Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T22:36:05.746Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Sustainable swine production in the U.S. Corn Belt

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 1991

Mark S. Honeyman*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor of Agricultural Education and Studies and Animal Science, and Coordinator of the Outlying Research System and offcampus courses, College of Agriculture, Iowa Home Economics and Agriculture Experiment Station, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011.
Get access

Abstract

Swine production is a major component of Corn Belt agriculture; thus development of a sustainable Corn Belt agriculture depends on sustainable swine production systems. Swine are versatile enough to adapt to sustainable concepts, and swine production raises several opportunities to enhance sustainability. These include: 1) feeding with increased use of forages and by-product feeds; 2) nutrient cycling through improved handling of manure; 3) low-capital housing systems that offer an improved environment for the operator and reduced financial risk; 4) management systems suited to the swine's behavior; and 5) preventive approaches to swine health and a broader genetic base. The challenge beyond identifying the opportunities is research and technology transfer and incorporation of sustainable concepts into ecologically based swine production systems.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Allee, G. L. 1976. Evaluation of a self-fed sow gestation diet. J. Anim. Sci. 42:1348. (Abstr.)Google Scholar
2. Anthony, W. B. 1970. Animal waste valuenutrient recovery and utilization. J. Anim. Sci. 32:799802.10.2527/jas1971.324799xGoogle Scholar
3. Bhattacharya, A. N., and Taylor, J. C.. 1975. Recycling animal waste as a feedstuff: A review. J. Anim. Sci. 41:14381457.10.2527/jas1975.4151438xGoogle Scholar
4. Blouin, G. N., and Davis, C. H.. 1975. Energy requirements for the production and distribution of chemical fertilizers. U. S. Division of Chemical Development, National Fertilizer Development Center, Tennessee Valley Authority, Muscle Shoals, Alabama.Google Scholar
5. Calvert, C. C., Steele, N. C., and Rosebrough, R. W.. 1985. Digestibility of fiber components and reproductive performance of sows fed high levels of alfalfa meal. J. Anim. Sci. 61:595602.Google Scholar
6. Cantrell, J. 1985. A low investment swine system: A demonstration project. Kerr Founda Foundation, Inc., Agricultural Division, Poteau, Oklahoma.Google Scholar
7. Carnell, P. 1983. Alternatives to factory farming. Earth Resources Research Ltd., London.Google Scholar
8. Carter, D., Crenshaw, J., Zimprich, R., and Swantek, P. M.. 1987. Added bulk in gestation diets improves sow and litter performance. In North Dakota State University Swine Research Reports, Fargo, North Dakota, pp. 2733.Google Scholar
9. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. 1980. Food from animals: Quantity, quality and safety. Report No. 82. Ames, Iowa.Google Scholar
10. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. 1981. Antibiotics in animal feeds. Report No. 88. Ames, Iowa.Google Scholar
11. Cuaron, J. A., Robles, A., and Shimada, A. S.. 1979. Use of dehydrated lucerne (Medicago sativa) in the nutrition of pregnant sows. Tec. Pecu. Mex. 37:713.Google Scholar
12. Curtis, S. E. 1983. Environmental management in animal agriculture. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.Google Scholar
13. Curtis, S. E. 1987. The case for intensive farming of food animals. In Fox, M. W. and Mickley, L. D. (eds.). Advances in Animal Welfare 1986/1987. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston, Massachusetts, pp. 245254.Google Scholar
14. Danielson, D. M., and Noonan, J. J.. 1975. Roughages in swine gestation diets. J. Anim. Sci. 41:9499.10.2527/jas1975.41194xGoogle Scholar
15. Donham, K. J., and Popendorf, W. J.. 1985. Ambient levels of selected gases inside swine confinement buildings. American Industrial Hygiene Assoc. Journal 46(11):658661.10.1080/15298668591395490Google Scholar
16. Futrell, G. A., Dhuyvetter, K., and Obrien, D.. 1988. Trends in hog production and production efficiency. Econ. Rep. 22, Department of Economics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.Google Scholar
