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Smith v. Ministry of Defence, Ellis v. Ministry of Defence & Allbutt v. Ministry of Defence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Alexia Solomou
Alexia Solomou*
Affiliation:
Lauterpacht Centre for International Law, University of Cambridge
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Abstract

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Keywords

European Convention on Human RightsArticle 2right to lifeextraterritorial jurisdictioncombat immunity
Type
International Decisions
Information
American Journal of International Law , Volume 108 , Issue 1 , January 2014 , pp. 79 - 86
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2014 

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References

1 Smith v. Ministry of Defence, Ellis v. Ministry of Defence & Allbutt v. Ministry of Defence, [2013] UKSC 41, [2013] W.L.R. 239, available at http://www.supremecourt.gov.uk. Decisions of British courts cited herein are available at http://www.bailii.org/databases.html.

2 Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Nov. 4, 1950, ETS No. 5, 213 UNTS 221. Article 1 of the Convention provides that “[t]he High Contracting Parties shall secure to everyone within their jurisdiction the rights and freedoms defined in Section I of this Convention.”

3 Article 2(1) of the Convention provides in part that “[e]veryone’s right to life shall be protected by law.”

4 Smith v. Ministry of Defence, [2011] EWHC 1676 (Q.B.), [2011] H.R.L.R. 35 (Eng.), available at http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/QB/2011/1676.html (upholding R (in re Smith) v. Oxfordshire Assistant Deputy Coroner, [2010] UKSC 29, [2011] 1 A.C. 1, paras. 307–08).

5 Id., para. 47.

6 Id.

7 Id., para. 81.

8 Id., paras. 110, 111.

9 [2012] EWCA (Civ) 1365, [2013] 1 All E.R. 778, para. 32 (Lord Moses).

10 E.g., Banković v. Belgium, 2001-XII Eur. Ct. H.R. 333 (reported by Alexandra Rüth & Mirja Trilsch at 97 AJIL 168 (2003)); Al-Skeini v. United Kingdom, App. No. 55721/07, 53 Eur. H.R. Rep. 589 (2011), 50 ILM 995 (2011). Decisions of the European Court of Human Rights cited herein are available at http://hudoc.echr.coe.int.

11 see Miša Zgonec-Rošsej, , Case Report: Al-Skeini v. United Kingdom, 106 AJIL 131, 133–34 (2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

12 Al-Skeini, 50 ILM at 1033, para. 131.

13 Id. at 1036, para. 149.

14 Id. at 1034–35, paras. 131–38.

15 Loizidou v. Turkey, Preliminary Objections, 1996-VI Eur. Ct. H.R. 2216, para. 62; see also Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo (Dem. Rep. Congo v. Uganda), 2005 ICJ Rep. 168, paras. 179, 216–17 (Dec. 19).

16 Cyprus v. Turkey, App. Nos. 6780/74, 6950/75, 2 Eur. Comm’n H.R. Dec. & Rep. 125 (1975).

17 Bankovic, supra note 10, paras. 75, 82.

18 Id., para. 75.

19 Cyprus v. Turkey, 2001-IV Eur. Ct. H.R. 1, para. 77 (reported by Frank Hoffmeister at 96 AJIL 445, 446 (2002)); see also 2 Eur. Comm’n H.R. Dec. & Rep. at 136, para. 8; Chrysostomos v. Turkey, 34 Y.B. Eur. Comm’n H.R. 35, para. 32 (1991).

20 Thomas Tugendhat & Laura Croft, The Fog of Law: An Introduction to the Legal Erosion of British Fighting Power 31 (Policy Exchange, 2013), available at http://www.policyexchange.org.uk.

21 Ex parte Marais (Reasons) v. Gen. Officer Commanding Lines of Commc’n & Att’y-Gen., [1902] A.C. 109, 114 (P.C.) (appeal taken from Cape of Good Hope); Burmah Oil Co. v. Lord Advocate, [1964] UKHL 6, [1965] A.C. 75, 110 (appeal taken from Scot.); Shaw Savill & Albion Ltd. v Commonwealth (1940) 66 CLR 344 (Austl.).

22 Mulcahy v. Ministry of Defence, [1996] EWCA (Civ) 1323, [1996] Q.B. 732 (Eng.); Bici v. Ministry of Defence, [2004] EWHC 786 (Q.B.); R (in re Smith) v. Oxfordshire Assistant Deputy Coroner, supra note 4.

23 Tugendhat & Croft, supra note 20, at 11.

24 Id. at 10.

25 Id. at 28.