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LIVESTOCK WEALTH OF THE LADAKH: A COLD ARID REGION IN INDIA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2011

S.C. Gupta
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, National Institute of Animal Genetics, Karnal -132 001, INDIA
T. Tundup
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, National Institute of Animal Genetics, Karnal -132 001, INDIA
Neelam Gupta
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, National Institute of Animal Genetics, Karnal -132 001, INDIA
Pushpendra Kumar
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, National Institute of Animal Genetics, Karnal -132 001, INDIA
K. N. Yadav
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, National Institute of Animal Genetics, Karnal -132 001, INDIA
A. E. Nivsarkar
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, National Institute of Animal Genetics, Karnal -132 001, INDIA
B. K. Joshi
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, National Institute of Animal Genetics, Karnal -132 001, INDIA
R Sahai
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, National Institute of Animal Genetics, Karnal -132 001, INDIA
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Summary

The Ladakh plateau is an arctic desert in the Western Himalaya having an annual rainfall of 8 to 9 cm. Extreme environmental conditions and persistent hypoxia affect the human and livestock populations. Limited grazing resources are the other limiting factor. Despite these hardships, a great variety of livestock species are available in Ladakh. The yak is the most important species for highlanders providing them subsistence in terms of milk, meat, fibres, skin and hides. It is an excellent pack and transport animal in snow bound passes. Male Yak hybrids with local cattle are excellent bullocks under the hypoxic environment. The small population of local hill cattle is endangered due to large scale crossbreeding with yaks and exotic cattle. The majority of goatsoin Ladakh are Pashmmina type. The Changthangi is an important goat breed. Local small sized sheep yield fine carpet type wool and resemble the Tibetan sheep. Zaniskari horses are in danger of extinction. Other horses and ponies available in Ladakh appeared similar to the Tibetan ponies. The local donkeys have a large bulging head with long hair. Only 54 Bacterin camels are left in the region. Poultry and pigs are not popular in Ladakh. Almost all livestock species have long body hair to survive in extreme climatic conditions.

Resume

Le plateau de Ladakh est un désert artique dans l'Ouest de l'Himalaya avec une précipitation annuelle de 8 á 9 cm. Les conditions environnementales extrémes et l'hypoxémie affectent aussi bien la vie des hommes que des animaux d'élevage. Un autre facteur limitant est le manque de páturage. En dépit de ceci, il existe dans la zone une grande variété d'espéces d'élevage. Le yak est l'expéce plus importante pour les éleveurs des hauts plateaux car il représente leur mode de subsistence du point de vue lait, viande, fibres, peau et cuir. C'est un excellent animal pour le transport á travers les passages dans la neige. Les máles croisés de yak avec les races bovines locales sont des excellents bouvillons adaptés á ce type d'environnement. La petite population locale de colline est en danger á cause de l'enorme taux de croisement effectué entre le yak et les races bovines exotiques. La plupart des chévres de la zone de Ladakh appartiennent á la race Pashmina. La race Changthangi est un croisement important. Une petite population locale d'ovins du type ovins du Thibet produit une fibre fine pour la fabrication de tapis. La race de cheval Zaniskari est en danger. Il existe dans la zone de Ladakh d'autres types de cheval ou poney trés semblables aux poneys Thibetains. La race locale d'áne posséde une têe bombée et de long poils. Il ne reste que 54 chameaux de la race Bacterin dans la région. L'élevage de porcs et volailles n'est pas trés répandu dans la région de Ladakh. La plupart des animaux possédent de long poils pour survivre dans les conditions climatiques extrémes de la région‥

Type
Research Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1996

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References

4.0 REFERENCES

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