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Egg production potentials of certain indigenous chicken breeds from South Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 May 2010

J.A.N. Grobbelaar ,
B. Sutherland  and
N.M. Molalakgotla
J.A.N. Grobbelaar*
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Council, Livestock Business Division, Irene, Private Bag x2, Irene 0062, South Africa
B. Sutherland
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, Department of Animal Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag x680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
N.M. Molalakgotla
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Council, Livestock Business Division, Irene, Private Bag x2, Irene 0062, South Africa
*
Correspondence to: J.A.N. Grobbelaar, Agricultural Research Council, Livestock Business Division, Irene, Private Bag x2, Irene 0062, South Africa. email: jgrob@arc.agric.za
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Summary

The aim of this study was to determine the egg production potentials of four different indigenous chicken breeds in South Africa: Potchefstroom Koekoek, Venda, Ovambo and Naked Neck. The White Leghorn breed was used as the control. The egg production potentials were evaluated over two consecutive production cycles of 52 weeks (used as replicates). Data were collected at the experimental farm of the Agriculture Research Council at Irene. Treatment means were separated using Fisher's protected t-test least significant difference at the 5 percent level of significance and the percentage mortality rate by means of a row by column chi-square test. No significant differences were observed between breeds on the mean age to the production of the first egg. The White Leghorn was superior (p ≤ 0.05) to all four of the indigenous breeds for the mean number of eggs and percentage hen-housed egg production produced per production cycle. The Potchefstroom Koekoek was also superior (p ≤ 0.05) to the other three indigenous breeds for these parameters. There was no difference between the Ovambo and Naked Neck breeds. The percentage mortality rate for the White Leghorn (39.5 percent) was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) different from that of the Venda, Ovambo and Potchefstroom Koekoek (22.2 percent). No differences were observed among the Potchefstroom Koekoek, Venda, Ovambo and Naked Neck (32.3 percent) or between the White Leghorn and Naked Neck with regard to the mean percentage mortality.

Résumé

Le but de l'étude était de déterminer le potentiel de production en œufs de quatre espèces de poules d'Afrique du Sud (Potchefstroom Koekoek, Venda, Ovambo et Naked Neck) ainsi que la Leghorn Blanche. Le potentiel de production en œufs fut évalué sur deux cycles de production consécutifs de 52 semaines (utilisé comme résultats reproductibles). Les données furent recueillies à la ferme expérimentale du Conseil de Recherche Agricole, à Irene. Les moyens de traitement furent séparés en utilisant le test t protégé de Fisher différence la moins significative au niveau d'importance de 5 percent et le pourcentage du taux de mortalité au moyen d'un test d'une ligne par colonne χ2. Aucune différence significative ne fut décelée entre les espèces de l'age moyen jusqu'à la production du premier œuf. Des différences significatives (p ≤ 0.05) se présentèrent pour le pourcentage moyen des poules hébergées et le nombre d'œufs produit par cycle de production entre les Leghorn Blanches et les quatre espèces indigènes. Avec ces paramètres le Potchefstroom Koekoek, diffère de façon significative des autres trois espèces. Aucune différence ne soit obtenue entre le s Ovambo et les Naked Neck. Une différence significative (p ≥ 0.05) c'est produit pour le pourcentage moyen du taux de mortalité entre Les Leghorns Blanches et les Potchefstroom Koekoek, les Venda et les Ovambo. Aucune différence ne fut obtenue entre les Potchefstroom Koekoek, les Venda, les Ovambo et les Naked Neck ainsi que entre les Leghorn Blanches et les Ovambo par rapport au pourcentage moyen de mortalité.

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el potencial de puesta de cuatro diferentes razas locales de gallinas presentes en Sudáfrica. Éstas fueron la Potchefstroom Koekoek, la Venda, la Ovambo y la Naked Neck (cuello desnudo). Se utilizó a la Leghorn Blanca como control. Los potenciales de puesta fueron evaluados a lo largo de dos ciclos consecutivos de producción de 52 semanas (utilizados como duplicados). Los datos fueron tomados en la granja experimental del Consejo de Investigación Agrícola en Irene. Los medios del tratamiento fueron separados utilizando la prueba T protegida de Fisher, diferencia menos significativa al nivel de importancia del 5 percent, y el porcentaje de tasa de mortalidad por medio de una fila a través de la prueba χ2. No se hallaron diferencias significativas entre razas con respecto a la edad de puesta del primer huevo. La Leghorn Blanca fue superior (p ≤ 0.05) en cuanto al número medio de huevos producidos, y para el porcentaje de huevos puestos por ciclo de producción con respecto a las cuatro razas locales. La Potchefstroom Koekoek fue también superior (p ≤ 0.05) con respecto al número de huevos producidos en comparación a las otras tres razas locales para los parámetros mencionados anteriormente. No se evidenciaron diferencias entre la Ovambo y la Naked Neck. El porcentaje de mortalidad para la Leghorn Blanca (39,5 percent) fue significativamente diferente (p ≤ 0.05) a las de la Venda, Ovambo y Potchefstroom Koekoek (22,2 percent). No se observaron diferencias entre la Potchefstroom Koekoek, la Venda, la Ovambo y la Naked Neck (32,2 percent), o entre la Leghorn Blanca y la Naked Neck, con respecto al porcentaje de mortalidad medio.

Keywords

chickenegg productionindigenousindigènepoulesproduction d'oeufslocalgallinaproducción de huevos
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 46 , April 2010 , pp. 25 - 32
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2010

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