17. Gilbertson, C. B., Shuyler, L. R., Moore, J. A., and Miner, J. R.. 1984. Livestock residue management and pollution control. In J. M. Sweeten and F. J. Humenik (eds.). Agriculture and the Environment. Environmental Quality Coordinating Committee of Amer. Soc. Agric. Engin., St. Joseph, Michigan, pp. 5160.Google Scholar
18. Gloridoss, R. G., and Das, T. K.. 1983. Nutritive value of kitchen waste for Yorkshire swine. Mysore J. Agric. Sci. 17:165167.Google Scholar
19. Grigg, D. B. 1974. The agricultural systems of the world: An evolutionary approach. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.Google Scholar
20. Hagen, C. D., Moser, R. L., Cornelius, S. G., and Pettigrew, J. E.. 1987. Alfalfa haylage for gestating swine. J. Anim. Sci. 65:138. (Abstr.)Google Scholar
21. Hays, V. W., Batson, D., and Gerrits, R.. 1986. Public health implications of the use of antibiotics in animal agriculture-Preface. J. Anim. Sci. 62 (Suppl. 3):14.Google Scholar
22. Hillburn, C., Kliebenstein, J., Stevermer, E., and Trede, L.. 1988. Profit determinants in Iowa swine production. A.S. Leaflet R570. In ISU Swine Research Reports-1988. AS-596. Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.Google Scholar
23. Hoff, J. D., Nelson, D. W., and Sutton, A. L.. 1981. Ammonia volatilization from swine manure applied to cropland. J. Environ. Qual. 10:9095.10.2134/jeq1981.00472425001000010020xGoogle Scholar
24. Holzgraefe, D. P., Jensen, A. H., Fahey, G. C. Jr., and Grummer, R. R.. 1986. Effects of dietary alfalfa-orchardgrass hay and lasalocid on sow reproductive performance. J. Anim. Sci. 62:11451153.10.2527/jas1986.6251145xGoogle Scholar
25. Honeyman, M. S., and Zimmerman, D. R.. 1990. Long-term effects of corn gluten feed on the reproductive performance and weight of gestating sows. J. Anim. Sci. 68:13291336.Google Scholar
26. Houghton, D. 1988. Home, cheap home. Hogs Today, February, pp. 1617.Google Scholar
27. Institute of Medicine. 1989. Human Risks with the Subtherapeutic Use of Penicillin or Tetracyclines in Animal Feed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
28. Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship. 1989. Iowa Agricultural Statistics. Des Moines, Iowa.Google Scholar
29. Iowa State University. 1988. The Iowa pork industry: Competitive situation and prospects. Pub. STF1. Ames, Iowa.Google Scholar
30. Iowa State University. 1989. Job creation in animal agriculture in Iowa. Iowa State University and Iowa Business Council, Ames, Iowa.Google Scholar
31. Johnston, G. 1984. Year-round farrowing in A-frames. Successful Farming, March, p. H7.Google Scholar
32. Jones, R. W., and Easter, R. A.. 1987. The effects of feeding gestating gilts and sows a corn-corn gluten feed diet on reproductive and litter performance and milk composition. J. Anim. Sci. 65:321. (Abstr.)Google Scholar
33. Kass, M. L., VanSoest, P. J., Pond, W. G., Lewis, B., and McDowell, R. E.. 1980. Utilization of dietary fiber from alfalfa by growing swine I. Apparent digestibility of diet components in specific segments of the gastrointestinal tract. J. Anim. Sci. 50:175191.10.2527/jas1980.501175xGoogle Scholar
34. Killingsworth, M. L., and Kliebenstein, J. B.. 1984. Estimation of production cost relationships for swine producers using different levels of confinement. J. Am. Soc. Farm Managers and Rural Appraisers 48(2):3236.Google Scholar
35. King, F. H. 1911. Farmers of Forty Centuries. Reprinted 1973 and 1989. Organic Gardening Press, Emmaus, Pennsylvania.Google Scholar
36. Kliebenstein, J. B., and Sleper, J. R.. 1980. An economic evaluation of total confinement, partial confinement, and pasture swine production systems. Agric. Exp. Sta. Res. Bull. 1034. University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.Google Scholar
37. Kliebenstein, J. B., Kirtley, C. L., and Killingsworth, M. L.. 1981. A comparison of swine production costs for pasture, individual, and confinement farrow-to-finish production facilities. Agric. Exp. Sta. Spec. Rept. 273. University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.Google Scholar
38. Kliebenstein, J. B., Kirtley, C. L., and Selby, L. A.. 1983. A survey of swine production health problems and health maintenance expenditures. Prev. Vet. Med. 1 (1982/1983):357369.10.1016/0167-5877(83)90006-5Google Scholar
