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Characterization of indigenous pigs in Southwestern Nigeria using blood protein polymorphisms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2012

A.C. Adeola  and
O.G. Omitogun
A.C. Adeola*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 2220005, Nigeria
O.G. Omitogun
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 2220005, Nigeria
*
Correspondence to: A.C. Adeola, Department of Animal Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 2220005, Nigeria. email: chadeola@yahoo.com
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Summary

The Nigerian indigenous pigs (NIP) are threatened to lose their genetic diversity through unsustainable farming practices in Nigeria. Therefore, the genetic relationships of NIP and commercially developed cross-bred pigs were evaluated to pinpoint a possible source of pure uncontaminated genetic stocks of NIP for conservation. Blood protein polymorphisms were used as a preliminary genetic analysis of blood samples from a total of 120 pigs (79 NIP from three separate locations and 41 cross-bred pigs). Nineteen polymorphic bands of the blood proteins globulin, transferrin and albumin were observed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a phylogenetic dendrogram was developed to analyse the genetic relationship between the NIPs. The three NIPs were found to have a high genetic similarity (84 percent similarity coefficient), and were found to be distinctly different from the commercially cross-bred strains. One line from a farm in Ogbooro, Saki Oyo, Nigeria was identified as a relatively stable genetic resource that may be a suitable NIP for future conservation efforts.

Résumé

Les diversités génétiques et les relations avec les porcs indigènes du Nigéria (NIP) et des ceux Croisés ont été évalués pour pourvoir ciblé une source possible des stocks génétiques purs non-contaminés dans le but de la conservation finale des NIP. Un total de 120 échantillons des couchons ont été recueilli, dont 79 étaient NIP et 41 Croissées. Subsequenment, 12% SDS-PAGE (éléctrophorèse d'acrylamide avec sulfate de sodium dodécyl) a été fait et les profils éléctrophorètiques des animaux sont evalués et comparés. En suite l'analyse UPGMA a été construie pour les groupements génétiques. Tous les NIPs en provenance de trois localités ont revelé une haute similarités génétiques (84%) montrant leur relations génétiques très proches.

Resumen

La insostenibilidad de las prácticas ganaderas en Nigeria amenaza la diversidad genética de los cerdos autóctonos nigerianos (NIP por sus siglas en inglés). Por tanto, se evaluó la relación genética entre NIP y los cerdos cruzados usados a nivel comercial con el fin de detectar una posible fuente genética de NIP puros no contaminados para su conservación. El polimorfismo en las proteínas sanguíneas se usó como análisis genético preliminar en las muestras de sangre de un total de 120 cerdos (79 NIP procedentes de tres ubicaciones distintas y 41 cerdos cruzados). Mediante electroforesis en gel de poliacrilamida con dodecilsulfato sódico, se observaron 19 bandas polimórficas para las proteínas sanguíneas globulina, transferrina y albúmina. Se desarrolló un dendograma poligenético para analizar la relación genética entre los NIP. Así, se encontró que los tres grupos de NIP tenían una elevada similitud genética (84 percent de coeficiente de similitud) y que diferían claramente de las líneas cruzadas comerciales. En una granja de Ogbooro, Saki Oyo (Nigeria) se identificó una fuente genética relativamente estable de NIP que podría usarse para futuros esfuerzos de conservación.

Keywords

animal genetic resourcesconservationelectrophoresisNigerian indigenous pigressources zoogénétiquesconservationélectrophorèseporc indigène du Nigeriarecursos zoogenéticosconservaciónelectroforesiscerdo autóctono nigeriano
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 51 , December 2012 , pp. 125 - 130
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2012

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