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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 February 2021
1 106 S. Ct. 1697 (1986).
2 Id. at 1699.
3 1975 111. Laws, Publ Act 79-1126, as amended, now codified as Ill. Rev. Stat. ch. 38, §§81-21 to 81-34 (1983).
4 FED. R. CIV. P. 24.
5 106 S. Ct. at 1703.
6 U.S. Const, art. Ill, cl. 1.
7 106 S. Ct. at 1704.
8 Id. at 1706.
9 Id. at 1706-07.
10 Id. at 1707-08. (citing Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church and State, 454 U.S. 464, 472 (1982)).
11 Id. at 1708-11.
12 Id. at 1710 (citing Donaldson v. United States, 400 U.S. 517, 531 (1971)).
13 Id. at 1711.
14 106 S. Ct. 2101 (1986).
15 Id. at 2117; see 29 U.S.C. § 794 (1985).
16 45 C.F.R. §84.55 (1985).
17 45 C.F.R. § 84.55(b)-(e) (1985).
18 American Hospital Association v. Heckler, 585 F. Supp. 541 (S.D.N.Y. 1984).
19 729 F.2d 144 (2d Cir. 1984).
20 106 S. Ct. at 2114.
21 Id. at 2122 (quoting 29 U.S.C. § 794 (1985)).
22 Id. at 2118-20.
23 Id. at 2120.
24 Id. at 2128.
25 729 F.2d at 156-57.
26 106 S. Ct. at 2128-29.
27 Id. at 2130.
28 106 S. Ct. 2841 (1986).
29 Id. at 2846.
30 Id. at 2843-44.
31 Ga. Code Ann. § 16-2-2 (1984).
32 106 S. Ct. at 2842.
33 Id. at 2842-43.
34 Id. at 2844.
35 Id. at 2846.
36 Id. (citing Stanley v. Georgia, 394 U.S. 557, 568, n. ll (1969)).
37 106 S. Ct. at 2846.
38 U.S. Const, amend. V & XIV, § 1.
39 106 S. Ct. at 2844.
40 Id., quoting Palko v. Connecticut, 302 U.S. 319, 325 (1937).
41 106 S. Ct. at 2844 (quoting Moore v. East Cleveland, 431 U.S. 494, 503 (1977) (opinion of Powell, J.)).
42 106 S. Ct. at 2844-46.
43 Id. at 2846.
44 106 S. Ct. 2133 (1986).
45 42 C.F.R. § 405.504(b) (1985).
46 106 S. Ct. at 2135.
47 Id. at 2138.
48 42 U.S.C. § 1395u(b)(3)(C) (1982 Supp. II).
49 42 U.S.C. § 1395ff(b)(l)(C), (b)(2) (1982 Supp. II).
50 106 S. Ct. at 2135.
51 42 U.S.C. § 1395ff(b) (1982 Supp. II).
52 106 S. Ct. at 2137.
53 Id. at 2135-36 (citing Abbott Laboratories v. Gardner, 387 U.S. 136 (1967)).
54 106 S. Ct. at 2137-38 (citing Abbott Laboratories, 387 U.S. at 141).
55 106 S. Ct. at 2140 (citing 42 U.S.C. § 1395ii (1982 Supp. II) and 42 U.S.C. § 405(h) (1982 Supp. II)).
56 106 S. Ct. at 2141.
57 Id.
58 106 S. Ct. 507 (1985).
59 Id. at 512.
60 Id. at 514.
61 Id. at 510.
62 Id. at 508, 509 n.4.
63 Id. at 508-09.
64 Id. at 510.
65 U.S. Const., amend. XIV, cl. 1.
66 106 S. Ct. at 511.
67 Id.
68 Id. at 512.
69 Id. at 512 n.9, 513.
70 Id. at 513 (citing Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S. 307, 323 (1982)).
71 106 S. Ct. at 514.
72 Id.
73 106 S. Ct. 2456.
74 Id. at 2457.
75 42 U.S.C. § 1396 etseq.
76 42 U.S.C. § 1396a(a)(10)(A).
77 42 U.S.C. § 1396a(a)(17).
78 42 C.F.R. §435.831 (1985).
79 42 U.S.C. § 1396a(a)(10)(C)(i)(II).
80 106 S. Ct. at 2460.
81 Id.
82 Id. at 2461.
83 Id. at 2462.
84 Id. at 2463-64.