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Survey and characterization of South Kanara buffaloes in India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2011

P. Kathiravan
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnál, India
D.K. Sadana
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnál, India
B.P. Mishra
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnál, India
R.S. Kataria
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnál, India
P. Kaur
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnál, India
A. Kumar
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Husbandry, Shimoga, Karnataka, India
N.S. Jayaprakash
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Husbandry, Shimoga, Karnataka, India
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Summary

Kanarese buffaloes are medium built animals distributed in the South Kanara region on the west coast of South India. These buffaloes are dual purpose animals used mainly for agricultural operations in wet fields and for some milk production. They are famous for racing in water-bound fields. South Kanara buffaloes are moderate milk yielders producing about two to seven litres daily for a lactation period that ranged between 210 to 360 days. Genetic diversity analysis was performed using 10 microsatellite markers in a panel of 48 unrelated animals. The average number of alleles was estimated to be 6.30 with an average heterozygosity of 0.62 per locus. The population showed departure from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at all of the 10 loci tested. The heterozygote deficiency was estimated as 9.2% suggesting the presence of considerable inbreeding in the population. The allele frequency distribution followed the normal L-shaped form suggesting that the breed had not encountered a genetic bottleneck in the recent past.

Résumé

Les buffles Kanarese sont des animaux de taille moyenne qui se trouvent dans le Sud Kanara, région de la côte Ouest du Sud des Indes. Ces buffles sont des animaux à doubles propos utilisés surtout dans les travaux agricoles des régions humides et pour quelque production de lait. Ils sont connus pour les courses dans les champs inondés. Les buffles du Sud de Kanara ont une production de lait limitée, environ deux à sept litres par jour pendant la période de lactation, qui va de 210 à 360 jours. L'analyse de la diversité génétique a été réalisé en utilisant 10 marqueurs microsatéllites sur un échantillon de 48 animaux sans relations. Le nombre moyen d'allèles a été estimé à 6,30 avec une moyenne d'hétérocygosité de 6,20 par locus. La population montrait une déviation de l'équilibre de Hardy-Weinberg dans tous les 10 loci testé. Le manque d'hétérocygosité a été estimé à 9,2%, ce qui indique la présence importante de consanguinité dans la population. La fréquence de distribution des allèles suit la forme normale de L, ce qui indique que la race n'a pas rencontré une limite génétique récemment.

Resumen

Los búfalos Kanarese son animales de tamaño medio que se encuentran en el sur de Kanara, en la región de la costa oeste des sur de la India. Estos búfalos son animales de doble propósito utilizados sobre todo en los trabajos agrícolas en zonas húmedas y para algo de producción de leche. Se conocen también por las carreras en campos inundados. Los búfalos des sur de Kanara tienen una producción de leche limitada, alrededor de dos a siete litros por día durante el periodo de lactación, que va de 210 a 360 días. El análisis de la diversidad genética se ha realizado utilizando 10 marcadores microsatelitares sobre una muestra de 48 animales sin relación entre sí. La media de alelos se ha estimado en 6,30 con una media de heterocigosis de 6,20 por locus. La población muestra una desviación del equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg en todos los 10 loci analizados. La falta de heterocigosis se ha estimado en 9,2%, lo que indica la presencia de consanguinidad en la población. La frecuencia de distribución de los alelos sigue la forma normal de L, lo que indica que la raza no ha encontrado recientemente ningún límite genético.

Type
Research Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2008

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