” edited by Wauchope, Robert, pp. 59–127. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology, No. 11. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Keller, Ferdinand 1878 Lake Dwellings of Switzerland and Other Parts of Europe. Longmans, Green, and Co., London.Google Scholar
Kroeber, A. L. 1953 Paracas Cavernas and Chavin. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 40, No. 8. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Lehman, Walter 1924 The Art of Old Peru. Ernest Benn, London.Google Scholar
Linné, S. 1929 Darien in the Past. Göteborgs Kungliga Vetenskapsoch Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, 5th foljden, Ser. A, Band 1, No. 3. Gothenburg.Google Scholar
Linné, S. 1934 Archaeological Researches at Teotihuacan, Mexico. Ethnographical Museum of Sweden, Publication, n.s. No. 1. Stockholm.Google Scholar
Mangelsdorf, P. C. and Reeves, R. G. 1939 The Origin of Indian Corn and its Relatives. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin. 574. College Station.Google Scholar
Manglesdorf, P. C. and Smith, E. E. Jr. 1949 New Archaeological Evidence on Evolution in Maize. Botanical Museum Leaflets, Harvard University, Vol. 13, No. 8. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Mathiassen, Therkel 1927 Archaeology of the Central Eskimos. Report of the Fifth Thule Expeditio. 1921–24, Vol. 4, Pts. 1, 2. Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Mc.Gregor, J. C. 1951 The Cohonina Culture of Northwestern Arizona. University of Illinois Press, Urbana.Google Scholar
Mc.Gregor, J. C. 1957 Prehistoric Village Distribution in the Illinois River Valley. American Antiquity, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 272–9. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Meighan, C. W. 1953 The Coville Rock Shelter, Inyo County, California. Anthropological Records, Vol. 12, No. 5. University of California Press, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Meighan, C. W., Pendergast, D. M., Swartz, B. K. Jr., and Wissler, M. D. 1958 Ecological Interpretation in Archaeology: Part I. American Antiquity, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 1–23. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Minns, E. H. 1913 Scythians and Greeks. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Mirov, N. T. 1945 Notes on the Domestication of Reindeer. American Anthropologist, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 393–408. Menasha.Google Scholar
Morris, E. H. 1939 Archaeological Studies in the La Plata District, Southwestern Colorado and Northwestern New Mexico. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication. 519. Washington.Google Scholar
Munro, Robert 1912 Palaeolithic Man and Terramara Settlements in Europe. Gurney and Jackson, London.Google Scholar
Narr, K. J. 1956 Early Food-Producing Populations. In Man's Role in Changing the Face of the Earth, edited by Thomas, W. L. Jr. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Olson, R. L. 1927 Adze, Canoe, and House Types of the Northwest Coast. University of Washington Publicotions in Anthropology, Vol. 2, pp. 13–17. Seattle.Google Scholar
Perkins, A. L. 1949 The Comparative Archaeology of Early Mesopotamia. The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization, No. 25. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Raftery, Joseph 1951 Prehistoric Ireland. B. T. Batsford, London.Google Scholar
Rütimeyer, Ludwig 1862 Die Fauna der Pfahlbauten der Schweiz. Druck von Ziircher und Furrer, Zurich.Google Scholar
Sauer, C. O. 1950 Cultivated Plants of South and Central America. In “Handbook of South American Indians,” edited by Steward, J. H., Vol. 6. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin. 143. Washington.Google Scholar
Sauer, C. O. 1956 The Agency of Man on the Earth. In Man's Role in Changing the Face of the Earth, edited by Thomas, W. L. Jr. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Sprockhoff, E. 1938 Die nordische Megalithkultur. W. de Gruyter and Co., Berlin.Google Scholar
Stewart, O. C. 1956 The Forgotten Side of Ethnogeography. In Method and Perspective in Anthropology, Papers in Honor of Wilson D. Wallis, edited by Spencer, R. F.. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.Google Scholar
Thompson, J. E. S. 1939 Excavations at San Jose, British Honduras, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication. 506. Washington.Google Scholar
Vaillant, G. C. 1944 The Aztecs of Mexico. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.Google Scholar
Ward, Gordon 1941 The Iron-Age Horseshoe and Its Derivatives. Antiquaries Journal, Vol. 21, pp. 9–27. London.Google Scholar
Ward-Perkins, J. B. 1941 The Iron-Age Horseshoe. Antiquaries Journal, Vol. 21, pp. 144–9. London.Google Scholar
Wedel, W. R. 1953 Some Aspects of Human Ecology in the Central Plains, American Anthropologist, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 499–514. Menasha.Google Scholar
Wheat, J. B. 1955 Mogollon Culture Prior to A.D. 1000, Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology, No. 10. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
White, T. E. 1955 The Dog Bone from the Buffalo Pasture Site, Observations on the Butchering Technics of Some Aboriginal Peoples, No. 7. American Antiquity, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 170–3. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Willey, G. R. 1953 Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in the Viru Valley, Peru. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 155. Washington.Google Scholar
Williams, Stephen 1956 Settlement Patterns in the Lower Mississippi Valley. In “Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in the New World,” edited by Willey, G. R.. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, No. 23. Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, New York.Google Scholar
Woodbury, R. B. 1939 Ground and Pecked Stone Artifacts. In “Preliminary Report on the 1937 Excavations, Be 50–51, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico,” by Kluckhohn, Clyde and Reiter, Paul. The University of New Mexico Bulletin, No. 345, Anthropological Series, Vol. 3, No. 2. Albuquerque.Google Scholar
Woolley, Leonard 1950 Ur of Chaldees. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.Google Scholar
Wormington, H. M. 1955 A Reappraisal of the Fremont Culture. Proceedings of the Denver Museum of Natural History, No. 1. Denver.Google Scholar