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Hobbes, Savagery, and International Anarchy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 January 2011

PAT MOLONEY
PAT MOLONEY*
Affiliation:
Victoria University of Wellington
*
Pat Moloney is Senior Lecturer, Political Science and International Relations Programme, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6015, New Zealand (pat.moloney@vuw.ac.nz).
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Abstract

This article argues that Hobbes constructed the sovereignty acknowledged among European states on the supposition of the absence of sovereignty in the New World. The notion of international anarchy found in Hobbes before the twentieth century was not the anarchy of interstate relations later posited by realism, but the anarchy of prepolitical societies outside the ordered system of European states. The modern geography of sovereignty that Hobbes established is demonstrated with reference to the cartographic traditions that informed his representation of the state of nature and the civil state, and to the historical context of the law of nations as it was understood to manage colonial rivalry in the seventeenth century. By constructing savages as absolutely free individuals in the state of nature, he precluded their recognition as free sovereign states. He thus contributed a set of premises to natural jurisprudence that denied indigenous societies statehood and excluded them from the family nations. A sketch of the Hobbesian legacy among theorists of the law of nations and international law is made, showing how his motif of savage anarchy remained central to our conceptualization of the sovereign state within the international realm into the twentieth century.

Type
Research Article
Information
American Political Science Review , Volume 105 , Issue 1 , February 2011 , pp. 189 - 204
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 2011

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