On June 2, 1948, the United States Senate gave its approval to the conclusion by the Executive of two treaties of friendship, commerce and navigation. These were the first two treaties of this type signed by the United States since the cessation of hostilities in the second World War. Each of them had been foreshadowed in earlier treaties. The Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation with China, signed November 4, 1946, ratifications of which were exchanged November 30, 1948, was to carry out the purpose which China and the United States had recorded in Article VII of their Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China and the Regulation of Related Matters, signed at Washington on January 11, 1943. That with Italy, signed February 2, 1948, is the type of instrument apparently envisaged in Article 82 of the Peace Treaty with Italy.