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Does International Law Promote the Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes? Evidence from the Study of Territorial Conflicts since 1945

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 April 2011

PAUL K. HUTH ,
SARAH E. CROCO  and
BENJAMIN J. APPEL
PAUL K. HUTH*
Affiliation:
University of Maryland
SARAH E. CROCO*
Affiliation:
University of Maryland
BENJAMIN J. APPEL*
Affiliation:
University of Maryland
*
Paul K. Huth is Professor, Department of Government and Politics, University of Maryland, 3140 Tydings Hall, College Park, MD 20742 (phuth@gvpt.umd.edu).
Sarah E. Croco is Assistant Professor, Department of Government and Politics, University of Maryland, 3140 Tydings Hall, College Park, MD 20742 (scroco@umd.edu).
Benjamin J. Appel is a Ph.D. candidate in International Relations, Department of Government and Politics, University of Maryland, 3140 Tydings Hall, College Park, MD 20742 (bappel@gvpt.umd.edu).
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Abstract

In this article, we explain the role of international law in the resolution of territorial disputes from 1945 to 2000. In doing so, we focus on three outcomes of interest. First, when do states choose to revise the territorial status quo through negotiations instead of force? Second, when are states able to reach a final settlement? Third, when do states prefer a process of legal dispute resolution (i.e., adjudication or arbitration) to bilateral negotiations? To answer these questions, we argue that when the legal principles relevant to the dispute are unambiguous and clearly favor one side, a law-based focal point will emerge. This focal point, in turn, facilitates the settlement process by helping leaders overcome distribution problems, a central obstacle in reaching a final agreement. We find strong and consistent empirical support for our hypotheses regarding international law and peaceful dispute resolution.

Type
Research Article
Information
American Political Science Review , Volume 105 , Issue 2 , May 2011 , pp. 415 - 436
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 2011

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