39. Kornegay, E. T. 1981. Soybean hull digestibility by sows and feeding value for growingfinishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 53:138145.10.2527/jas1981.531138xGoogle Scholar
40. Lidvall, E. R., Ray, R. M., Dixon, M. C., and Wyatt, R. L.. 1980. A comparison of three farrow-finish pork production systems. Tenn. Farm Home Sci. Reprint 116. Tennessee Agric. Exp. Sta., Knoxville, Tennessee.Google Scholar
41. Livingstone, R. M., and Fowler, V. R.. 1984. Pig feeding in the future: Back to nature? Span 27(3):108110.Google Scholar
42. Marberry, S. 1988. Low-tech tradeoff. Hog Farm Manage., May. pp. 1416.Google Scholar
43. Midwest Plan Service. 1976. Structures and Environment Handbook. Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.Google Scholar
44. Miller, M. 1989. Will “welfare” pork pay a premium. Pork '89, November, pp. 4552.Google Scholar
45. Mobley, E. D. 1987. Fixed costs. Hog Farm Manage., April, pp. 2528.Google Scholar
46. Molnar, J. J., and Wu, L. S.. 1989. Environmental consequences of animal waste disposal: Farm operator perspectives and practices. Circ. 297. Alabama Agr. Exp. Sta., Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.Google Scholar
47. National Research Council. 1989. Alternative Agriculture. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
48. Office of Technology Assessment. 1979. Drugs in Livestock Feed. Volume I. Technical Report. Congress of the United States, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
49. Phelps, A. 1986. Cutting costs with communal rearing. Hog Farm Manage., December, pp. 1820.Google Scholar
50. Pollman, D. S., Danielson, D. M., Crenshaw, M. A., and Peo, E. R. Jr., 1981. Long-term effects of dietary additions of alfalfa and tallow on sow reproductive performance. J. Anim. Sci. 51:294299.Google Scholar
51. Pond, W. G. 1981. Limitations and opportunities in the use of fibrous and by-product feeds for swine. In Proc. Distillers Feed Conference, April 2, Vol. 36. Cincinnati, Ohio.Google Scholar
52. Rhodes, V. J., Fathman, D., and Procter, M. H.. 1987. Basic data on U.S. mid/large size hog operations 1986–87. AEWP 1987–17, Agric. Econ. Dept, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.Google Scholar
53. Russell, J. 1987. Start on a shoestring. Hogs Today, November, pp. 3031.Google Scholar
54. Russell, J. 1990. What was good enough for Dad. Hogs Today, January, pp. 1618.Google Scholar
55. Sutton, A. L., Huber, D. M., and Jones, D. D.. 1990. Strategies for maximizing the nutrient utilization of animal wastes as a fertilizer resource. In Proc. 6th Int. Symposium on Agric. and Food Processing Wastes, Chicago, Illinois. Amer. Soc. Agric. Engin. pp. 139147.Google Scholar
56. Taylor, L., and Curtis, S.. 1988. Sow feeder shakedown. Natl. Hog Farmer, May. pp. 2428.Google Scholar
57. Taylor, I., and Curtis, S.. 1989. Nursery feeders. Natl. Hog Farmer, May. pp. 1825.Google Scholar
58. Thong, L. A., Jensen, A. H., Harmon, B. G., and Cornelius, S. G.. 1977. Distillers dried grains with solubles as a supplement protein source in diets for gestating swine. J. Anim. Sci. 46:674677.Google Scholar
59. Van Dyke, N. J., Prince, T. J., and Hill, D. T.. 1986. Digestibility and utilization of energy and protein in screened swine waste solids by gestating gilts. J. Anim. Sci. 63:11501155.Google Scholar
60. Van Dyne, D., and Gilbertson, C. B.. 1978. Estimating U.S. livestock and poultry manure and nutrient production. ESCS-12. Economics, Statistics, and Cooperatives Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
61. Watkins, R. 1987. Old-style hog farm rakes in profits. Hogs Today, November, pp. 3637.Google Scholar
62. Wiesemuller, W. 1982. Lucerne silage as a source of amino acids in sow nutrition. Pig News Info. 3(2): 149.Google Scholar
63. Zhang, W. C., Wu, S. J., and Rempel, W. E.. 1983. Some performance characteristics of prolific breeds of pigs in China. Livestock Prod. Sci. 10:5968.Google Scholar
64. Zikovic, S., and Bowland, J. P.. 1970. Influence of substituting higher fiber ingredients for corn on the digestibility of diets and performance of sows and litters. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 50:177184.Google Scholar